Ciencias Sociales y Humanas.

There is a political impasse in Manipur, though the Indian State prefers to use the expression, "law and order" to describe the never-ending conflict situation. The tiny state, more than any other states of the Northeast India, has been experiencing one of the longest armed movements in South Asia. As a result, there has been a situation of political impasse between the armed opposition groups demanding independence from India and the Indian State. This has resulted to violation of human rights, loss of lives, property and destruction of human security itself. In order to come out of the impasse, the India State have been following two paths, first informed by militarism and secondly, a developmentalist or the modernist path. However, both the strategies have failed to yield any tangible result or success so far.

This paper discusses the politics of India's nationalising policies towards the 'region' called the 'north-eastern region' in general, and Manipur in particular, of the post-colonial Indian state. Such policies are informed by a two-pronged strategy, the first by militarism and the second by what I identify as developmentalism. This strategy stresses the unilateral nature of India's nation-building projects, and how it has deliberately or inadvertently brought dissatisfaction among the native population when they have unmasked the disruptive substance of nation-building approach to this hinterland.

Human trafficking is one of the fastest growing illegal trades in the world which affects both developed and developing countries alike. This book has come to see the light of the day at this crucial juncture when the issue of human trafficking is rising all over the country. The northeast region of the country, particularly Manipur has been a fertile ground for child trafficking having source, transit and destination.
With rich material sources and insightful analysis, it primarily focuses on the issues and challenges in combating child trafficking in the NE region of India, particularly of Manipur, which shares a long and porous international boundery with Myanmar.

Page 1. An Experimental Usability Study for Augmented Reality Technologies in the Tourist Sector Aurkene Alzua-Sorzabaf Maria Teresa Linaza'' Marina Abad' " Faculty of Humanities, San Sebastian Campus Deusto University ...

conceived to be used in museums and exhibitions, due to its compatibility with traditional museum showcases, offering additional information to the public by means of a simple, direct and intuitive interface. This paper presents the real implementation and usability evaluation of a Virtual Showcase passive-stereo prototype exhibited in a museum for three months. Some results concerning the evaluation process have also been included. Although the technology seems to be promising, implementation aspects such as size should be improved.

EuskaraElkarlanean idatzitako artikulu honen abiapuntua 2015eko IkerGazte kongresuaren izen bereko mahai-inguruan kokatzen da, non ikerlariei haien ikerketa esparru eta esperientziatik bost galdera komunei erantzuteko eskatu zitzaien. Ondorengo orrialdeetan lau hizlarien proposamenak jasotzen dira, labur, eta ondoren bakoitzak besteen proposamenei erantzuteko tartea hartu du. Mahai-ingurua oinarri hartuta hiztun berriak eta euskararen biziberritzea aztergai dituzten ikerlari eta ikerketa lerroen arteko hausnarketa komun bat abiarazi eta etorkizunerako lankidetza aukerak bultzatu nahi izan da elkarrizketari bidea zabaltzeko asmoz. EnglishThe starting point of this article written in collaboration is the roundtable discussion bearing the same name as the 2015 IkerGazte conference. In it, researchers were asked to respond to five common questions from the fields and experiences of their research. This article briefly covers the proposals of the four speakers and that is followed by sho...

Lan honen berregintza, banaketa, komunikazio publiko edo moldaketaren bat egiteko, ezinbestekoa da egileen baimena izatea, legeak ezarritako salbuespenetan izan ezik. Lan honen atalen bat fotokopiatu edo eskaneatu behar izanez gero, jo ezazu CEDROra (Centro Español de Derechos Reprográficos, www.cedro.org).

This article presents the project «Towards a Joint Construction of Future Scenarios of Basque». The project had two aims: to help shape the new phase of pro-Basque move-ment for the next decades, and to design a new interpretative framework to comprehend and develop the revitalization process of Basque. We will describe the theoretical and methodological basis of the new framework, which we have named the KOHiKoGa Model (acronym for the development of the linguistic community based on community capitals), and will explain how the project was carried out. Finally, we will suggest that this new framework is an appropriate tool for the revitalization of Basque at the micro level. Lan honetan «Euskararen Etorkizuneko Eszenarioak Elkarrekin Eraikitzen» (e5) egi-tasmoa aurkeztuko da. e5 bi helburu nagusiren inguruan ardaztu zen: batetik, hurren-go hamarkadetarako euskalgintzaren aro berria konfiguratzen laguntzea, eta bestetik, euskararen biziberritze prozesua ulertzeko eta garatzeko mark...

The number of Basque speakers has grown considerably in the last 40 years, due largely to the rising number of new speakers, or euskaldunberris, defined here as those people who have learned the language through any means other than family transmission. Although new Basque speakers constitute a strategic group for the future development of the language, until now no detailed study of this collective had been attempted. In this article we present the results of research into the perceived linguistic identities of new Basque speakers, exploring the participants' reasons for assigning themselves to one of three principal categories: euskaldun zaharra (native speaker), euskaldunberri (new speaker) and euskaldun (Basque speaker). It is argued that these categories reflect identities that can be situated in a continuum of authenticity that, in turn, correlates with the speakers' self-perception as legitimate speakers of Basque.

The number of Basque speakers has grown considerably in the last 40 years, due largely to the rising number of new speakers, or euskaldunberris, defined here as those people who have learned the language through any means other than family transmission. Although new Basque speakers constitute a strategic group for the future development of the language, until now no detailed study of this collective had been attempted. In this article we present the results of research into the perceived linguistic identities of new Basque speakers, exploring the participants' reasons for assigning themselves to one of three principal categories: euskaldun zaharra (native speaker), euskaldunberri (new speaker) and euskaldun (Basque speaker). It is argued that these categories reflect identities that can be situated in a continuum of authenticity that, in turn, correlates with the speakers' self-perception as legitimate speakers of Basque.

The increase in Basque speakers in the last 30 years has been due in large part to ‘new speakers’ or euskaldunberri, a term that will be used here to refer to those who have learned the language by means other than family transmission. While very significant in numbers, to date this group has not been the object of much study. Little is known about their attitudes and motivations, how they perceive themselves as Basque speakers, or their language use and transmission patterns. Acquiring answers to these questions is of strategic importance for developing an effective evidence-based language policy for the future. This article presents the results of a qualitative study of new speakers. Drawing on data from focus groups and interviews, the central goal of the article is to examine how new speakers of differing profiles perceive and locate themselves with respect to the popularly used labels for “new” and “native” Basque speakers and the ideologies of authenticity and legitimacy that ...

The handling of linguistic diversity in the Basque Autonomous Community has been an area of constant political debate since the establishment of the Basque-Spanish co-official linguistic regime and the introduction of a process to revitalize Euskara (the Basque language) in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Much of that debate has materialized in claims related to the language rights of citizens. This paper analyzes discourses about language rights in three political organizations, the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV), the Abertzale Left (Ezker Abertzalea), and the Popular Party (PP), through an analysis of their electoral programs for the Basque Parliament from the first elections to the present day (1980-2016). Although the linguistic system of the Basque Autonomous Community seems consolidated, the analysis has shown that policy proposals are profoundly conditioned by the form of understanding language rights and that these in turn are influenced by distinct national projects. EAJ-PNV advocates for an effective equal opportunity to choose between Spanish and Basque in all spheres of use, motivated by its ethnocultural conception of the Basque Nation. The Ezker Abertzalea demands the right to live in Basque throughout the Basque Country with Basque as the common language of its plurilingual state project. The PP focuses on the negative side of language rights based on the common language status of Spanish and the right of citizens to remain monolingual in Spanish.