{"id":1000875,"date":"2024-12-27T09:54:05","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T01:54:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1000875.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T09:54:09","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T01:54:09","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b0%81%e8%a3%85%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1000875.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5c01\u88c5\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5c01\u88c5\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c01\u88c5\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e93\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u7528\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u8f93\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e93\u662f\u5173\u952e\uff0cPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u5982DEBUG\u3001INFO\u3001WARNING\u3001ERROR\u3001CRITICAL\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff08\u5982\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c01\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u81ea\u5e26\u7684logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7b49\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0clogging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u901a\u7528\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u5728logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Formatter<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import logging<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u5305\u62ecDEBUG\u3001INFO\u3001WARNING\u3001ERROR\u548cCRITICAL\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ec5\u8bb0\u5f55\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u5728logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eLogger<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
logger = logging.getLogger('my_logger')<\/p>\n
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)  # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6700\u4f4e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u4e3aDEBUG<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u8f93\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u652f\u6301\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u76ee\u6807\uff08\u5982\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Handler<\/code>\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5305\u62ecStreamHandler<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff09\u548cFileHandler<\/code>\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u5904\u7406\u5668<\/p>\n
console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()<\/p>\n
console_handler.setFormatter(formatter)<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n
file_handler = logging.FileHandler('my_log.log')<\/p>\n
file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230logger<\/strong><\/h2>\n
logger.addHandler(console_handler)<\/p>\n
logger.addHandler(file_handler)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5c01\u88c5\u51fd\u6570\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def setup_logger(name, log_file, level=logging.DEBUG):<\/p>\n
    """\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2alogger"""<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efalogger<\/p>\n
    logger = logging.getLogger(name)<\/p>\n
    logger.setLevel(level)<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efa\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5668<\/p>\n
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efa\u5904\u7406\u5668<\/p>\n
    file_handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file)<\/p>\n
    file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)<\/p>\n
    # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5230logger<\/p>\n
    logger.addHandler(file_handler)<\/p>\n
    return logger<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
my_logger = setup_logger('example_logger', 'example.log')<\/p>\n
my_logger.info('This is an info message')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u4e0e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\uff0clogging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\uff08RotatingFileHandler\uff09\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08\u4f7f\u7528QueueHandler<\/code>\u548cQueueListener<\/code>\uff09\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u5f53\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8fc7\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u529f\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5355\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8fc7\u5927\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528RotatingFileHandler<\/code>\u6216TimedRotatingFileHandler<\/code>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler<\/p>\n
    rotating_handler = RotatingFileHandler('my_log.log', maxBytes=1024*1024, backupCount=5)<\/p>\n
    rotating_handler.setFormatter(formatter)<\/p>\n
    logger.addHandler(rotating_handler)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u5f02\u6b65\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528QueueHandler<\/code>\u548cQueueListener<\/code>\u6765\u5f02\u6b65\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      from logging.handlers import QueueHandler, QueueListener<\/p>\n
      import queue<\/p>\n
      log_queue = queue.Queue(-1)<\/p>\n
      queue_handler = QueueHandler(log_queue)<\/p>\n
      logger.addHandler(queue_handler)<\/p>\n
      queue_listener = QueueListener(log_queue, file_handler, console_handler)<\/p>\n
      queue_listener.start()<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u65e5\u5fd7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u6765\u7b5b\u9009\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u67d0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        class ModuleFilter(logging.Filter):<\/p>\n
            def filter(self, record):<\/p>\n
                return record.name.startswith('my_module')<\/p>\n
        logger.addFilter(ModuleFilter())<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5c01\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
         \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
        \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u652f\u6301\u54ea\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\uff1f<\/strong>
        \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65e5\u5fd7\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u5305\u62ecDEBUG\u3001INFO\u3001WARNING\u3001ERROR\u548cCRITICAL\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff1f<\/strong>
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