{"id":1075141,"date":"2025-01-08T11:41:19","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:41:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1075141.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T11:41:21","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T03:41:21","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%8d%e5%85%83%e7%b4%a0-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1075141.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3python\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3python\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5207\u7247\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u5982\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u7b49\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5207\u7247\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002Python\u4e2d\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u5982\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u7d22\u5f15\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5411\u7d22\u5f15<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5411\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_list[0]<\/code>\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868my_list<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

my_list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]<\/p>\n
print(my_list[0])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a10<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8d1f\u5411\u7d22\u5f15<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8d1f\u5411\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece-1\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_list[-1]<\/code>\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868my_list<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(my_list[-1])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a50<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5207\u7247<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5207\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u5e8f\u5217[\u5f00\u59cb:\u7ed3\u675f:\u6b65\u957f]<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u5207\u7247<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(my_list[1:4])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[20, 30, 40]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b65\u957f\u5207\u7247<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u6b65\u957f\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u95f4\u9694\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53d6\u4e00\u6b21\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(my_list[0:5:2])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[10, 30, 50]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
index()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
index()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u503c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u9879\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(my_list.index(30))  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a2<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
count()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
count()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u503c\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(my_list.count(20))  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a1<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
new_list = [x for x in my_list if x > 20]<\/p>\n
print(new_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[30, 40, 50]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
filter()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
filter()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
filtered_list = list(filter(lambda x: x > 20, my_list))<\/p>\n
print(filtered_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[30, 40, 50]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5d4c\u5957\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u7ea7\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
nested_list = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]<\/p>\n
print(nested_list[1][2])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a6<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7d22\u5f15<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_string = "hello"<\/p>\n
print(my_string[1])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1ae<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5207\u7247<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u7247\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(my_string[1:4])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aell<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
print(my_dict['name'])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aAlice<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u96c6\u5408\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_set = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}<\/p>\n
for item in my_set:<\/p>\n
    if item == 3:<\/p>\n
        print("Found 3")  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1aFound 3<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6761\u4ef6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u5728Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7406\u89e3Python\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5207\u7247\u3001\u5217\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7b49\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\u5404\u79cd\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5143\u7d20\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728Python\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u9875\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u5305\u62ecSelenium\u548cBeautiful Soup\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff08\u5982ID\u3001\u7c7b\u540d\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u7b49\uff09\u6765\u51c6\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Selenium\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Selenium\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528XPath\u3001CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u3001ID\u6216\u7c7b\u540d\u3002XPath\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u627e\u5230\u5143\u7d20\uff1bCSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6837\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Beautiful Soup\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
Beautiful Soup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790HTML\u548cXML\u6587\u6863\u7684Python\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684API\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u4e0eSelenium\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cBeautiful Soup\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u66f4\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1f<\/strong>
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