{"id":1024194,"date":"2024-12-30T14:11:38","date_gmt":"2024-12-30T06:11:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1024194.html"},"modified":"2024-12-30T14:11:40","modified_gmt":"2024-12-30T06:11:40","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%b8%85%e7%a9%ba%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%8c%ba-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1024194.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5982\u4f55\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570del\u3001\u6e05\u7a7a\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Jupyter Notebook\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u7b49<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570del\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u548c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u793a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570del<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570del\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5220\u9664\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5220\u9664\u5355\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    a = 10<\/p>\n
    print(a)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a10<\/p>\n
    del a<\/p>\n
    print(a)  # \u6b64\u65f6\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff1aNameError: name 'a' is not defined<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u5220\u9664\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      x = 5<\/p>\n
      y = 6<\/p>\n
      z = 7<\/p>\n
      print(x, y, z)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a5 6 7<\/p>\n
      del x, y, z<\/p>\n
      print(x, y, z)  # \u6b64\u65f6\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff1aNameError: name 'x' is not defined<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u5220\u9664\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]<\/p>\n
        del my_list[:]<\/p>\n
        print(my_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[]<\/p>\n
        my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}<\/p>\n
        del my_dict['a']<\/p>\n
        print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{'b': 2}<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e8c\u3001\u6e05\u7a7a\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u7a7a\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        a = [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
        print(a)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
        a = []<\/p>\n
        print(a)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[]<\/p>\n
        b = {'key': 'value'}<\/p>\n
        print(b)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{'key': 'value'}<\/p>\n
        b = {}<\/p>\n
        print(b)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{}<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e09\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
        \u91cd\u542fPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u662f\u6700\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fd8\u662fIDE\uff08\u5982PyCharm\u3001VSCode\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          $ python<\/p>\n
          >>> x = 10<\/p>\n
          >>> exit()<\/p>\n
          $ python  # \u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/p>\n
          >>> print(x)  # \u6b64\u65f6\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff1aNameError: name 'x' is not defined<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u5728IDE\u4e2d\u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u5728PyCharm\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u83dc\u5355\u680f\u4e2d\u7684Run<\/code> -> Restart Interpreter<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u6765\u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3002\u5728VSCode\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u9762\u677f\uff08Ctrl+Shift+P\uff09\u8f93\u5165Python: Restart Language Server<\/code>\u6765\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Jupyter Notebook\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728Jupyter Notebook\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              %reset -f<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u6e05\u7a7a\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                %reset_selective -f "^a"  # \u6e05\u7a7a\u4ee5\u5b57\u6bcda\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                \u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                Python\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. gc\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  gc\uff08garbage collection\uff09\u6a21\u5757\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528gc.collect()\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  import gc<\/p>\n
                  a = [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
                  del a<\/p>\n
                  gc.collect()  # \u8fdb\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. os\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    os\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528os.system()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    import os<\/p>\n
                    os.system('clear')  # \u5728Unix\/Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6e05\u7a7a\u7ec8\u7aef<\/p>\n
                    os.system('cls')  # \u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6e05\u7a7a\u7ec8\u7aef<\/p>\n
                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
                    \u6e05\u7a7aPython\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570del\u3001\u6e05\u7a7a\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Jupyter Notebook\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    \u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5982\u4f55\u6e05\u7a7aPython\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u7f16\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u5927\u5bb6\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6e05\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1f<\/strong>
                    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5220\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cfa<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7del a<\/code>\u6765\u5220\u9664\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong>
                    \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528globals().clear()<\/code>\u6765\u6e05\u7a7a\u5f53\u524d\u5168\u5c40\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u60a8\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u7f6eJupyter Notebook\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff1f<\/strong>
                    \u5728Jupyter Notebook\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u201cKernel\u201d\u83dc\u5355\u4e2d\u7684\u201cRestart\u201d\u9009\u9879\u6765\u91cd\u7f6e\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f7f\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python IDE\u4e2d\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff1f<\/strong>
                    \u8bb8\u591aPython IDE\uff08\u4f8b\u5982PyCharm\u6216VSCode\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u6216\u9009\u62e9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6e05\u9664\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u60a8\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684IDE\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5982\u4f55\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\uff1f Python\u6e05\u7a7a\u5de5\u4f5c\u533a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570del\u3001\u6e05\u7a7a\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3001\u4f7f\u7528J […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1024200,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1024194"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1024194"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1024194\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1024205,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1024194\/revisions\/1024205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1024200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1024194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1024194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1024194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}