{"id":1008083,"date":"2024-12-27T10:59:33","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T02:59:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1008083.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T10:59:37","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T02:59:37","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8f%91%e9%80%81xml%e6%8a%a5%e6%96%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1008083.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u9001xml\u62a5\u6587"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u9001xml\u62a5\u6587\"<\/p>\n

Python\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/strong>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aXML\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709xml.etree.ElementTree\u5e93\u548clxml\u5e93\u3002xml.etree.ElementTree\u5e93\u662fPython\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u6863\uff1b\u800clxml\u5e93\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528xml.etree.ElementTree\u5e93\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET<\/p>\n
root = ET.Element("note")<\/p>\n
to = ET.SubElement(root, "to")<\/p>\n
to.text = "Tove"<\/p>\n
from_ = ET.SubElement(root, "from")<\/p>\n
from_.text = "Jani"<\/p>\n
heading = ET.SubElement(root, "heading")<\/p>\n
heading.text = "Reminder"<\/p>\n
body = ET.SubElement(root, "body")<\/p>\n
body.text = "Don't forget me this weekend!"<\/p>\n
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)<\/p>\n
tree.write("note.xml")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3Python\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e\u662f\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528xml.etree.ElementTree\u5e93\u548clxml\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u4f7f\u7528xml.etree.ElementTree\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    xml.etree.ElementTree\u662fPython\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u89e3\u6790XML\u6587\u6863\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684XML\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u6839\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    root = ET.Element("note")<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u672c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    to = ET.SubElement(root, "to")<\/p>\n
    to.text = "Tove"<\/p>\n
    from_ = ET.SubElement(root, "from")<\/p>\n
    from_.text = "Jani"<\/p>\n
    heading = ET.SubElement(root, "heading")<\/p>\n
    heading.text = "Reminder"<\/p>\n
    body = ET.SubElement(root, "body")<\/p>\n
    body.text = "Don't forget me this weekend!"<\/p>\n
    \u5c06XML\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    tree = ET.ElementTree(root)<\/p>\n
    tree.write("note.xml")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528lxml\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      lxml\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684XML\u5904\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301XPath\u3001XSLT\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684XML\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      from lxml import etree<\/p>\n
      \u521b\u5efa\u6839\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      root = etree.Element("note")<\/p>\n
      \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u672c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      to = etree.SubElement(root, "to")<\/p>\n
      to.text = "Tove"<\/p>\n
      from_ = etree.SubElement(root, "from")<\/p>\n
      from_.text = "Jani"<\/p>\n
      heading = etree.SubElement(root, "heading")<\/p>\n
      heading.text = "Reminder"<\/p>\n
      body = etree.SubElement(root, "body")<\/p>\n
      body.text = "Don't forget me this weekend!"<\/p>\n
      \u5c06XML\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      xml_data = etree.tostring(root, pretty_print=True, xml_declaration=True, encoding='UTF-8')<\/p>\n
      \u6253\u5370XML\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      print(xml_data.decode('utf-8'))<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u6784\u5efa\u597dXML\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002Python\u7684requests\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u53d1\u9001GET\u3001POST\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u5728\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        pip install requests<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u5728\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests.post()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5c06XML\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          import requests<\/p>\n
          \u76ee\u6807URL<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          url = "http:\/\/example.com\/api"<\/p>\n
          \u8bf7\u6c42\u5934<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          headers = {<\/p>\n
              'Content-Type': 'application\/xml',<\/p>\n
          }<\/p>\n
          \u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          response = requests.post(url, data=xml_data, headers=headers)<\/p>\n
          \u6253\u5370\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u548c\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
          print(response.status_code)<\/p>\n
          print(response.text)<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7requests\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            response\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684status_code\u5c5e\u6027\u5305\u542b\u4e86HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
                print("\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f")<\/p>\n
            else:<\/p>\n
                print(f"\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff1a{response.status_code}")<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u83b7\u53d6\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              response\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684text\u5c5e\u6027\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              response_data = response.text<\/p>\n
              print(response_data)<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u89e3\u6790XML\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662fXML\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528xml.etree.ElementTree\u5e93\u6216lxml\u5e93\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET<\/p>\n
                \u89e3\u6790XML\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                root = ET.fromstring(response_data)<\/p>\n
                \u8bbf\u95eeXML\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                for child in root:<\/p>\n
                    print(child.tag, child.text)<\/p>\n
                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                \u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \u4f7f\u7528Python\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e\u3001\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982xml.etree.ElementTree\u3001lxml\u548crequests\u5e93\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6784\u5efaXML\u62a5\u6587\uff1f<\/strong>
                \u5728Python\u4e2d\u6784\u5efaXML\u62a5\u6587\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528xml.etree.ElementTree<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b50\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528ElementTree<\/code>\u7684toxml()<\/code>\u6216write()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u751f\u6210\u6700\u7ec8\u7684XML\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n
                import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET\n\nroot = ET.Element("Message")\nchild = ET.SubElement(root, "Data")\nchild.text = "Hello, World!"\n\ntree = ET.ElementTree(root)\nET.dump(tree)  # \u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1f<\/strong>
                \u8981\u5c06XML\u62a5\u6587\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u6784\u5efa\u597dXML\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7requests.post()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
                import requests\n\nxml_data = '''<Message><Data>Hello, World!<\/Data><\/Message>'''\nresponse = requests.post('http:\/\/your-api-endpoint.com', data=xml_data, headers={'Content-Type': 'application\/xml'})\n\nprint(response.status_code)\nprint(response.text)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684XML\u54cd\u5e94\uff1f<\/strong>
                \u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684XML\u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528xml.etree.ElementTree<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u6536\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6790XML\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
                response_xml = response.content\nroot = ET.fromstring(response_xml)\n\nfor child in root:\n    print(child.tag, child.text)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728Python\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u53d1\u9001XML\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6784\u5efaXML\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1008092,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008083"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1008083"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008083\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1008094,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008083\/revisions\/1008094"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1008092"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1008083"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1008083"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1008083"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}