{"id":1008202,"date":"2024-12-27T11:00:35","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1008202.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T11:00:37","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T03:00:37","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8e%92%e5%88%97%e6%95%b0%e7%bb%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1008202.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6392\u5217\u6570\u7ec4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u6392\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528sorted()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528sort()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5229\u7528NumPy\u5e93\u3001\u4f7f\u7528itertools\u5e93<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570key<\/code>\u548creverse<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

arr = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5]<\/p>\n
sorted_arr = sorted(arr)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_arr)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecdPython\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u79cd\u6392\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001SORTED() \u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u539f\u5217\u8868\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sorted(iterable, *, key=None, reverse=False)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • iterable<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f85\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n
  • key<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
  • reverse<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aTrue<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u5217\u8868\u6309\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    words = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date"]<\/p>\n
    sorted_words = sorted(words)<\/p>\n
    print(sorted_words)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date']<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    2. \u4f7f\u7528key\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    key<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868\u6309\u957f\u5ea6\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    words = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date"]<\/p>\n
    sorted_words = sorted(words, key=len)<\/p>\n
    print(sorted_words)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['date', 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry']<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    3. \u4f7f\u7528reverse\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06reverse<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aTrue<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    arr = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5]<\/p>\n
    sorted_arr = sorted(arr, reverse=True)<\/p>\n
    print(sorted_arr)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[9, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 2, 1, 1]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001SORT() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5217\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u539f\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    1. \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    arr = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5]<\/p>\n
    arr.sort()<\/p>\n
    print(arr)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    2. \u4f7f\u7528key\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528key<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9a\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    words = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "date"]<\/p>\n
    words.sort(key=len)<\/p>\n
    print(words)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a['date', 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry']<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    3. \u4f7f\u7528reverse\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7reverse<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    arr = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5]<\/p>\n
    arr.sort(reverse=True)<\/p>\n
    print(arr)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[9, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 2, 1, 1]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e09\u3001NUMPY\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    NumPy\u662fPython\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528numpy.sort()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    NumPy\u7684sort()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import numpy as np<\/p>\n
    arr = np.array([3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5])<\/p>\n
    sorted_arr = np.sort(arr)<\/p>\n
    print(sorted_arr)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[1 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 5 6 9]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    2. \u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    NumPy\u7684sort()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    arr = np.array([[3, 1, 4], [1, 5, 9], [2, 6, 5]])<\/p>\n
    sorted_arr = np.sort(arr, axis=1)<\/p>\n
    print(sorted_arr)<\/p>\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    [[1 3 4]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     [1 5 9]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     [2 5 6]]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u56db\u3001ITERTOOLS\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    itertools<\/code>\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528itertools.permutations()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    permutations()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import itertools<\/p>\n
    arr = [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
    permutations = list(itertools.permutations(arr))<\/p>\n
    print(permutations)<\/p>\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[(1, 2, 3), (1, 3, 2), (2, 1, 3), (2, 3, 1), (3, 1, 2), (3, 2, 1)]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    2. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5217\u987a\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408sorted()<\/code>\u548citertools.permutations()<\/code>\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    def custom_sort(arr):<\/p>\n
        return sum(arr)<\/p>\n
    arr = [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
    permutations = list(itertools.permutations(arr))<\/p>\n
    sorted_permutations = sorted(permutations, key=custom_sort)<\/p>\n
    print(sorted_permutations)<\/p>\n
    \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a[(1, 2, 3), (1, 3, 2), (2, 1, 3), (3, 1, 2), (2, 3, 1), (3, 2, 1)]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6392\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6216sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0cNumPy\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1b\u800citertools<\/code>\u5e93\u5219\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u8005\u6570\u7ec4\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684sort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002sorted()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800csort()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528sorted(array)<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u800carray.sort()<\/code>\u4f1a\u5728\u539f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
    Python\u4e2d\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong>
    Python\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fTimsort\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e3aO(n log n)\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u51e0\u4e4e\u5df2\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0cTimsort\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u6570\u636e\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u90e8\u5206\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7ed9sorted()<\/code>\u6216sort()<\/code>\u7684key<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528array.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])<\/code>\u6765\u6839\u636e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6392\u5217\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528sorted()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528sort()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5229\u7528NumP […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1008209,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008202"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1008202"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1008212,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008202\/revisions\/1008212"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1008209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1008202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1008202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1008202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}