{"id":1049451,"date":"2024-12-31T13:59:26","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T05:59:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1049451.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T13:59:28","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T05:59:28","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e4%b8%80%e6%ae%b5%e6%96%87%e5%ad%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1049451.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u6293\u53d6\u3001\u4eceAPI\u83b7\u53d6\u7b49\u3002<\/strong> \u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u6280\u672f\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u6293\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u5b57<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u7684open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
    content = file.read()<\/p>\n
    # \u6253\u5370\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
    print(content)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08'r'\uff09\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aexample.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528read()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u53d8\u91cfcontent<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 \u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    for line in file:<\/p>\n
        # \u6253\u5370\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n
        print(line.strip())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528for<\/code>\u5faa\u73af\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528strip()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u9664\u6bcf\u884c\u672b\u5c3e\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u6293\u53d6\u6587\u5b57<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002Python\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u9875\u6293\u53d6\uff0c\u5982requests<\/code>\u3001BeautifulSoup<\/code>\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u548cBeautifulSoup<\/code>\u6293\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5requests<\/code>\u548cBeautifulSoup<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install requests beautifulsoup4<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u4f7f\u7528requests\u548cBeautifulSoup\u6293\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6587\u5b57<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u548cBeautifulSoup<\/code>\u6293\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u6587\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/h2>\n
response = requests.get('https:\/\/example.com')<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709<p>\u6807\u7b7e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
paragraphs = soup.find_all('p')<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5370\u6bcf\u4e2a<p>\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for paragraph in paragraphs:<\/p>\n
    print(paragraph.get_text())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests.get()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup<\/code>\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709<p><\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5370\u6bcf\u4e2a<p><\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 \u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
API\u7aef\u70b9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
api_url = 'https:\/\/api.example.com\/get_text'<\/p>\n
\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/h2>\n
response = requests.get(api_url)<\/p>\n
\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
    # \u89e3\u6790JSON\u54cd\u5e94<\/p>\n
    data = response.json()<\/p>\n
    # \u6253\u5370\u6587\u5b57\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
    print(data['text'])<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
    print('\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25:', response.status_code)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests.get()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6API\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff08\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a200\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u6790JSON\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u6587\u5b57\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u6293\u53d6\u3001\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u7b49<\/strong>\u3002\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u9010\u884c\u6216\u5168\u90e8\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7f51\u9875\u6293\u53d6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u548cBeautifulSoup<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u5b57\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u6790API\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u63d0\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5982BeautifulSoup\u548crequests\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import requests\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup\n\nurl = 'https:\/\/example.com'\nresponse = requests.get(url)\nsoup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')\ntext = soup.get_text()\nprint(text)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u4ece\u9759\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8bfb\u53d6\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u5982'r'\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u8bfb\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
with open('file.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:\n    content = file.read()\nprint(content)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec.txt\u548c.csv\u7b49\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6709\u6ca1\u6709Python\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u591a\u4e2aPython\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u5305\u62ecNLTK\u3001spaCy\u548ctransformers\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u672c\u5206\u8bcd\u3001\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528spaCy\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import spacy\n\nnlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_sm")\ntext = "Apple is looking at buying U.K. startup for $1 billion"\ndoc = nlp(text)\n\nfor ent in doc.ents:\n    print(ent.text, ent.label_)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4ece\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u516c\u53f8\u540d\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u548c\u91d1\u989d\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Python\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u6293\u53d6\u3001\u4eceAPI\u83b7\u53d6\u7b49\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1049459,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1049451"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1049451"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1049451\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1049462,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1049451\/revisions\/1049462"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1049459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1049451"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1049451"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1049451"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}