Papers by Mehdi Vatanpour
PubMed, 2017
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate root canal anatomy of mandibular first molars... more Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate root canal anatomy of mandibular first molars (MFM) in a selected Iranian Population using clearing technique. Methods and materials: A total of 150 extracted MFMs were cleared. The root canal morphology (including the root numbers and root length) and the anatomy of the root canal system (including is the number and type of canals based on Vertucci's classification, canal curvature according to Schneider's method and the presence of isthmus) was evaluated using the buccolingual and mesiodistal parallel x-rays and stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Two and three roots were present in 96.7% and 33% of the teeth, respectively (P=0.0001). All the teeth (100%) had two canals in the mesial root, while 61.3% of the samples had one distal root canal (P=0.006). The root canal configuration in the mesial canal included type IV (55.3%) and type II (41.3%) (P=0.0001). In doubled-canalled distal roots, 68.8% and 24.3% were type II and type IV, respectively (P=0.0001). Isthmii were observed in 44.6% of mesial and 27.3% of distal roots (P=0.0001). Conclusion: The notable prevalence of type IV configuration in both roots of mandibular first molars, presence of isthmus and root curvature, necessitates the careful negotiation and cleaning of all accessible canal spaces.
PubMed, 2013
Introduction: Removal of root filling materials is one of the key steps in success of root canal ... more Introduction: Removal of root filling materials is one of the key steps in success of root canal retreatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of H-File and ProTaper with or without chloroform in the removal of gutta-percha during retreatment of mandibular premolars. Materials and methods: Sixty mandibular premolars with one canal, and curvatures less than 30 degrees were used in this experimental study. They were instrumented with K-files and laterally obturated with condensed gutta-percha using AH26 as the sealer and were stored in 100% humidity at 37°C for 2 weeks. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 15 teeth each. Removal of gutta-percha was performed with H-File and ProTaper. All techniques were used with or without chloroform. The teeth were split longitudinally and the area of remaining gutta-percha/sealer on the root canal wall was explored under stereomicroscope. Retreatment time duration was also recorded for each sample. Data were analyzed statistically by Two-way ANOVA, t-test and Tukey's. Results: In all groups, no significant difference was found in remaining gutta-percha and sealer with or without using chloroform, but chloroform shortened the time of retreatment. ProTaper left significantly less remaining filling materials than H-File (P<0.05). Retreatment time was significantly different between the studied groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: ProTaper Ni-Ti instruments proved to be more efficient and time-saving devices for removal of gutta-percha compared to H-File in canals with no or slight curvature.
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Jun 1, 2019
Background and Aim: Long term success in endodontic therapy is attributed to removal and debridem... more Background and Aim: Long term success in endodontic therapy is attributed to removal and debridement of intracanal microorganisms. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effects calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), triple antibiotic paste (TAP), photodynamic therapy(PDT), toluidine blue(TOL), light emitting diode (LED) and 940nm diode laser (DL) on the biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans in the root canal system of ex-vivo human teeth. Materials & Methods: 84 intact,
Aims: Mandibular incisors are the smallest teeth in the mouth. They have thin roots with concavit... more Aims: Mandibular incisors are the smallest teeth in the mouth. They have thin roots with concavities and are very important for aesthetic and also for speaking. Due to their narrow internal anatomy, preparing the root canal and post space might be very difficult and endangers them for root wall perforation or fracture. The aim of this study was to measure the root thickness of mandibular incisors. Methods: Root wall thicknesses of eighty mandibular incisors were measured in four sections including the CEJ, 3 mm apical to the CEJ, 4 mm and one mm coronal to the apex and in buccal, lingual and proximal surfaces of concavity areas, using a stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed by repeated measured ANOVA and paired t-test. Results: Buccal surface of the buccal canals and lingual surface of the lingual canals in double-canalled incisors had the greatest root thicknesses compare to the proximal surfaces. Root thickness of single-canalled root was more than of double-canalled ones. Proximal walls had the least root thicknesses in all the sections especially in section 4, at 1 mm from the apex, which was less than 1 mm. Conclusion: In order to avoid technical mishaps during root canal procedures, attention must be paid to the thin concavity proximal walls using anticurvature flaring and also in selection of proper size of master apical file.
Journal of Dental Medicine, Dec 10, 2015
Background and Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between... more Background and Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between study skills and academic performance of dental students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: 195 dental students at dental faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2013 participated in this descriptive-analytical study. Data were collected using Congos´Study Skills Inventory including six subscales. Grade Point Average (GPA) indicated their academic performance. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: The mean score of students' study skills were 108 out of 200 with standard deviation of 22.06±0.7. Note taking had a significant correlation with GPA (P=0.015). Conclusion: Since no significant correlation between study skills and academic performance of the students was observed, it seems that there are other dynamics involved in their academic performance which have to be examined.
... ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ زا ﺲﭘ ًﺎـﻘﻴﻗد ﺎـﻬﻫوﺮﮔ زا ﻚـﻳﺮﻫ رد ﺎـﻫ ﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻖﺒﻃ ﺎ ﻪﺋارا ار رﻮﻛﺬﻣ شور ﻪﻛ... more ... ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ زا ﺲﭘ ًﺎـﻘﻴﻗد ﺎـﻬﻫوﺮﮔ زا ﻚـﻳﺮﻫ رد ﺎـﻫ ﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻖﺒﻃ ﺎ ﻪﺋارا ار رﻮﻛﺬﻣ شور ﻪﻛ ن دﺮﻛ ﻞـﻤﻋ ﺪـﻧدﻮﺑ ه ﺪــﻳدﺮﮔ . يﺎــﻬﻫوﺮﮔ رد ﻪــﺘﺒﻟا 1 و 2 ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻖــﺒﻃ ، Omer و نارﺎــﻜﻤﻫ )5 ( ﻪــﻧﻮﻤﻧ تﺪــﻣ ﻪــﺑ ﺪــﻳﺎﺑ ﺎــﻫ ﺖﺸــﻫ د زور ﺪﻴــﺳا ر ﻚﻳرﺪﻳﺮﻠﻛ 10 % ﻲﻣ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ رد ﺎﻣا ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ زا ﺲﭘ 48 ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ هﺪـﺷ ﻲـﺷﻼﺘﻣ ﺎﻫ مﺎﺠﺴـﻧا و ﺪـﻧا ...
Res Dent Sci, Jan 15, 2015
Background and Aim: : Revascularization therapy by using Platelet-Rich Fibrin can be a suitable c... more Background and Aim: : Revascularization therapy by using Platelet-Rich Fibrin can be a suitable choice for revitalization of immature necrotic teeth as it improves root formation process, thickening of dentinal walls and apical closure. Case Presentation: A 13-year-old girl with a history of trauma in tooth #21 and signs of pulp necrosis referred to the endodontics department of faculty of dentistry of Islamic Azad University. Intraoral radiograph showed immature root with open apex and periapical rarefaction. Access cavity was prepared and the root canal was irrigated with 20 ml of 1/25% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes and with normal saline. Equal proportions of Ciprofloxacin (tablet, 500mg), Metronidazole (tablet, 500mg) and Cefaclor (capsule, 500mg) were mixed and placed inside root canal for 4 weeks. Then, the canal was irrigated with 17% EDTA. 8 ml of patient's whole blood was centrifuged for preparation of PRF clot. PRF clot was placed inside the root canal up to CEJ level. MTA of 3mm thickness was placed directly over the PRF clot and tooth was temporarily restored. After 3 days, the tooth was double sealed with Glass Ionomer cement and composite resin. Clinical examinations at 1, 3 and 6 months after, revealed the resolution of periapical lesion, further root development and apical closure. Conclusion: PRF clot is an ideal scaffold for regenerative endodontic therapy in necrotic immature teeth as it contains growth factors and can enhance cellular proliferation and differentiation of stem cells.
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Sep 1, 2022
OBJECTIVES This study compared the effects of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser... more OBJECTIVES This study compared the effects of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser with the shockwave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) protocol and the conventional needle irrigation (CNI) on extrusion of irrigants through the root apex of molar teeth with different apical diameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this ex vivo experimental study, access cavities were prepared in 120 extracted maxillary and mandibular molars in 12 groups of conventional needle irrigation (CNI), auto-SWEEPS, ultra-short pulse (USP), and super-short pulse (SSP), each with 0.25, 0.4 and 0.8 mm apical diameters (n=10). The root canals were prepared and mounted in resin blocks. Periodontal pressure was simulated by a capillary tube of water in the apex. The volume of extruded irrigant was quantified spectrophotometrically, and analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Apical extrusion in CNI was the same in the three apical diameters, and was maximum compared with others groups. The amount of extruded irrigant through the apex was different among the three apical diameters in auto-SWEEPS (P=0.002) and USP (P=0.001) modes. The SSP mode caused maximum extrusion of irrigant with no significant difference among different apical diameters (P=0.681) followed by auto-SWEEPS. The USP mode caused the lowest extrusion in 0.25 mm diameter (P=0.006). In auto-SWEEPS, 0.25 mm diameter had a significant difference with 0.8 mm. In USP, 0.25 mm had a significant difference with 0.4 and 0.8 mm diameters. In 0.25 mm, USP and SSP (P<0.05), and USP and auto-SWEEPS (P<0.05) had significant differences. In 0.4 mm, only SSP and USP had a significant difference (P<0.05). CONCLUSION CNI with a 27-gauge needle caused greater irrigant extrusion than the SWEEPS modes. The USP mode caused minimum extrusion of irrigant.
Journal of research in dental and maxillofacial sciences, Oct 1, 2017
Background and Aim: The Gow-Gates (GG) block and the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) can be ... more Background and Aim: The Gow-Gates (GG) block and the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) can be used interchangeably for anesthetizing mandibular molars. The aim of this study was to compare these two injections in root canal therapy of mandibular molars with regard to heart rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation (BOS) changes. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients between the ages of 18-70 years having mandibular molars on both sides of their jaw and in need of root canal therapy were recruited after signing a consent form. The patients' HR and BOS were measured 5 minutes before and immediately, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes after injection by using a pulse oximeter. Paired t-test and Friedman test were used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: This study was done on 30 patients (60 teeth). The results of HR and BOS showed no significant differences between the two injection techniques (P=0.6 and 0.7, respectively). Also, HR and BOS in each group were not significantly changed during the follow-ups (P=0.7 and 0.6, respectively). Conclusion: According to the results, IANB and GG block by using 2% lidocaine and 1:80000 epinephrine had no significant different effects on HR and BOS.
Bioscience biotechnology research communications, Jun 25, 2017
Spiritual health is one of the aspects of health that is necessary to pay attention to this aspec... more Spiritual health is one of the aspects of health that is necessary to pay attention to this aspect. Spiritual health of the aged is associated with several factors which in particular may affect other aspects of their health; therefore, this study also sought to examine the relationship between spiritual health and self-effi cacy of health behaviors in the aged. In this study, statistical population was patients aged 60 years and older who were hospitalized in two hospitals affi liated with Isfahan University of medical sciences. The subjects were recruited through convenience sampling method. The data was collected by a three-part questionnaire consisted of a) demographic and health related characteristics, b) The Self Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale (SRAHP) and c) Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) and were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (mainly multiple regression analysis) in SPSS software. The subjects consisted of 210 participants (116 males, 93 females) with mean (SD) age of 72.5 (8.5) years. The results showed signifi cant relationship between health behaviors effi cacy and gender (t=2.44, df=207, p=.16), income (F 3,208 =5.8, P<.001) and education level (F 4,208 =9.25, P<.001). Findings showed that the entered predictor variables were accounted for 27% of total variance (R 2) of the health behaviors effi cacy (P<0.001, F 2, 207 =38.4). Spirituality may be an important explanatory factor of subjective health behavior effi cacy in older patients. Therefore, it is worthwhile for the health care professionals to take spiritual care into account as an important factor that may help the aged patients adopt healthy behaviors.
Journal of research in dental and maxillofacial sciences, Mar 1, 2017
Journal of research in dental and maxillofacial sciences, Oct 1, 2017
Background and Aim: Debris and the smear layer that remain after root canal preparations may resu... more Background and Aim: Debris and the smear layer that remain after root canal preparations may result in failure of root canal therapies. The aim of this study was to compare the smear layer formation and the amount of residual debris following the use of WaveOne and ProTaper rotary files in mesiobuccal root canals of upper first molars by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 34 mesiobuccal root canals of human maxillary first molars with 20°-40° curvatures (according to Schneider technique) were randomly distributed in two experimental groups (15 each) and two control groups. The canals in test groups were instrumented according to the manufacturers' instructions. Five ml of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 5 ml of normal saline were used as irrigants. The roots were split longitudinally, and apical, middle, and coronal radicular sections were randomly scanned by an SEM at ×1000 magnification. Two endodontists scored the data according to Schäfer and Schlingemann scoring system. Data of the amount of debris and smear layer were separately analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Although there was a slight difference in mean scores between the two groups (3.28 for WaveOne and 3.6 for ProTaper), no significant differences in debris amount were noted. The overall mean smear layer formation was not significantly different between the two groups (4.11 for WaveOne and 3.95 for ProTaper). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in remaining debris and smear layer in coronal, middle, and apical parts of root canals. However, ProTaper system appeared to produce less debris during preparation.
Journal of Dental Medicine, Jan 10, 2021
Article Info Background and Aims: Pulpal exposures originated from the external cervical root res... more Article Info Background and Aims: Pulpal exposures originated from the external cervical root resorptions have major effects on the treatment and prognosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was performed to compare the two different imaging systems-digital radiography with PSP (Photostimulable Phosphor) sensor in three horizontal different views and CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) images to assess the pulpal exposure in simulated cavity of external cervical root resorptions that was performed in 1398 in the School of Dentistry of Azad University. Materials and Methods: 40 intact maxilla anterior teeth with straight roots were included. Teeth were randomly divided to two groups (20 teeth with and 20 without pulpal exposures). Each sample was assessed using PSP digital radiography (in 3 horizontal angles) and CBCT image system, to detect the presence of pulpal exposures. False negative and false positive results in 2 imaging procedures were judged with ratio test. Results: The results showed in CBCT (P.P.V=85.7%) and (N.P.V=89.5%), and in digital intraoral radiography (P.P.V=80%) and (N.P.V=80%) in proximal defects. Ratio test showed that there were no significant differences in the proximal defects (P<0.4). Conclusion: The results showed that there were no significant differences in detection of exposure in the proximal surfaces between two imaging systems.
Journal of research in dental and maxillofacial sciences, Jul 1, 2016
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of Leder-mix® paste and gr... more Background and Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of Leder-mix® paste and green tea extract on the concentration of inflammatory mediators. Methods and Materials: In this in-vitro experimental study, first, the noncytotoxic concentrations of Ledermix® medicament and green tea extract were determined by MTT assay. Afterwards, the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α inflammatory mediators were assessed by ELISA test in the four experimental groups and also in the control group at different time intervals of 2, 24, and 48 hours and after 7 days. Oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis of the obtained raw data followed by Tukey's post-hoc test for pair comparisons. Results: The noncytotoxic concentration of green tea extract and Ledermix® paste equaled 12 µg/ml and 0.25 µg/ml, respectively. Time interval had no significant effect on the concentration of the mediators. Generally, both substances significantly decreased the concentration of IL-1β and IL-6 inflammatory mediators in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: Green tea extract is less cytotoxic and more biocompatible than Leder-mix® paste. Both Ledermix® paste and green tea extract expressed anti-inflammatory effects.
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Mar 1, 2022
BACKGROUND This study compared the effectiveness of three irrigation methods in removing smear la... more BACKGROUND This study compared the effectiveness of three irrigation methods in removing smear layer and debris in the presence of the fractured instrument. The three compared irrigation methods were conventional syringe irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation, and SWEEPS (Shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming) irrigation. METHODS AND MATERIALS Sixty-three permanent mandibular molars with moderate curvature were included in this experimental study. Mesiobuccal root canals were prepared with Race files (FKG Dentaire. Switzerland) up to #25, 4%. A #30, 6% Race file was used to simulate file fracture 3 mm short of working length. The prepared samples, randomly divided into three groups, and final irrigation was separately done in each group. Group 1 conventional syringe irrigation (CSI) as the control group, Group 2 passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and Group 3 Shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming or SWEEPS Irrigation (SI). Smear layer and debris removal beyond separated file scored with scanning electron microscope(SEM) images. Data were analyzed using the nonparametric tests to compare the smear layer and debris scores. RESULT SWEEPS and passive ultrasonic irrigation significantly removed smear layer and debris, better than conventional syringe irrigation (p<0.001). The smear layer and debris removal efficiency between passive ultrasonic Irrigation and SWEEPS were not significantly different (p=0.629). CONCLUSION In the face of the irretrievably broken instrument in the root canal, passive ultrasonic irrigation and the SWEEPS method can enhance smear layer and debris removal compared to conventional syringe irrigation.
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Journal of research in dental and maxillofacial sciences, Apr 1, 2018
Background and aim: Lack of proper assessment of students' knowledge regarding theoretical conten... more Background and aim: Lack of proper assessment of students' knowledge regarding theoretical contents leads to disappointment and negligence by weak students. This study assessed multiple-choice questions (MCQs) of oral and maxillofacial medicine courses in the first semester of the academic year 2014-2015. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, questions of theoretical oral medicine courses 1, 2, and 3 were assessed according to twelve items in Millman's checklist, including clearness of stem, negative option for stem, specific option, contrastive option, positive words in stem and options, writing structure of stem, duplicated option, the spelling of stem and options, vertically of options, positivity of stem and options, and use of "all of the above" and "none of the above" phrases in options. Difficulty and discrimination coefficients of each question and the rate of compliance with Millman's principles were evaluated using Excel 2007 and SPSS 16. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Regression analysis. Results: The responses of 219 students to 113 MCQs were evaluated. In theoretical course 1 with 40 MCQs, discrimination coefficient was 0.36±0.2, difficulty coefficient was 73.2±15.02, and correlation coefficient was 0.58. In theoretical course 2 with 35 MCQs, discrimination coefficient was 0.2±0.04, difficulty coefficient was 70.91±25.13, and correlation coefficient was 0.47. In theoretical course 3 with 38 MCQs, discrimination coefficient was 0.3±0.19, difficulty coefficient was 68.73±26.89, and correlation coefficient was 0.5. The percentage of compliance with Millman's principles was 81.88%, 83.58%, and 84.42% in courses 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Conclusion: The weakest discrimination coefficient was noted in theoretical oral medicine 2. The high percentage of simple difficulty coefficient in the three theoretical courses indicates the necessity of training faculty members in designing questions.
Res Dent Sci, Oct 15, 2016
BACKGROUND: Cleaning and shaping of root canal system requires various irrigating solutions. The ... more BACKGROUND: Cleaning and shaping of root canal system requires various irrigating solutions. The question is whether the presence of irrigation solution alters working length determination using apex locators. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of Root ZX and i-Root apex locator for determining working length in the presence of different irrigating solution. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Eighty extracted single rooted human teeth were used. The teeth were sectioned at Cemento Enamel Junction (CEJ) and actual canal length determined. Then, working length measurements were obtained using Root ZX and i-Root apex locator in the presence of irrigating solutions namely 0.9% saline, 3% of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine digluconate(CHX) and 17% Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (EDTA). The measurements obtained with Root ZX and i-Root apex locator were compared with actual canal length and subjected to statistical analysis using Post Hoc Test Tukey's Method. RESULTS: This study revealed that both the tested Electronic apex locators (EAL) were able to measure the canal length in the presence of tested irrigating solutions. The presence of irrigating solutions of saline, NaOCl, chlorhexidine and EDTA in the root canal marginally influenced the accuracy of the Root ZX or i-Root (P < 0.36), but with no clinical significance. CONCLUSION: Root ZX and i-Root can be used safely to determine working length in the presence of various irrigants. The content of the root canal did not influence the accuracy while measuring working length using Electronic apex locators (EAL)
Journal of Dentistry, Mar 1, 2009
Objective: Several studies have compared ferric sulfate and formocresol pulpotomy in primary mola... more Objective: Several studies have compared ferric sulfate and formocresol pulpotomy in primary molars. The results of these studies, however, could not be compared due to differences in evaluated outcomes (clinical, radiographic, or histologic) and follow up duration. The aim of the present study was a systematic review of similar studies and a metaanalysis of their results to provide the latest evidence on the issue. Materials and Methods: Web-based search was done in EMBASE, Cochrane, Pubmed, Google Scholar, IranMedex, Scientific Citation Index (SCI), and Scopus index databases. A hand search also was conducted in scientific and research dental journals approved by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran. Eight randomized clinical trial articles were selected. Clinical success, clinical and radiographic success, and total success rate were assessed as outcome variables. Peto test served for data analysis. Results: The clinical success of formocresol pulpotomy was comparable to that of ferric sulfate (P=0.574). In addition, the difference between total success rate of the two methods in different studies was insignificant (P=0.42). Conclusion: No significant difference existed between the total success rate of formocresol and ferric sulfate pulpotomy, and ferric sulfate can be an appropriate alternative for formocresol.
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Papers by Mehdi Vatanpour