KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2

KAPITEL 2
Days, Months, Greetings, Colours, Numbers

die Woche der Monat der Tag

The week The month The day
Montag Januar August der Morgen
Monday January August Morning
Dienstag Februar September der Vormittag
Tuesday February September Forenoon
Mittwoch März Oktober der Mittag
Wednesday March October Noon
Donnerstag April November der Nachmittag
Thursday April November Afternoon
Freitag Mai Dezember der Abend
Friday May Dezember Evening
Samstag Juni die Nacht
Saturday June Night
Sonntag Juli
Sunday July
der Wochentag
Weekday
das Wochenende
Weekend die Jahreszeit die Farbe
The season The colour
der Frühling Rot Grau Beige
Spring Red Gray Beige
die Uhrzeit
der Sommer Blau Braun Silber
The time (clock)
Summer Blue Brown Silver
die Uhr die Sekunde
der Herbst Grün Orange Gold
O’clock second
Autumn Green Orange Gold
die Stunde der Moment
der Winter Gelb Lila Violett
hour moment
Winter Yellow Purple Violet
die Minute
Schwarz Rosa Dunkelblau
minute
Black Pink Dark Blue
Weiß Türkis Hellblau
White Turquoise Light Blue

DEUTSCH A1 1

 KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2

WIE SPÄT IST ES? / WIE VIEL UHR IST ES?

Saying Hello Saying Goodbye
Hallo Informal, used with friends, Tschüss Informal, used with friends or
Hello family, and peers. Bye family.
Guten Morgen Used in the morning, generally Auf Wiedersehen Formal, literally means "until we
Good morning until about 10:00 AM. Goodbye see each other again."
Guten Tag More formal, used from mid- Bis bald
Informal, means "until soon."
Good day morning until early evening. See you soon
Guten Abend Used in the evening, after Bis später Used when you expect to see
Good evening around 5:00 PM. See you later the person again later.
Informal, friendly greeting, Bis morgen Used when you'll meet again the
Grüß dich
common in Southern See you tomorrow next day.
Hi / Greetings
Germany. Gute Nacht Used when going to bed or late
Servus Common in Southern Good night at night.
Hi / Bye (informal) Germany and Austria.
*morgen means both morning and tomorrow as well.

How Are You? Responding to “How Are You?”

Wie geht’s? Mir geht’s gut.
Informal, very common. Neutral response.
How's it going? I’m good.
Formal, respectful Es geht mir gut, danke.
Wie geht es Ihnen? Polite and positive.
version, used with I’m doing well, thanks.
How are you? (formal) strangers or in Nicht schlecht. When you’re doing
professional settings.
Not bad. okay.
Wie geht es dir? Used with friends, family,
Mir geht’s nicht so gut. If you’re feeling unwell
How are you? (informal) or peers.
I’m not doing so well. or down.

Polite Expressions

Bitte Please Used when requesting something.

Danke Thank you General thanks.

Vielen Dank Thank you very much For a stronger thank you.

Gern geschehen You're welcome Polite response when someone thanks you.

Entschuldigung Excuse me / I'm sorry Used to apologize or get someone’s attention.

DEUTSCH A1 2

 KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2

DIE ZAHLEN
Numbers 0 to 12 (The Basics) 0 null 7 sieben
These numbers are unique and
1 eins 8 acht
must be memorized, but they are
the foundation for forming bigger 2 zwei 9 neun
numbers later.
3 drei 10 zehn

4 vier 11 elf

5 fünf 12 zwölf

Numbers 13 to 19 6 sechs

Here’s where a pattern emerges. From 13 to 19, German 13 dreizehn

uses a base system that combines the unit (like 3, 4, 5) with
"zehn" (ten). 14 vierzehn

15 fünfzehn
For numbers like 16 (sechzehn), 17 (siebzehn), note that
they drop an extra letter from "sechs" and "sieben." 16 sechzehn

17 siebzehn
Tens (Multiples of 10)
18 achtzehn
The tens also follow a pretty straightforward pattern, similar to
19 neunzehn
English, but be sure to memorize the new word for twenty: zwanzig.

20 zwanzig 60 sechzig
30 dreißig 70 siebzig
40 vierzig 80 achtzig
50 fünfzig 90 neunzig

Numbers 21 to 99
21 einundzwanzig
German uses a reversed word order for numbers between 21 and
99. Instead of saying twenty-one as in English, in German, you say 32 zweiunddreißig
it in reverse: "one and twenty" (ein und zwanzig). “Note: No “s” in 45 fünfundvierzig
“eins”.
57 siebenundfünfzig
• 23: dreiundzwanzig (three and twenty) 68 achtundsechzig
• 76: sechsundsiebzig (six and seventy)
99 neunundneunzig

Hundreds (100, 200, etc.) & Big Numbers

100 einhundert 1000 eintausend

200 zweihundert 1500 eintausendfünfhundert

300 dreihundert 2000 zweitausend

400 vierhundert

DEUTSCH A1 3

 KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2

WIE SPÄT IST ES? / WIE VIEL UHR IST ES?

… Uhr

5 vor … 5 nach …

10 vor … 10 nach …

Viertel vor … Viertel nach …

20 vor … 20 nach …

5 nach halb … 5 vor halb …

halb …

1. Basic Structure for Saying the Time

In German, when you're telling the time, you typically follow this structure:

• Es ist [hour] Uhr [minutes].

Example:
• Es ist fünf Uhr – It is ve o'clock.
• Es ist zehn Uhr dreißig – It is 10:30.

Notice how "Uhr" (which means "clock" or "o'clock") acts like a divider between the hour and
the minutes. It works like saying "o'clock" in English. However, in German, "Uhr" is always
used when telling the time, except when you are talking about "half" or "quarter" hours.

2. The Hours (Stunden)

Hours are pretty straightforward, and they're expressed as:

• Es ist eins Uhr – It's 1:00 (important note: "eins" becomes "ein" in time)
• Es ist zwei Uhr – It's 2:00
• Es ist zwölf Uhr – It's 12:00

If it's afternoon or evening, Germans usually follow a 24-hour system, so:

• Es ist sechzehn Uhr – It's 16:00 (4:00 PM)

• Es ist zwanzig Uhr – It's 20:00 (8:00 PM)

3. The Minutes (Minuten)

Once you have the hour, you just add the minutes like in English:

• Es ist zwei Uhr fünf – It's 2:05

• Es ist drei Uhr fünfzehn – It's 3:15

DEUTSCH A1 4

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 KPRIET ’24-25: SEMESTER I German Lesson 2

4. Half Hours (Halb)

Here’s where German does things a little di erently. Germans say "half" in relation to the next
hour. So, if it's 3:30, you say it's halfway to 4 (half to four):

• Es ist halb vier – It's 3:30 (literally "half to four")

• Es ist halb zwei – It's 1:30 (literally "half to two")

5. Quarter Hours (Viertel)

When it's a quarter before or after the hour, Germans often say "quarter to" or "quarter past”:

• Es ist Viertel nach drei – It's 3:15 (literally "quarter after three")
• Es ist Viertel vor vier – It's 3:45 (literally "quarter before four")

6. Special Expressions
You also have some special ways to say the time that might be useful:

• Es ist Mittag – It's noon (12:00 PM)

• Es ist Mitternacht – It's midnight (12:00 AM)

7. Asking for the Time

If you want to ask what time it is, you say:

• Wie spät ist es? – What time is it?

• Wieviel Uhr ist es? – What time is it?

DEUTSCH A1 5

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