{"id":1023747,"date":"2024-12-30T14:07:38","date_gmt":"2024-12-30T06:07:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1023747.html"},"modified":"2024-12-30T14:07:40","modified_gmt":"2024-12-30T06:07:40","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96excel%e5%86%85%e5%ae%b9-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1023747.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6excel\u5185\u5bb9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6excel\u5185\u5bb9\"<\/p>\n

Python\u83b7\u53d6Excel\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cpandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6Excel\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

pandas\u662fPython\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5pandas\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pandas<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528read_excel<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5370\u6570\u636e\u6846\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684Sheet<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2aSheet\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684Sheet\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684Sheet<\/p>\n
df = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1')<\/p>\n
\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx', sheet_name=0)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u548c\u884c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u548c\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528usecols<\/code>\u548cskiprows<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217<\/p>\n
df = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx', usecols=['A', 'B', 'C'])<\/p>\n
\u8df3\u8fc7\u524d\u51e0\u884c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx', skiprows=2)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pandas\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u586b\u5145\u7f3a\u5931\u503c<\/p>\n
df.fillna(0, inplace=True)<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u542b\u6709\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u884c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df.dropna(inplace=True)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
openpyxl\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165.xlsx\u683c\u5f0f\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5openpyxl\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install openpyxl<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from openpyxl import load_workbook<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
wb = load_workbook('file.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2aSheet<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet = wb['Sheet1']<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cell_value = sheet['A1'].value<\/p>\n
print(cell_value)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2aSheet\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386Sheet\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u548c\u5217\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2aSheet\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2aSheet\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
for row in sheet.iter_rows(values_only=True):<\/p>\n
    print(row)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u884c\u548c\u5217\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7max_row<\/code>\u548cmax_column<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6Sheet\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u548c\u5217\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u83b7\u53d6\u884c\u548c\u5217\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n
row_count = sheet.max_row<\/p>\n
col_count = sheet.max_column<\/p>\n
print(f"Rows: {row_count}, Columns: {col_count}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
xlrd\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6.xls\u683c\u5f0f\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5xlrd\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install xlrd<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import xlrd<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('file.xls')<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2aSheet<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cell_value = sheet.cell_value(0, 0)<\/p>\n
print(cell_value)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2aSheet\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386Sheet\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u548c\u5217\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2aSheet\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2aSheet\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
for row_idx in range(sheet.nrows):<\/p>\n
    row = sheet.row(row_idx)<\/p>\n
    print(row)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u884c\u548c\u5217\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7nrows<\/code>\u548cncols<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6Sheet\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u548c\u5217\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u83b7\u53d6\u884c\u548c\u5217\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n
row_count = sheet.nrows<\/p>\n
col_count = sheet.ncols<\/p>\n
print(f"Rows: {row_count}, Columns: {col_count}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fapandas\u3001openpyxl\u548cxlrd\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\u6700\u4e3a\u7b80\u4fbf\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u573a\u666f\uff1bopenpyxl\u5e93\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684.xlsx\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff1bxlrd\u5e93\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406.xls\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5177\u5907\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u800c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6837\u5f0f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u8001\u65e7\u7684.xls\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9openpyxl\u548cxlrd\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u65e0\u8bba\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u548c\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790Excel\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5e93\u5305\u62ecpandas\u548copenpyxl\u3002\u901a\u8fc7pandas\u7684read_excel()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5bfc\u5165Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aDataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pandas\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5openpyxl\u6216xlrd\u5e93\u4f5c\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n
Python\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec.xls<\/code>\u548c.xlsx<\/code>\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u65e7\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\uff1b\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u65b0\u7684Excel\u683c\u5f0f\uff0cpandas\u5e93\u901a\u5e38\u7ed3\u5408openpyxl\u6216xlsxwriter\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7684Excel\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5904\u7406Excel\u6570\u636e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6837\u5f0f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5904\u7406Excel\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6837\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\uff0c\u8be5\u5e93\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u8bfb\u5199Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u3001\u5b57\u4f53\u3001\u989c\u8272\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5916\u89c2\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6ee1\u8db3\u6570\u636e\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u83b7\u53d6Excel\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6Ex […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1023752,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1023747"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1023747"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1023747\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1023756,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1023747\/revisions\/1023756"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1023752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1023747"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1023747"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1023747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}