{"id":1049138,"date":"2024-12-31T13:57:02","date_gmt":"2024-12-31T05:57:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1049138.html"},"modified":"2024-12-31T13:57:18","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T05:57:18","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8%e7%88%b6%e7%b1%bb%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1049138.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\"<\/p>\n

Python\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528super()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u7528\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u53ca\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528super()\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

super()\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528super()\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

class Parent:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        self.parent_attribute = "I am a parent attribute"<\/p>\n
    def parent_method(self):<\/p>\n
        print("This is a method in the parent class")<\/p>\n
class Child(Parent):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.child_attribute = "I am a child attribute"<\/p>\n
    def display_attributes(self):<\/p>\n
        print(self.parent_attribute)<\/p>\n
        print(self.child_attribute)<\/p>\n
        super().parent_method()<\/p>\n
child_instance = Child()<\/p>\n
child_instance.display_attributes()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528super()\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u5b50\u7c7bChild\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7bParent\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728display_attributes\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7super()\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u7236\u7c7b\u7684parent_method\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • super()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u591a\u91cd\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u6613\u8bfb\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u6307\u5b9a\u7236\u7c7b\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3super()\u51fd\u6570\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u7ee7\u627f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u610f\u5916\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u540d\u79f0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5904\u7406\u591a\u91cd\u7ee7\u627f\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      class Parent:<\/p>\n
          def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
              self.parent_attribute = "I am a parent attribute"<\/p>\n
          def parent_method(self):<\/p>\n
              print("This is a method in the parent class")<\/p>\n
      class Child(Parent):<\/p>\n
          def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
              Parent.__init__(self)<\/p>\n
              self.child_attribute = "I am a child attribute"<\/p>\n
          def display_attributes(self):<\/p>\n
              print(self.parent_attribute)<\/p>\n
              print(self.child_attribute)<\/p>\n
              Parent.parent_method(self)<\/p>\n
      child_instance = Child()<\/p>\n
      child_instance.display_attributes()<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528Parent.init<\/strong>(self)\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5728display_attributes\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528Parent.parent_method(self)\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      • \u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u6613\u8bfb\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56super()\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5355\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u5728\u591a\u91cd\u7ee7\u627f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u7ee7\u627f\u94fe\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0d\u591f\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
          \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u524d\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
          class Parent:<\/p>\n
              def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
                  self.parent_attribute = "I am a parent attribute"<\/p>\n
              def parent_method(self):<\/p>\n
                  print("This is a method in the parent class")<\/p>\n
          class Child(Parent):<\/p>\n
              def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
                  Parent.__init__(self)<\/p>\n
                  self.child_attribute = "I am a child attribute"<\/p>\n
              def display_attributes(self):<\/p>\n
                  print(self.parent_attribute)<\/p>\n
                  print(self.child_attribute)<\/p>\n
                  self.parent_method()<\/p>\n
          child_instance = Child()<\/p>\n
          child_instance.display_attributes()<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b50\u7c7bChild\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u4e86Parent.init<\/strong>(self)\uff0c\u5e76\u5728display_attributes\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u4e86self.parent_method()\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          • \u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u5728\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5355\u7ee7\u627f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u6613\u8bfb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            • \u5728\u591a\u91cd\u7ee7\u627f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u7ee7\u627f\u94fe\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e0d\u591f\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528super()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u540d\u79f0\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002super()\u51fd\u6570\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u591a\u91cd\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u540d\u79f0\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5355\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/strong>\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u7528\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
               \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528super()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u5b50\u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528super().\u5c5e\u6027\u540d<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7236\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5982\u679c\u7236\u7c7b\u548c\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u540c\u540d\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528super()<\/code>\u6765\u660e\u786e\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
              class Parent:\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.attribute = "\u7236\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027"\n\nclass Child(Parent):\n    def __init__(self):\n        super().__init__()\n        self.attribute = "\u5b50\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027"\n\n    def display(self):\n        print(super().attribute)  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\n\nchild = Child()\nchild.display()  # \u8f93\u51fa "\u7236\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u540d\u79f0\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u662f\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u7c7b\u540d\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
              class Parent:\n    attribute = "\u7236\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027"\n\nclass Child(Parent):\n    def display(self):\n        print(Parent.attribute)  # \u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\u7236\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\n\nchild = Child()\nchild.display()  # \u8f93\u51fa "\u7236\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528super()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528super()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1049171,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1049138"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1049138"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1049138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1049174,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1049138\/revisions\/1049174"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1049171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1049138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1049138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1049138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}