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Adrian Berski

Dublin Institute of Technology, Department of Political Science, School of Languages Law and Social Sciences, Undergraduate

UMCS, Political Science, Adjunct

UMCS, European Ph.D. College, Adjunct

The L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Political science, Faculty Member

Griffith College Dublin, Graduate Business School, Alumnus

Ivan Franko Lviv National University, Political Science, Faculty Member

University of Oxford, Philosophy, Politics and Economics, Department Member

Maria Curie - Skłodowska University, Political Science, Faculty Member

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Adrian Berski/1984/, dr (Ph.D), M.A., Higher Diploma

Dr. Adrian Berski is a practising Ph.D Doctor (Social Science). He also has an MSc in Political Science and postgraduate qualifications in Digital Communications for Business and an L.L.B. (Law degree) at Dublin Institute of Technology - Technological University Dublin.

His research interests are in the areas of Central Asia, the political-law system, an ethnic policy of the CIS countries. Adrian is passionate about the political system of the Commonwealth of Independent State countries, teaching and research. His thesis are internationally recognized.
Address: Ireland, UK, Canada, Poland

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Western Sydney University

University of Toronto

Kansas State University

University of Cologne

Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

University of Florida

Ahmet Kanlidere

Marmara University

Benedicte Ledent

Université de Liège

Mustafa Gökçe

Muğla Sıtkı Koçman üniversitesi

Gian Luca Bonora

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)

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Papers by Adrian Berski

Поляки в Казахстане как элемент казахско – польских билатеральных отношений

Facta Simonidis, Dec 30, 2012

Małgorzata Samulak-Piłat presented in his books an alternative for conducting warfare. In Dorsai ... more Małgorzata Samulak-Piłat presented in his books an alternative for conducting warfare. In Dorsai series he argued that a soldier's most important features were honour, courage, fitness, and control of the mind. His soldier was a brilliant tactician and strategist capable of winning a battle without engaging into a direct contact with the enemy. What is more, his soldier was fit, competent, disciplined and equipped with the inner strength of controlling his own body. What Dickson wanted to show, was that unnecessary bloodshed could be avoided during war and a soldier did not have to be a thoughtless killing machine for carrying orders but an honourable, well trained and proficient military man who did not have to be overwhelmed with state-of-the-art technology. According to him a war did not have to end up with thousands of casualties and a battle did not have to be decided in the field but by tactical manoeuvres. In his books he proved that a small force of perfectly skilled mercenaries was enough to win the battle, without the necessity of using hundreds of less skilled men. And above all, for him, a soldier did not have to be a thoughtless killing machine for carrying orders but a just, honourable and proficient military man who did not have to be overwhelmed with high technology, as his strength laid in his muscles and in his control of the mind and body. Although his writings have passed with little attention from critics he still remained a silent giant of military SF.

Determinants of the Irish bail system before and after 1997

The Role and Approach of the European Court of Human Rights in the Protection of Core Human Rights and in Deferring to the Judgment of States under the European Convention on Human Rights

Which Doctrine has had the Bigger Impact on EU law, Direct Effect or Supremacy?

The jurisdiction of the Irish Courts in the protection of the constitutional rights of a person accused of a crime

Berski, A. (2016) The jurisdiction of the Irish Courts in the protection of the constitutional ri... more

Do Irish courts and the European Court of Human Rights Have Achieved the Correct Balance Between Protection of the Rights of Individual Prisoners and Pragmatic Concerns Regarding the Proper Functioning of the Prison System

Problematic aspects of Victims of Crime in Criminology

Academia letters, Jun 11, 2021

Does the Provision for Irish Prisoners to Keep in Contact With the Outside Environment Require Reform

Which Doctrine has had the Bigger Impact on EU law, Direct Effect or Supremacy?

Problematic aspects of Victims of Crime in Criminology

Academia Letters, 2021

Does the Provision for Irish Prisoners to Keep in Contact With the Outside Environment Require Reform

The Role and Approach of the European Court of Human Rights in the Protection of Core Human Rights and in Deferring to the Judgment of States under the European Convention on Human Rights

Do Irish courts and the European Court of Human Rights Have Achieved the Correct Balance Between Protection of the Rights of Individual Prisoners and Pragmatic Concerns Regarding the Proper Functioning of the Prison System

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License ... more This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License Do Irish courts and the European Court of Human Rights have achieved the correct balance between protection of the rights of individual prisoners and pragmatic concerns regarding the proper functioning of the prison system.

Determinants of the Irish bail system before and after 1997

The jurisdiction of the Irish Courts in the protection of the constitutional rights of a person accused of a crime

Berski, A. (2016) The jurisdiction of the Irish Courts in the protection of the constitutional ri... more

Internal Disciplinary Procedures – Internet and Social Media. Dilemmas of Bilateral Relations

Problematic aspects of Victims of Crime in Criminology.

Academia Letters, 2021

Situation analysis and introductory remarks. Victims' research problems occupy a prominent place ... more Situation analysis and introductory remarks. Victims' research problems occupy a prominent place in criminology. It is important to emphasise that the criminological literature defines victimology as a dynamic discipline. Based on a survey from the Central Statistics Office (2010), the activity of crimes were reduced between 2006 and 2010, which means that the number of victims were also reduced. 1 It means that "prevention" tools work properly. The CSO survey additionally raised another interesting research problem: the fear of being a victim of crime. These aspects will be examined in this essay. The main research goal of this dissertation is to analyse problematic aspects of Victims of Crime in Criminology. It also attempts to answer the question: are the victim's rights properly protected in the Republic of Ireland and do these rights need to be reformed? The first chapter includes definitions and concept of victims. Especially, it tries to analyse what means Victimless Crime and provides the types of victims. In the end of the first chapter, there is an attempt to present the already mentioned problem of fear and the associated factors. It needs to be emphasised that criminological problems of victims of crime should be analysed in the perspective of victimology research (Latin: Victim and Greek: Logosscience). Victimology is the study of victimization and victims in the context of the Justice System. 2

Which Doctrine has had the Bigger Impact on EU law, Direct Effect or Supremacy

The doctrines of the supremacy of the European Union (EU) and of the direct effect of EU law are ... more The doctrines of the supremacy of the European Union (EU) and of the direct effect of EU law are both based on the competence of the EU . The EU can act only within the limits of its competence, and has them only as much as entrusted its Member States. Before this state of affairs, the competences of the EU were regulated by Articles 5 and 7 of the Treaty Establishing the European Community (Consolidated Version, 2002)[1]:

The Community shall act within the limits of the powers conferred upon it by this Treaty and of the objectives assigned to it therein[…]The tasks entrusted to the Community shall be carried out by the following institutions:[…] Each institution shall act within the limits of the powers conferred upon it by this Treaty.

The current treaties are linked to the above rules. For example, Article 4 in paragraph 1 of the Consolidated Version of the Treaty on EU states that: “In accordance with Article 5, competences not conferred upon the Union in the Treaties remain with the Member States”[2].

The main purpose of this essay is to analyse which doctrine has had the bigger impact on EU law: direct effect or supremacy. The essay consists of an introductory section which sets the context, three chapters and a list of sources.

The first chapter analyses and interprets the doctrine of the supremacy of EU law. It provides a clear definition of the doctrine of supremacy, supported by relevant case law. In addition, it presents a historic account of the determination of the supremacy doctrine.

Determinants of the doctrine of the direct effect of EU law is the topic of the second chapter. In this section, the author explains the mechanism of the doctrine of the direct effect and outlines the conditions for direct effect. Finally, it provides information regarding the monist and dualist systems of law ,and the difference between the vertical and horizontal effects.

The third chapter interprets the results and attempts to answer to the question: “Which doctrine has had the bigger impact on EU law, direct effect or supremacy?” This question is answered by using the integral methodology of research, recognised within the social sciences and law. In this instance, the comparative method was relevant to presenting the bilateral relations between both doctrines and their impacts.

[1] Treaty establishing the European Community (Consolidated version 2002), Official Journal C 325, 24/12/2002 P. 0033 – 0184.

[2] Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union, Official Journal C 326 , 26/10/2012 P. 0001 – 0390.

Recommended Citation
Berski, A. (2016)Which doctrine has had the bigger impact on EU law, direct effect or supremacy? Report prepared for School of Languages, Law and Social Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, 2016.

Does the Provision for Irish Prisoners to Keep in Contact With the Outside Environment Require Reform

The law of the Republic of Ireland provides that prisoners’ maintain rights in order to conduct c... more

Bail system in Ireland

Поляки в Казахстане как элемент казахско – польских билатеральных отношений

Facta Simonidis, Dec 30, 2012

Małgorzata Samulak-Piłat presented in his books an alternative for conducting warfare. In Dorsai ... more Małgorzata Samulak-Piłat presented in his books an alternative for conducting warfare. In Dorsai series he argued that a soldier's most important features were honour, courage, fitness, and control of the mind. His soldier was a brilliant tactician and strategist capable of winning a battle without engaging into a direct contact with the enemy. What is more, his soldier was fit, competent, disciplined and equipped with the inner strength of controlling his own body. What Dickson wanted to show, was that unnecessary bloodshed could be avoided during war and a soldier did not have to be a thoughtless killing machine for carrying orders but an honourable, well trained and proficient military man who did not have to be overwhelmed with state-of-the-art technology. According to him a war did not have to end up with thousands of casualties and a battle did not have to be decided in the field but by tactical manoeuvres. In his books he proved that a small force of perfectly skilled mercenaries was enough to win the battle, without the necessity of using hundreds of less skilled men. And above all, for him, a soldier did not have to be a thoughtless killing machine for carrying orders but a just, honourable and proficient military man who did not have to be overwhelmed with high technology, as his strength laid in his muscles and in his control of the mind and body. Although his writings have passed with little attention from critics he still remained a silent giant of military SF.

Determinants of the Irish bail system before and after 1997

The Role and Approach of the European Court of Human Rights in the Protection of Core Human Rights and in Deferring to the Judgment of States under the European Convention on Human Rights

Which Doctrine has had the Bigger Impact on EU law, Direct Effect or Supremacy?

The jurisdiction of the Irish Courts in the protection of the constitutional rights of a person accused of a crime

Berski, A. (2016) The jurisdiction of the Irish Courts in the protection of the constitutional ri... more

Do Irish courts and the European Court of Human Rights Have Achieved the Correct Balance Between Protection of the Rights of Individual Prisoners and Pragmatic Concerns Regarding the Proper Functioning of the Prison System

Problematic aspects of Victims of Crime in Criminology

Academia letters, Jun 11, 2021

Does the Provision for Irish Prisoners to Keep in Contact With the Outside Environment Require Reform

Which Doctrine has had the Bigger Impact on EU law, Direct Effect or Supremacy?

Problematic aspects of Victims of Crime in Criminology

Academia Letters, 2021

Does the Provision for Irish Prisoners to Keep in Contact With the Outside Environment Require Reform

The Role and Approach of the European Court of Human Rights in the Protection of Core Human Rights and in Deferring to the Judgment of States under the European Convention on Human Rights

Do Irish courts and the European Court of Human Rights Have Achieved the Correct Balance Between Protection of the Rights of Individual Prisoners and Pragmatic Concerns Regarding the Proper Functioning of the Prison System

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License ... more This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License Do Irish courts and the European Court of Human Rights have achieved the correct balance between protection of the rights of individual prisoners and pragmatic concerns regarding the proper functioning of the prison system.

Determinants of the Irish bail system before and after 1997

The jurisdiction of the Irish Courts in the protection of the constitutional rights of a person accused of a crime

Berski, A. (2016) The jurisdiction of the Irish Courts in the protection of the constitutional ri... more

Internal Disciplinary Procedures – Internet and Social Media. Dilemmas of Bilateral Relations

Problematic aspects of Victims of Crime in Criminology.

Academia Letters, 2021

Situation analysis and introductory remarks. Victims' research problems occupy a prominent place ... more Situation analysis and introductory remarks. Victims' research problems occupy a prominent place in criminology. It is important to emphasise that the criminological literature defines victimology as a dynamic discipline. Based on a survey from the Central Statistics Office (2010), the activity of crimes were reduced between 2006 and 2010, which means that the number of victims were also reduced. 1 It means that "prevention" tools work properly. The CSO survey additionally raised another interesting research problem: the fear of being a victim of crime. These aspects will be examined in this essay. The main research goal of this dissertation is to analyse problematic aspects of Victims of Crime in Criminology. It also attempts to answer the question: are the victim's rights properly protected in the Republic of Ireland and do these rights need to be reformed? The first chapter includes definitions and concept of victims. Especially, it tries to analyse what means Victimless Crime and provides the types of victims. In the end of the first chapter, there is an attempt to present the already mentioned problem of fear and the associated factors. It needs to be emphasised that criminological problems of victims of crime should be analysed in the perspective of victimology research (Latin: Victim and Greek: Logosscience). Victimology is the study of victimization and victims in the context of the Justice System. 2

Which Doctrine has had the Bigger Impact on EU law, Direct Effect or Supremacy

The doctrines of the supremacy of the European Union (EU) and of the direct effect of EU law are ... more The doctrines of the supremacy of the European Union (EU) and of the direct effect of EU law are both based on the competence of the EU . The EU can act only within the limits of its competence, and has them only as much as entrusted its Member States. Before this state of affairs, the competences of the EU were regulated by Articles 5 and 7 of the Treaty Establishing the European Community (Consolidated Version, 2002)[1]:

The Community shall act within the limits of the powers conferred upon it by this Treaty and of the objectives assigned to it therein[…]The tasks entrusted to the Community shall be carried out by the following institutions:[…] Each institution shall act within the limits of the powers conferred upon it by this Treaty.

The current treaties are linked to the above rules. For example, Article 4 in paragraph 1 of the Consolidated Version of the Treaty on EU states that: “In accordance with Article 5, competences not conferred upon the Union in the Treaties remain with the Member States”[2].

The main purpose of this essay is to analyse which doctrine has had the bigger impact on EU law: direct effect or supremacy. The essay consists of an introductory section which sets the context, three chapters and a list of sources.

The first chapter analyses and interprets the doctrine of the supremacy of EU law. It provides a clear definition of the doctrine of supremacy, supported by relevant case law. In addition, it presents a historic account of the determination of the supremacy doctrine.

Determinants of the doctrine of the direct effect of EU law is the topic of the second chapter. In this section, the author explains the mechanism of the doctrine of the direct effect and outlines the conditions for direct effect. Finally, it provides information regarding the monist and dualist systems of law ,and the difference between the vertical and horizontal effects.

The third chapter interprets the results and attempts to answer to the question: “Which doctrine has had the bigger impact on EU law, direct effect or supremacy?” This question is answered by using the integral methodology of research, recognised within the social sciences and law. In this instance, the comparative method was relevant to presenting the bilateral relations between both doctrines and their impacts.

[1] Treaty establishing the European Community (Consolidated version 2002), Official Journal C 325, 24/12/2002 P. 0033 – 0184.

[2] Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union, Official Journal C 326 , 26/10/2012 P. 0001 – 0390.

Recommended Citation
Berski, A. (2016)Which doctrine has had the bigger impact on EU law, direct effect or supremacy? Report prepared for School of Languages, Law and Social Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, 2016.

Does the Provision for Irish Prisoners to Keep in Contact With the Outside Environment Require Reform

The law of the Republic of Ireland provides that prisoners’ maintain rights in order to conduct c... more

Bail system in Ireland