This study focuses on soft boot snowboard bindings by looking at how users interact with their bi... more This study focuses on soft boot snowboard bindings by looking at how users interact with their binding and proposes a possible solution to overcome such issues. Snowboarding is a multibillion-dollar sport that has only reached mainstream in the last 30 years its levels of progression in technology have evolved in that time. However, snowboard bindings for the most part still consist of the same basic architecture in the last 20 years. This study was aimed at taking a user centric point of view and using additive manufacturing technologies to be able to generate a new snowboard binding that is completely adaptable to the user. The initial part of the study was a survey of 280 snowboarders focussing on preferences, style and habits. This survey was generated from over 15 nations with the vast majority of boarders on the snow for five to fifty days a year. Significant emphasis was placed on the relationship between boarder binding setup and occurrence of pain and/or injury. From the detailed survey it was found that boarder's experienced pain in the front foot/toe area as a result from the toe strap being too tight. However boarders wanted tighter bindings to increase responsiveness. Survey data was compared to ankle and foot biomechanics to build a relationship to assess the problem of pain versus responsiveness. The design stage of the study was to develop a binding that overcame the over-tightening of the binding but still maintain equivalent or better responsiveness compared to traditional bindings. The resulting design integrated the snowboard boot much more into the design, by using the sole as a "semi-rigid" platform and locking it in laterally between the heel cup and the new toe strap arrangement. The new design developed using additive manufacturing techniques was tested via qualitative and quantitative measures in the snow and in the lab. It was found that using the new arrangement in a system resulted in no loss of performance or responsiveness to the user. Due to the design and manufacturing approach users have the ability to customise the design to their specific needs.
The Illinois agility test is a timed task suitable for wheelchair sports with multidirectional mo... more The Illinois agility test is a timed task suitable for wheelchair sports with multidirectional movements and it is commonly used to evaluate the agility performance of athletes. In addition to test times, tangential velocities and turning radii are parameters of high importance in the assessment of agility performance. The main objective of this study is to develop a method that
This paper discusses design and fabrication processes in the development of a wearable and flexib... more This paper discusses design and fabrication processes in the development of a wearable and flexible conductive resistive sensor. The design and development of the sensor involve the use of SnAg -Cu (SAC) plated Nylon fabric, precision fused deposition modeling (FDM) using silicone and petrolatum for etch-resistant masks using the EnvisionTEC GmbH Bioplotter, and wet etching using Chromium, Ammonium Persulphate, and Salt-Vinegar etching solutions. Preliminary testing with other mask types, development processes, and sensor design approaches for various applications are discussed.
A number of methods have been used to make electronic medical microdevices biocompatible. This pa... more A number of methods have been used to make electronic medical microdevices biocompatible. This paper presents a novel approach for design and fabrication of biocompatible silicone enclosures for implantable medical microdevices. The approach involves design and formation of a 3D model of the enclosure using a computer-aided design software tool, followed by 3D printing of the enclosures using a bioplotter. Three different implantable enclosure designs are presented. The fabrication of the three enclosures is given. An evaluation of the suitability of the enclosures for implantation of a deep brain stimulation microdevice is discussed through submersion and operation tests. The evaluation results are presented and discussed.
Currently certain standards for consumer products are expected which are mainly based around func... more Currently certain standards for consumer products are expected which are mainly based around functionality, aesthetics, ease-ofuse, affordability, safety, etc. Currently, smarter products that meet the user' functional and psychological needs are in demand. This paper presents an approach that was effective in identifying and quantifying subjective requirements from customers during a design of a personalised cricket faceguard successfully translating the language of the customer into a visual representation of an artefact.
The effects of specific wheelchair design parameters on performance improvement in wheelchair rug... more The effects of specific wheelchair design parameters on performance improvement in wheelchair rugby in particular have not been described nor defined in research literature to date. The interaction between the wheelchair and the athlete is difficult to comprehend. With the aim of exploring the influence of wheelchair design variations on acceleration and velocity values for wheelchair rugby athletes, RMIT University research team has developed a purpose-built fully adjustable wheelchair frame for use with a wheelchair ergometer. These two instruments used in conjunction, allow valid and reliable data collection in controlled experiments. This paper presents a case study describing a novel method developed for quantitative analysis of the effects of variations of vertical and horizontal seat, and wheelchair camber angle on the performance of an elite athlete during wheelchair propulsion on a static ergometer.
Competitive wheelchair sport performance is dependent on three factors: the athlete, the wheelcha... more Competitive wheelchair sport performance is dependent on three factors: the athlete, the wheelchair, and the interaction between the athlete and the wheelchair (Goosey-Tolfrey, 2010, “Supporting the Paralympic Athlete: Focus on Wheeled Sports,” Disabil Rehabil., 32(26), pp. 2237–2243). In order to effectively refine the user interphase design of the wheelchair, it is essential to narrow down the key dimensions within the design space, which are likely to have an effect on the performance of an individual athlete. This paper provides a case study analysis of the test data obtained from five elite wheelchair rugby athletes, using a purpose-built adjustable wheelchair on a wheelchair ergometer. Four design factors (wheel diameter, camber angle, seat height, and camber bar depth) were tested at incremental dimensional levels to the athlete's current chair configuration; and tests were performed according to an L9 Taguchi orthogonal array. The case study analyzes acceleration, veloci...
In wheelchair racing, the optimal pair of gloves, as well as knowledge of conditioning of glove-r... more In wheelchair racing, the optimal pair of gloves, as well as knowledge of conditioning of glove-rim contact surfaces can have a significant impact on race performance. Extreme temperatures, humidity, wet or dry conditions can considerably influence not only the hand-rim friction coupling (effectiveness of the athlete's push cycle) but also the risk of injuries, blisters or sore areas which in turn, can influence the endurance of the athlete across long distance events. This paper reports an experimental study of the effect of bio-mimicry surface textures as a supplement for heightening glove-rim coupling for dry and wet weather conditions. The paper also provides recommendations for the practical implementation of the study findings through a proposal for the design and development of a pair of bespoke gloves for a wheelchair racing athlete for initial prototyping and performance trials.
There is great benefit for small medium enterprises (SMEs) and startups to utilize lead users in ... more There is great benefit for small medium enterprises (SMEs) and startups to utilize lead users in product development. By utilizing lead users companies can make products that are more commercially attractive and better accepted in the market. However, identifying lead users has traditionally been a difficult and expensive task. In the past, lead users have been found through time consuming personal networking, telephone interviews, mail questionnaires and data mining of often large user bases. This paper proposes that identification can be made more efficient by adapting some of these techniques, through taking a digital approach using existing social media communities such as those on Facebook. It is proposed that using social media application programming interfaces (APIs) could allow what used to be reserved for large multinationals, could be made accessible to SMEs and startup companies without extensive resources.
This study is designed to understand post-exercise comfort perceptions by exploring the relations... more This study is designed to understand post-exercise comfort perceptions by exploring the relationship between users and garments. Influenced by new technologies from fibres, manufacturing techniques, and surface coatings athletic apparel is changing. These technologies can influence the quality of daily pursuits, and by assessing psychological and physiological responses to physical activity, it's possible to optimise garment performance. To that end, this paper presents a qualitative and quantitative analysis of thermal regulation and comfort perceptions within a controlled laboratory environment. A group of eleven healthy athletic female participants performed a twenty-minute high-intensity interval training running session (HIIT) and subsequent transition activity period. Participants had vitals monitored and were periodically prompted with specific questions to gauge their perceptions of effort, temperature, exertion, and comfort. The results suggest that perceptual differences are minor when evaluating apparel design during highintensity exercise, and perhaps the efforts of garment design optimization would be best placed in an immediately subsequent activity type.
International Journal of Rapid Manufacturing, 2016
A variety of different approaches have been employed to enable implantation of electronic medical... more A variety of different approaches have been employed to enable implantation of electronic medical microdevices. A novel method of producing low-cost, rapidly fabricated implantable enclosures from biocompatible silicone is presented in this paper. This method utilises 3D computer-aided design software to design and model the enclosures prior to fabrication. The enclosures are then fabricated through additive manufacturing from biocompatible silicone using a 3D bioprinter. In this paper, four different implantable enclosure designs are presented. A prototyping stage with three different prototypes is described, these prototype enclosures are then evaluated through submersion and operation tests. A final design is developed in response to the obtained results, and then evaluated in a long term temperature controlled submersion test. The evaluation results are presented and discussed. Several areas of future works are identified and discussed.
IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 2015
Research is being conducted on the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for ther... more Research is being conducted on the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for therapeutic effects, and also on the mechanisms through which such therapeutic effects are mediated. A bottleneck in the progress of the research has been the large size of the existing tDCS systems which prevents subjects from performing their daily activities. To help research into the principles, mechanisms, and benefits of tDCS, reduction of size and weight, improvement in simplicity and user friendliness, portability, and programmability of tDCS systems are vital. This paper presents a design for a low-cost, light-weight, programmable, and portable tDCS device. The device is head-mountable, and can be concealed in a hat and worn on the head by the subject while receiving the stimulation. The strength of the direct current stimulation can be selected through a simple user interface. The device is constructed and its performance evaluated through bench and in-vivo tests. The tests validated the operation of the device in inducing neuromodulatory changes in primary motor cortex, M1, through measuring excitability of dominant M1 of resting right first dorsal interosseus muscle by transcranial magnetic stimulation induced motor evoked potentials. It was observed that the tDCS device induced comparable neuromodulatory effects in M1 as the existing bulky tDCS systems.
This paper addresses the methods used for the design and fabrication of a capacitance based weara... more This paper addresses the methods used for the design and fabrication of a capacitance based wearable pressure sensor fabricated using neoprene and (SAC) plated Nylon Fabric. The experimental set up for the pressure sensor is comprised of a shielded grid of sensing modules, a 555 timer based transduction circuitry, and an Arduino board measuring the frequency of signal to a corresponding pressure. The fundamental design parameters addressed during the development of the pressure sensor presented in this paper are based on size, simplicity, cost, adaptability, and scalability. The design approach adopted in this paper results in a sensor module that is less obtrusive, has a thinner and flexible profile, and its sensitivity is easily scalable for ‘smart’ product applications across industries associated to sports performance, ergonomics, rehabilitation, etc.
The state of the art in current wheelchair sports equipment design, demonstrates a steady progres... more The state of the art in current wheelchair sports equipment design, demonstrates a steady progression in the process of wheelchair design improvement and adaptation to purpose in order to suit different sporting disciplines and game roles. However, the pr
ABSTRACT This study was developed to understand the relationship between Product Design Engineeri... more ABSTRACT This study was developed to understand the relationship between Product Design Engineering education and Product Design Engineers in industry. It is the intention of the authors to communicate data gathered from Product Design Engineering graduates from Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne, Australia, to better determine the roles and responsibilities of a Product Design Engineer in the workforce. This information provides a learning platform for other Product Design Engineering programs, as well as create a greater understanding in industry as to what a Product Design Engineer can contribute to product development or manufacturing industries. The overall objective of this research is to continually improve Product Design Engineering education around the world to align closely with industry expectations and to differentiate Product Design Engineers from Industrial Designers and Mechanical Engineers. With this aim, a focus group and survey-based data collection of Product Design Engineering graduates was completed to provide a greater understanding of the roles a Product Design Engineer has in a professional context.
This paper discusses design and fabrication processes in the development of a wearable and flexib... more This paper discusses design and fabrication processes in the development of a wearable and flexible conductive resistive sensor. The design and development of the sensor involve the use of SnAg -Cu (SAC) plated Nylon fabric, precision fused deposition modeling (FDM) using silicone and petrolatum for etch-resistant masks using the EnvisionTEC GmbH Bioplotter, and wet etching using Chromium, Ammonium Persulphate, and Salt-Vinegar etching solutions. Preliminary testing with other mask types, development processes, and sensor design approaches for various applications are discussed.
The effects of specific wheelchair design parameters on performance improvement in wheelchair rug... more The effects of specific wheelchair design parameters on performance improvement in wheelchair rugby in particular have not been described nor defined in research literature to date. The interaction between the wheelchair and the athlete is difficult to comprehend. With the aim of exploring the influence of wheelchair design variations on acceleration and velocity values for wheelchair rugby athletes, RMIT University research team has developed a purpose-built fully adjustable wheelchair frame for use with a wheelchair ergometer. These two instruments used in conjunction, allow valid and reliable data collection in controlled experiments. This paper presents a case study describing a novel method developed for quantitative analysis of the effects of variations of vertical and horizontal seat, and wheelchair camber angle on the performance of an elite athlete during wheelchair propulsion on a static ergometer.
This study focuses on soft boot snowboard bindings by looking at how users interact with their bi... more This study focuses on soft boot snowboard bindings by looking at how users interact with their binding and proposes a possible solution to overcome such issues. Snowboarding is a multibillion-dollar sport that has only reached mainstream in the last 30 years its levels of progression in technology have evolved in that time. However, snowboard bindings for the most part still consist of the same basic architecture in the last 20 years. This study was aimed at taking a user centric point of view and using additive manufacturing technologies to be able to generate a new snowboard binding that is completely adaptable to the user. The initial part of the study was a survey of 280 snowboarders focussing on preferences, style and habits. This survey was generated from over 15 nations with the vast majority of boarders on the snow for five to fifty days a year. Significant emphasis was placed on the relationship between boarder binding setup and occurrence of pain and/or injury. From the detailed survey it was found that boarder's experienced pain in the front foot/toe area as a result from the toe strap being too tight. However boarders wanted tighter bindings to increase responsiveness. Survey data was compared to ankle and foot biomechanics to build a relationship to assess the problem of pain versus responsiveness. The design stage of the study was to develop a binding that overcame the over-tightening of the binding but still maintain equivalent or better responsiveness compared to traditional bindings. The resulting design integrated the snowboard boot much more into the design, by using the sole as a "semi-rigid" platform and locking it in laterally between the heel cup and the new toe strap arrangement. The new design developed using additive manufacturing techniques was tested via qualitative and quantitative measures in the snow and in the lab. It was found that using the new arrangement in a system resulted in no loss of performance or responsiveness to the user. Due to the design and manufacturing approach users have the ability to customise the design to their specific needs.
The Illinois agility test is a timed task suitable for wheelchair sports with multidirectional mo... more The Illinois agility test is a timed task suitable for wheelchair sports with multidirectional movements and it is commonly used to evaluate the agility performance of athletes. In addition to test times, tangential velocities and turning radii are parameters of high importance in the assessment of agility performance. The main objective of this study is to develop a method that
This paper discusses design and fabrication processes in the development of a wearable and flexib... more This paper discusses design and fabrication processes in the development of a wearable and flexible conductive resistive sensor. The design and development of the sensor involve the use of SnAg -Cu (SAC) plated Nylon fabric, precision fused deposition modeling (FDM) using silicone and petrolatum for etch-resistant masks using the EnvisionTEC GmbH Bioplotter, and wet etching using Chromium, Ammonium Persulphate, and Salt-Vinegar etching solutions. Preliminary testing with other mask types, development processes, and sensor design approaches for various applications are discussed.
A number of methods have been used to make electronic medical microdevices biocompatible. This pa... more A number of methods have been used to make electronic medical microdevices biocompatible. This paper presents a novel approach for design and fabrication of biocompatible silicone enclosures for implantable medical microdevices. The approach involves design and formation of a 3D model of the enclosure using a computer-aided design software tool, followed by 3D printing of the enclosures using a bioplotter. Three different implantable enclosure designs are presented. The fabrication of the three enclosures is given. An evaluation of the suitability of the enclosures for implantation of a deep brain stimulation microdevice is discussed through submersion and operation tests. The evaluation results are presented and discussed.
Currently certain standards for consumer products are expected which are mainly based around func... more Currently certain standards for consumer products are expected which are mainly based around functionality, aesthetics, ease-ofuse, affordability, safety, etc. Currently, smarter products that meet the user' functional and psychological needs are in demand. This paper presents an approach that was effective in identifying and quantifying subjective requirements from customers during a design of a personalised cricket faceguard successfully translating the language of the customer into a visual representation of an artefact.
The effects of specific wheelchair design parameters on performance improvement in wheelchair rug... more The effects of specific wheelchair design parameters on performance improvement in wheelchair rugby in particular have not been described nor defined in research literature to date. The interaction between the wheelchair and the athlete is difficult to comprehend. With the aim of exploring the influence of wheelchair design variations on acceleration and velocity values for wheelchair rugby athletes, RMIT University research team has developed a purpose-built fully adjustable wheelchair frame for use with a wheelchair ergometer. These two instruments used in conjunction, allow valid and reliable data collection in controlled experiments. This paper presents a case study describing a novel method developed for quantitative analysis of the effects of variations of vertical and horizontal seat, and wheelchair camber angle on the performance of an elite athlete during wheelchair propulsion on a static ergometer.
Competitive wheelchair sport performance is dependent on three factors: the athlete, the wheelcha... more Competitive wheelchair sport performance is dependent on three factors: the athlete, the wheelchair, and the interaction between the athlete and the wheelchair (Goosey-Tolfrey, 2010, “Supporting the Paralympic Athlete: Focus on Wheeled Sports,” Disabil Rehabil., 32(26), pp. 2237–2243). In order to effectively refine the user interphase design of the wheelchair, it is essential to narrow down the key dimensions within the design space, which are likely to have an effect on the performance of an individual athlete. This paper provides a case study analysis of the test data obtained from five elite wheelchair rugby athletes, using a purpose-built adjustable wheelchair on a wheelchair ergometer. Four design factors (wheel diameter, camber angle, seat height, and camber bar depth) were tested at incremental dimensional levels to the athlete's current chair configuration; and tests were performed according to an L9 Taguchi orthogonal array. The case study analyzes acceleration, veloci...
In wheelchair racing, the optimal pair of gloves, as well as knowledge of conditioning of glove-r... more In wheelchair racing, the optimal pair of gloves, as well as knowledge of conditioning of glove-rim contact surfaces can have a significant impact on race performance. Extreme temperatures, humidity, wet or dry conditions can considerably influence not only the hand-rim friction coupling (effectiveness of the athlete's push cycle) but also the risk of injuries, blisters or sore areas which in turn, can influence the endurance of the athlete across long distance events. This paper reports an experimental study of the effect of bio-mimicry surface textures as a supplement for heightening glove-rim coupling for dry and wet weather conditions. The paper also provides recommendations for the practical implementation of the study findings through a proposal for the design and development of a pair of bespoke gloves for a wheelchair racing athlete for initial prototyping and performance trials.
There is great benefit for small medium enterprises (SMEs) and startups to utilize lead users in ... more There is great benefit for small medium enterprises (SMEs) and startups to utilize lead users in product development. By utilizing lead users companies can make products that are more commercially attractive and better accepted in the market. However, identifying lead users has traditionally been a difficult and expensive task. In the past, lead users have been found through time consuming personal networking, telephone interviews, mail questionnaires and data mining of often large user bases. This paper proposes that identification can be made more efficient by adapting some of these techniques, through taking a digital approach using existing social media communities such as those on Facebook. It is proposed that using social media application programming interfaces (APIs) could allow what used to be reserved for large multinationals, could be made accessible to SMEs and startup companies without extensive resources.
This study is designed to understand post-exercise comfort perceptions by exploring the relations... more This study is designed to understand post-exercise comfort perceptions by exploring the relationship between users and garments. Influenced by new technologies from fibres, manufacturing techniques, and surface coatings athletic apparel is changing. These technologies can influence the quality of daily pursuits, and by assessing psychological and physiological responses to physical activity, it's possible to optimise garment performance. To that end, this paper presents a qualitative and quantitative analysis of thermal regulation and comfort perceptions within a controlled laboratory environment. A group of eleven healthy athletic female participants performed a twenty-minute high-intensity interval training running session (HIIT) and subsequent transition activity period. Participants had vitals monitored and were periodically prompted with specific questions to gauge their perceptions of effort, temperature, exertion, and comfort. The results suggest that perceptual differences are minor when evaluating apparel design during highintensity exercise, and perhaps the efforts of garment design optimization would be best placed in an immediately subsequent activity type.
International Journal of Rapid Manufacturing, 2016
A variety of different approaches have been employed to enable implantation of electronic medical... more A variety of different approaches have been employed to enable implantation of electronic medical microdevices. A novel method of producing low-cost, rapidly fabricated implantable enclosures from biocompatible silicone is presented in this paper. This method utilises 3D computer-aided design software to design and model the enclosures prior to fabrication. The enclosures are then fabricated through additive manufacturing from biocompatible silicone using a 3D bioprinter. In this paper, four different implantable enclosure designs are presented. A prototyping stage with three different prototypes is described, these prototype enclosures are then evaluated through submersion and operation tests. A final design is developed in response to the obtained results, and then evaluated in a long term temperature controlled submersion test. The evaluation results are presented and discussed. Several areas of future works are identified and discussed.
IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 2015
Research is being conducted on the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for ther... more Research is being conducted on the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for therapeutic effects, and also on the mechanisms through which such therapeutic effects are mediated. A bottleneck in the progress of the research has been the large size of the existing tDCS systems which prevents subjects from performing their daily activities. To help research into the principles, mechanisms, and benefits of tDCS, reduction of size and weight, improvement in simplicity and user friendliness, portability, and programmability of tDCS systems are vital. This paper presents a design for a low-cost, light-weight, programmable, and portable tDCS device. The device is head-mountable, and can be concealed in a hat and worn on the head by the subject while receiving the stimulation. The strength of the direct current stimulation can be selected through a simple user interface. The device is constructed and its performance evaluated through bench and in-vivo tests. The tests validated the operation of the device in inducing neuromodulatory changes in primary motor cortex, M1, through measuring excitability of dominant M1 of resting right first dorsal interosseus muscle by transcranial magnetic stimulation induced motor evoked potentials. It was observed that the tDCS device induced comparable neuromodulatory effects in M1 as the existing bulky tDCS systems.
This paper addresses the methods used for the design and fabrication of a capacitance based weara... more This paper addresses the methods used for the design and fabrication of a capacitance based wearable pressure sensor fabricated using neoprene and (SAC) plated Nylon Fabric. The experimental set up for the pressure sensor is comprised of a shielded grid of sensing modules, a 555 timer based transduction circuitry, and an Arduino board measuring the frequency of signal to a corresponding pressure. The fundamental design parameters addressed during the development of the pressure sensor presented in this paper are based on size, simplicity, cost, adaptability, and scalability. The design approach adopted in this paper results in a sensor module that is less obtrusive, has a thinner and flexible profile, and its sensitivity is easily scalable for ‘smart’ product applications across industries associated to sports performance, ergonomics, rehabilitation, etc.
The state of the art in current wheelchair sports equipment design, demonstrates a steady progres... more The state of the art in current wheelchair sports equipment design, demonstrates a steady progression in the process of wheelchair design improvement and adaptation to purpose in order to suit different sporting disciplines and game roles. However, the pr
ABSTRACT This study was developed to understand the relationship between Product Design Engineeri... more ABSTRACT This study was developed to understand the relationship between Product Design Engineering education and Product Design Engineers in industry. It is the intention of the authors to communicate data gathered from Product Design Engineering graduates from Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne, Australia, to better determine the roles and responsibilities of a Product Design Engineer in the workforce. This information provides a learning platform for other Product Design Engineering programs, as well as create a greater understanding in industry as to what a Product Design Engineer can contribute to product development or manufacturing industries. The overall objective of this research is to continually improve Product Design Engineering education around the world to align closely with industry expectations and to differentiate Product Design Engineers from Industrial Designers and Mechanical Engineers. With this aim, a focus group and survey-based data collection of Product Design Engineering graduates was completed to provide a greater understanding of the roles a Product Design Engineer has in a professional context.
This paper discusses design and fabrication processes in the development of a wearable and flexib... more This paper discusses design and fabrication processes in the development of a wearable and flexible conductive resistive sensor. The design and development of the sensor involve the use of SnAg -Cu (SAC) plated Nylon fabric, precision fused deposition modeling (FDM) using silicone and petrolatum for etch-resistant masks using the EnvisionTEC GmbH Bioplotter, and wet etching using Chromium, Ammonium Persulphate, and Salt-Vinegar etching solutions. Preliminary testing with other mask types, development processes, and sensor design approaches for various applications are discussed.
The effects of specific wheelchair design parameters on performance improvement in wheelchair rug... more The effects of specific wheelchair design parameters on performance improvement in wheelchair rugby in particular have not been described nor defined in research literature to date. The interaction between the wheelchair and the athlete is difficult to comprehend. With the aim of exploring the influence of wheelchair design variations on acceleration and velocity values for wheelchair rugby athletes, RMIT University research team has developed a purpose-built fully adjustable wheelchair frame for use with a wheelchair ergometer. These two instruments used in conjunction, allow valid and reliable data collection in controlled experiments. This paper presents a case study describing a novel method developed for quantitative analysis of the effects of variations of vertical and horizontal seat, and wheelchair camber angle on the performance of an elite athlete during wheelchair propulsion on a static ergometer.
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Papers by Clara Usma