{"id":1003395,"date":"2024-12-27T10:16:56","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T02:16:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1003395.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T10:16:59","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T02:16:59","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1003395.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25080759\/b47ea0da-dbb5-464b-9d09-c6e5f138a4b2.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528<code>dir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528<code>help()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3001\u4f7f\u7528<code>.keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>dir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001TYPE()\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5217\u8868\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">number = 42<\/p>\n<p>print(type(number))  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a&lt;class &#39;int&#39;&gt;<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf<code>number<\/code>\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\uff08int\uff09\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u907f\u514d\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001DIR()\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>dir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u4e2d\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<code>dir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">text = &quot;Hello, World!&quot;<\/p>\n<p>print(dir(text))<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>dir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u8c61<code>text<\/code>\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982<code>strip()<\/code>\u3001<code>lower()<\/code>\u3001<code>upper()<\/code>\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>dir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001HELP()\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>help()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u5e2e\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528<code>help()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6216\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u7279\u522b\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">help(str.lower)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>help()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65b9\u6cd5<code>lower()<\/code>\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u5305\u62ec\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<code>help()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u662fPython\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u5e93\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001KEYS()\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\uff0c<code>.keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<code>.keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u952e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bbf\u95ee\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">person = {&quot;name&quot;: &quot;Alice&quot;, &quot;age&quot;: 30, &quot;city&quot;: &quot;New York&quot;}<\/p>\n<p>print(person.keys())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>.keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u5178<code>person<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>.keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u8bc6\u522b\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u638c\u63e1\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662fPython\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<code>type()<\/code>\u3001<code>dir()<\/code>\u3001<code>help()<\/code>\u548c<code>.keys()<\/code>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u719f\u7ec3\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7fPython\u7f16\u7a0b\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684<code>dir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u5165\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c<code>dir()<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6846\uff08DataFrame\uff09\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>dir(dataframe)<\/code>\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u67e5\u770bPython\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528<code>dir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>vars()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684<code>__dict__<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>help()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5173\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u5982PyCharm\u6216Jupyter Notebook\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u5e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u548c\u63d0\u793a\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u67e5\u770bPython\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u786e\u8ba4\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u770b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08docstring\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5173\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ca\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>print(object.__doc__)<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u51fa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u67e5\u770b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49<code>__init__()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528<code>vars(instance)<\/code>\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5c5e\u6027\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u7528\u9014\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528type()\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528dir()\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1003407,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003395"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1003395"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1003408,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1003395\/revisions\/1003408"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1003407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1003395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1003395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1003395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}