{"id":1076445,"date":"2025-01-08T11:53:25","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:53:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1076445.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T11:53:28","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:53:28","slug":"python%e5%ba%93json%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%af%bb%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1076445.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5e93json\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5e93json\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5e93json\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1aPython\u4e2d\u7684json\u5e93\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\uff08\u5982sqlite3\u3001pymysql\u3001psycopg2\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u9996\u5148\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson\u683c\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u4f7f\u7528json\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528json\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\uff0c\u5982sqlite3\u3001pymysql\u3001psycopg2\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528sqlite3\u8fde\u63a5SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

SQLite\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002Python\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86sqlite3\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import sqlite3<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users")<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
rows = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.close()<\/p>\n
conn.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528json\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684dumps<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import json<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u679c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson<\/strong><\/h2>\n
def convert_to_json(data):<\/p>\n
    columns = ["id", "name", "emAI<\/a>l"]  # \u5047\u8bbe\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u540d<\/p>\n
    result = []<\/p>\n
    for row in data:<\/p>\n
        result.append(dict(zip(columns, row)))<\/p>\n
    return json.dumps(result, indent=4)<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
data = [(1, "John Doe", "john@example.com"), (2, "Jane Doe", "jane@example.com")]<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson<\/strong><\/h2>\n
json_data = convert_to_json(data)<\/p>\n
print(json_data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pymysql\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
MySQL\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pymysql\u5e93\u6765\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5pymysql\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install pymysql<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
import pymysql<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn = pymysql.connect(<\/p>\n
    host='localhost',<\/p>\n
    user='yourusername',<\/p>\n
    password='yourpassword',<\/p>\n
    database='yourdatabase'<\/p>\n
)<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users")<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
rows = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.close()<\/p>\n
conn.close()<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson<\/strong><\/h2>\n
json_data = convert_to_json(rows)<\/p>\n
print(json_data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528psycopg2\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
PostgreSQL\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528psycopg2\u5e93\u6765\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5psycopg2\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install psycopg2<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
import psycopg2<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn = psycopg2.connect(<\/p>\n
    host='localhost',<\/p>\n
    user='yourusername',<\/p>\n
    password='yourpassword',<\/p>\n
    dbname='yourdatabase'<\/p>\n
)<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users")<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
rows = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.close()<\/p>\n
conn.close()<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson<\/strong><\/h2>\n
json_data = convert_to_json(rows)<\/p>\n
print(json_data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5d4c\u5957\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u591a\u8868\u5173\u8054\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u591a\u8868\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u8868\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u8868\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sqlite3<\/p>\n
import json<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')<\/p>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884c\u591a\u8868\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.execute("""<\/p>\n
SELECT users.id, users.name, orders.order_id, orders.amount<\/p>\n
FROM users<\/p>\n
JOIN orders ON users.id = orders.user_id<\/p>\n
""")<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
rows = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.close()<\/p>\n
conn.close()<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson<\/strong><\/h2>\n
columns = ["id", "name", "order_id", "amount"]<\/p>\n
result = []<\/p>\n
for row in rows:<\/p>\n
    result.append(dict(zip(columns, row)))<\/p>\n
json_data = json.dumps(result, indent=4)<\/p>\n
print(json_data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5904\u7406\u5d4c\u5957\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5d4c\u5957\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5d4c\u5957\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sqlite3<\/p>\n
import json<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u5230SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')<\/p>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.execute("SELECT id, name FROM users")<\/p>\n
users = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
user_data = []<\/p>\n
for user in users:<\/p>\n
    user_id, user_name = user<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute("SELECT order_id, amount FROM orders WHERE user_id = ?", (user_id,))<\/p>\n
    orders = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
    user_data.append({<\/p>\n
        "id": user_id,<\/p>\n
        "name": user_name,<\/p>\n
        "orders": [{"order_id": order[0], "amount": order[1]} for order in orders]<\/p>\n
    })<\/p>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cursor.close()<\/p>\n
conn.close()<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson<\/strong><\/h2>\n
json_data = json.dumps(user_data, indent=4)<\/p>\n
print(json_data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
def validate_data(data):<\/p>\n
    for user in data:<\/p>\n
        if not isinstance(user["id"], int) or user["id"] <= 0:<\/p>\n
            raise ValueError("Invalid user ID")<\/p>\n
        if not isinstance(user["name"], str) or not user["name"]:<\/p>\n
            raise ValueError("Invalid user name")<\/p>\n
        for order in user["orders"]:<\/p>\n
            if not isinstance(order["order_id"], int) or order["order_id"] <= 0:<\/p>\n
                raise ValueError("Invalid order ID")<\/p>\n
            if not isinstance(order["amount"], float) or order["amount"] <= 0:<\/p>\n
                raise ValueError("Invalid order amount")<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
user_data = [<\/p>\n
    {"id": 1, "name": "John Doe", "orders": [{"order_id": 101, "amount": 99.99}]},<\/p>\n
    {"id": 2, "name": "Jane Doe", "orders": [{"order_id": 102, "amount": 49.99}]}<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
validate_data(user_data)<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson<\/strong><\/h2>\n
json_data = json.dumps(user_data, indent=4)<\/p>\n
print(json_data)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sqlite3<\/p>\n
import json<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    # \u8fde\u63a5\u5230SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n
    conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')<\/p>\n
    cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
    # \u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute("SELECT id, name FROM users")<\/p>\n
    users = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
    # \u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
    user_data = []<\/p>\n
    for user in users:<\/p>\n
        user_id, user_name = user<\/p>\n
        cursor.execute("SELECT order_id, amount FROM orders WHERE user_id = ?", (user_id,))<\/p>\n
        orders = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n
        user_data.append({<\/p>\n
            "id": user_id,<\/p>\n
            "name": user_name,<\/p>\n
            "orders": [{"order_id": order[0], "amount": order[1]} for order in orders]<\/p>\n
        })<\/p>\n
    # \u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n
    cursor.close()<\/p>\n
    conn.close()<\/p>\n
    # \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ajson<\/p>\n
    json_data = json.dumps(user_data, indent=4)<\/p>\n
    print(json_data)<\/p>\n
except sqlite3.Error as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"SQLite error: {e}")<\/p>\n
except ValueError as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Data validation error: {e}")<\/p>\n
except Exception as e:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Unexpected error: {e}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
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