![\"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6570\u636e\"](\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25104510\/2335bdb9-2b14-4dee-b359-304c56af067f.webp\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Python \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7ORM\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5b89\u88c5\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n pip install psycopg2<\/p>\n pip install pymysql<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n conn = mysql.connector.connect(<\/p>\n host="localhost",<\/p>\n user="yourusername",<\/p>\n password="yourpassword",<\/p>\n database="yourdatabase"<\/p>\n )<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n conn = psycopg2.connect(<\/p>\n host="localhost",<\/p>\n database="yourdatabase",<\/p>\n user="yourusername",<\/p>\n password="yourpassword"<\/p>\n )<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n conn = sqlite3.connect('yourdatabase.db')<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM your_table")<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u83b7\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n for row in results:<\/p>\n print(row)<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n conn.close()<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n ORM\uff08Object-Relational Mapping\uff09\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684Python ORM\u6846\u67b6\u5305\u62ecSQLAlchemy\u548cDjango ORM\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n engine = create_engine('mysql+mysqlconnector:\/\/yourusername:yourpassword@localhost\/yourdatabase')<\/p>\n conn = engine.connect()<\/p>\n metadata = MetaData()<\/p>\n your_table = Table('your_table', metadata, autoload_with=engine)<\/p>\n query = your_table.select()<\/p>\n results = conn.execute(query).fetchall()<\/p>\n for row in results:<\/p>\n print(row)<\/p>\n conn.close()<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n cd myproject<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u5728 'default': {<\/p>\n 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',<\/p>\n 'NAME': 'yourdatabase',<\/p>\n 'USER': 'yourusername',<\/p>\n 'PASSWORD': 'yourpassword',<\/p>\n 'HOST': 'localhost',<\/p>\n 'PORT': '3306',<\/p>\n }<\/p>\n }<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u5728 class YourModel(models.Model):<\/p>\n field1 = models.CharField(max_length=100)<\/p>\n field2 = models.IntegerField()<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u5728 def get_data():<\/p>\n results = YourModel.objects.all()<\/p>\n for row in results:<\/p>\n print(row)<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u548cORM\u6846\u67b6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n pip install mysql-connector-python<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n import mysql.connector<\/p>\n conn = mysql.connector.connect(<\/p>\n host="localhost",<\/p>\n user="yourusername",<\/p>\n password="yourpassword",<\/p>\n database="yourdatabase"<\/p>\n )<\/p>\n query = "SELECT * FROM your_table"<\/p>\n df = pd.read_sql(query, conn)<\/p>\n print(df)<\/p>\n conn.close()<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7ORM\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5728\u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u3001SQL\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n conn = mysql.connector.connect(<\/p>\n host="localhost",<\/p>\n user="yourusername",<\/p>\n password="yourpassword",<\/p>\n database="yourdatabase"<\/p>\n )<\/p>\n cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM your_table")<\/p>\n results = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n for row in results:<\/p>\n print(row)<\/p>\n except mysql.connector.Error as err:<\/p>\n print(f"Error: {err}")<\/p>\n finally:<\/p>\n if conn.is_connected():<\/p>\n cursor.close()<\/p>\n conn.close()<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u5728\u67e5\u8be2\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fc7\u591a\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n results = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n ('value1', 1),<\/p>\n ('value2', 2),<\/p>\n # ...<\/p>\n ]<\/p>\n cursor.executemany("INSERT INTO your_table (field1, field2) VALUES (%s, %s)", data)<\/p>\n conn.commit()<\/p>\n <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n \u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Python\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u901a\u8fc7ORM\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u8f7b\u677e\u5e94\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong> \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\uff1f<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528Python\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f<\/strong>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\n
mysql-connector-python<\/code> \u6216 PyMySQL<\/code><\/li>\npsycopg2<\/code><\/li>\npip install mysql-connector-python<\/p>\n2\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
MySQL<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import mysql.connector<\/p>\nPostgreSQL<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import psycopg2<\/p>\nSQLite<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import sqlite3<\/p>\n3\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n4\u3001\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
results = cursor.fetchall()<\/p>\n5\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
cursor.close()<\/p>\n\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ORM\u6846\u67b6\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001SQLAlchemy<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5SQLAlchemy<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pip install SQLAlchemy<\/p>\n\u4f7f\u7528SQLAlchemy\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Table, MetaData<\/p>\n\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u53cd\u5c04\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
2\u3001Django ORM<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5Django<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pip install django<\/p>\n\u521b\u5efaDjango\u9879\u76ee\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
django-admin startproject myproject<\/p>\nmyproject\/settings.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nDATABASES = {<\/p>\n\u521b\u5efaDjango\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
myproject\/models.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nfrom django.db import models<\/p>\nmyproject\/views.py<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\nfrom .models import YourModel<\/p>\n\u4e09\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5pandas\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pip install pandas<\/p>\n2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u56db\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n2\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
CREATE INDEX idx_field1 ON your_table(field1);<\/p>\n\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM your_table LIMIT 100 OFFSET 0")<\/p>\n\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
data = [<\/p>\n\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709SQLite\u3001MySQL\u548cPostgreSQL\u7b49\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528sqlite3<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u8fde\u63a5SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528mysql-connector-python<\/code>\u548cpsycopg2<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5206\u522b\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u548cPostgreSQL\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684execute<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fd0\u884cSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528fetchall()<\/code>\u6216fetchone()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u3002fetchall()<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800cfetchone()<\/code>\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5355\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u540e\u4f7f\u7528commit()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4ea4\u66f4\u6539\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8eINSERT\u3001UPDATE\u3001DELETE\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u5e76\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
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