{"id":1009894,"date":"2024-12-27T11:15:58","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:15:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1009894.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T11:16:00","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:16:00","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%89%93%e5%bc%80python%e7%9a%84%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1009894.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5f00python\u7684\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25084633\/00e95a59-3734-4247-952e-df216579c37b.webp\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5f00python\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u6253\u5f00Python\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5904\u7406Python\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002open()\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5219\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>open()\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>&#39;r&#39;<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1FileNotFoundError\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&#39;w&#39;<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u5199\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&#39;a&#39;<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u5c06\u4f1a\u653e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&#39;b&#39;<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982<code>&#39;rb&#39;<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&#39;+&#39;<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982<code>&#39;r+&#39;<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4ee5\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>file = open(&#39;example.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>with\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>with open(&#39;example.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p>    print(content)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u597d\u5904\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u8fd9\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u7528file.close()\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528read()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528readline()\u65b9\u6cd5\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>with open(&#39;example.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>    content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p>    print(content)<\/p>\n<p>    # \u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>    file.seek(0)  # \u91cd\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934<\/p>\n<p>    for line in file:<\/p>\n<p>        print(line.strip())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5199\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f<code>&#39;w&#39;<\/code>\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f<code>&#39;a&#39;<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>with open(&#39;example.txt&#39;, &#39;w&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    file.write(&#39;Hello, World!\\n&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>    file.write(&#39;This is a new line.\\n&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f<code>&#39;r+&#39;<\/code>\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f1a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>with open(&#39;example.txt&#39;, &#39;r+&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p>    print(&#39;Current content:&#39;, content)<\/p>\n<p>    # \u5199\u5165\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>    file.write(&#39;This is an added line.\\n&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6355\u83b7\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u8bed\u53e5\u6355\u83b7\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6355\u83b7\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n<p>try:<\/p>\n<p>    with open(&#39;nonexistent.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>        content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p>except FileNotFoundError:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&#39;Error: File not found.&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>except PermissionError:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&#39;Error: Permission denied.&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>except Exception as e:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&#39;An unexpected error occurred:&#39;, e)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u56e0\u672a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u800c\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u3002Python\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528UTF-8\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u7801<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7encoding\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u7801\u4e3aUTF-8<\/p>\n<p>with open(&#39;example.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5904\u7406\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528GBK\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<p>try:<\/p>\n<p>    with open(&#39;chinese.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;, encoding=&#39;gbk&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>        content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p>        print(content)<\/p>\n<p>except UnicodeDecodeError:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&#39;Error: Unicode decode error occurred.&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u5904\u7406\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>os\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5982os.path.join()\u3001os.path.abspath()\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import os<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4f7f\u7528os.path.join()\u6784\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>file_path = os.path.join(&#39;folder&#39;, &#39;example.txt&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>abs_path = os.path.abspath(file_path)<\/p>\n<p>print(&#39;Absolute path:&#39;, abs_path)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u517c\u5bb9\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cos.path.join()\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e03\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u548c\u5220\u9664<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u548c\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import os<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>os.rename(&#39;example.txt&#39;, &#39;renamed.txt&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>os.remove(&#39;renamed.txt&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u64cd\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>os\u6a21\u5757\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import os<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>os.makedirs(&#39;new_folder&#39;, exist_ok=True)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>os.rmdir(&#39;new_folder&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>directory_content = os.listdir(&#39;.&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(&#39;Directory content:&#39;, directory_content)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cPython\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684<code>open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bfb\u53d6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08&#39;r&#39;\uff09\u3001\u5199\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08&#39;w&#39;\uff09\u6216\u9644\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08&#39;a&#39;\uff09\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">with open(&#39;\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as file:\n    content = file.read()\n    print(content)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u5173\u95ed\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684<code>os.path<\/code>\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>os.path.join()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6839\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import os\n\nfile_path = os.path.join(&#39;\u76ee\u5f55\u540d&#39;, &#39;\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.txt&#39;)\nwith open(file_path, &#39;r&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as file:\n    content = file.read()\n    print(content)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0cPython\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\u5904\u7406\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5f53\u4f60\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0cPython\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a<code>FileNotFoundError<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>try-except<\/code>\u5757\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">try:\n    with open(&#39;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;) as file:\n        content = file.read()\nexcept FileNotFoundError:\n    print(&quot;\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u8def\u5f84\u3002&quot;)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u5230\u660e\u786e\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u6253\u5f00Python\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528with\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728Pyt [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1009901,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1009894"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1009894"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1009894\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1009904,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1009894\/revisions\/1009904"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1009901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1009894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1009894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1009894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}