wp_create_nav_menu( string $menu_name ): int|WP_Error

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   Codex 10 years ago

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   Basic Example

   To check if a menu exists first and then create it if it doesn’t exists, and finally add menu items to it, use:

   // Check if the menu exists
   $menu_name   = 'My First Menu';
   $menu_exists = wp_get_nav_menu_object( $menu_name );
   
   // If it doesn't exist, let's create it.
   if ( ! $menu_exists ) {
       $menu_id = wp_create_nav_menu($menu_name);
   
   	// Set up default menu items
       wp_update_nav_menu_item( $menu_id, 0, array(
           'menu-item-title'   =>  __( 'Home', 'textdomain' ),
           'menu-item-classes' => 'home',
           'menu-item-url'     => home_url( '/' ), 
           'menu-item-status'  => 'publish'
   	) );
   
       wp_update_nav_menu_item( $menu_id, 0, array(
           'menu-item-title'  =>  __( 'Custom Page', 'textdomain' ),
           'menu-item-url'    => home_url( '/custom/' ), 
           'menu-item-status' => 'publish'
   	) );
   }