Class- X Session - 2022-23 Subject - Social Science (087) Sample Question Paper - 3 with Solution Time Allowed: 3 Hours ‘Maximum Marks: 80 General Instructions : i. Question paper comprises five Sections ~ A, B, C, D and E. There are 37 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory. Section A —From question | to 20 are MCQs of ! mark each. i. Section B— Question no. 21 t0 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 40 words. Section C contains Q.25t0 0.29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each Answer to each question should not exceed 60 words Section D — Question no. 30 to 33 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words. Section-E - Questions no fiom 34 to 36 are case based questions with three sub questions and are of 4 marks each Section F — Question no. 37 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37a from History (2 marks) and 37b from Geography (3 marks). There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted. In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary, Section A ‘Women in Rajasthan carry water from long distance by balancing on their [1] heads. a) drums b) vessels c) matkas 4) bucket ‘Name the global ecological crisis that is created by indiscriminate exploitation of [1] resources. a) Global warming b) All of these c) Environmental pollution 4) Ozone layer depletion Study the picture and answer the question that follows:Which of the following aspect best represent the given image? a) Napoleon here is represented as__b) Napoleon here is represented as a postman a harbinger ) Napoleon here is represented asd) Napoleon here is represented as asoldier a torch bearer Identify the factor which does not lead to the breakdown of Caste hierarchy: a) Occupational mobility ‘b) Growth of literacy and education c) Large-scale urbanisation 4) Religious teachings Arrange the following in correct sequence: (1) i, Iron ore is melted. Limestone is added. The slag is removed. Coke is burnt to heat the ore. ii, Transport of raw material to plant. iii, Pig iron is further purified by melting and oxidising the impurities. Manganese, nickel, chromium is added and then rolling, pressing, casting and forging is done. iv. Molten material is poured into moulds called pigs. a) i i ili, iv b) iii iv, iii ©) iyi, ili, iv Repayment of the loan is dependent on the: ) chances of winning a gamble ) chances of winning a lottery ) chances of winning a bet 4) income Match the following: (a) Exchange of goods without the use of money (i) Curreney (b) The Informal sector of credit (i) Bangladesh (©) Grameen Bank (ii) Barter system (d) The modern form of money (iv) Moneylender a) (a) - Gili), (b) - Civ), (©) - Gi), () =) (a) - Gi), (b) - Gi), (© - (iv), (i) -@) ¢) (a) - (iii), (b) - @), (©) - (i), @)-——_d) (a) - Gi), (b) - (iv), (©) - GD, ) ~ (iv) Gii) Match the following: [Column A [Column B (a) Non-conyentional source of energy. |) Coal (Gi) Natural (b) Conventional source of energy. 7(c) The most abundantly available fossil fuel. (iii) Petroleum, (a) The most clean energy resource found in association with or without petroleum. (iv) Solar a) (a) - (ii), (b) - Gi), (©) -@, (@)-—_b) (a) - Civ), (b) - (D, (©) - Gi), (A) - (iv) Gi) ¢) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (©) - (ii), () - dd (a) - Civ), (6) - Gail), (©) - @), (A) - w Gi) What is the literacy rate among women in India according to the census of 2001? a) 29% 'b) 100% ¢) 33% d) 54% Over 50 percent of workers in the Bombay cotton industries in 1911 came from which neighbouring district? a) Ratlam b) Andheri c) Thane 4) Ratnagiri Assertion (A): Belgium and Sri Lanka both faced ethical tension among different communities. Reason (R): Both the countries resolved the conflict by a power-sharing arrangement that gave equal representation to all the communities. a) Both A and R are true and R is b) Both A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A. not the correct explanation of A. c) Ais true but R is false. 4) A is false but R is true. Match the following: (a) Cooperative (i) A larger part of the earnings of the borrower is used to repay societies the loan (b) Credit money {(ii) Small scale organisation formed by people themselves (©) Cash reserve |(iii) Future monetary claim against an individual that can be ratio used to buy goods and services (@) The higher |{iv) A certain minimum amount of deposit that the eommercial| cost of borrowing | banks have to hold as reserves with the central bank a) (a) - (ii), (b) - i), (©) - (iv), (d)-—_b) (a) - i), (6) - Gav), (©) - Gili), @) (ili) -(i) ©) (a) - Gi), ()- Gli), (2) = (iv), @) = d) (@)- @, (©) - Gd), (©) - (iv), @ - @ i) Based on the given data and find out which state can be regarded as the most developed of the three.STATE PER CAPITA INCOME for 2018-19 (in 3) Haryana 2,36,147 Kerala 2,04,105 Bihar 40,982 a) Bihar b) Kerala c) Haryana 4) Haryana and Kerala both Ina SHG, most of the important decisions regarding savings and loan activities are [1] taken by a) government ‘b) non-government organisation ) group leaders d) group members Find the odd one out: i. Farmer ii, Tourist Guide iii, Washerman iv. Tailor a) (ii) b) (iv) ©) (i) d) (iii) Read the following data and select the appropriate option from the following: Production of Manganese in 2016-17 Percentage Andhra Pradesh 10 Madhya Pradesh 27 Karnataka I Odisha 25 Maharashtra 25 Choose the ODD one out in the context of share manganese production. a) Odisha b) Madhya Pradesh ) Maharashtra ) Andhra Pradesh Read the information given below and select the correct option i) Shyam is a small farmer. He took a loan to meet the expenses of cultivation hoping, that there would be a good harvest and he would repay the loan, The harvest, however, fails and he is unable to repay the loan. Next year again he took a loan but the crop is not good and loan repayment cannot be made, He has no option but to sell a part of his land to pay off the loan, Loan/credit instead of helping Shyam improve his condition left him worse off. What kind of situation Shyam is facing?18. a) Loan Trap b) Debt Trap ©) Credit Trap 4) Tariff Trap Fill in the blank: FINAL PRODUCT INTERMEDIATE GOODS. Biscuit Flour, Sugar, Oil Shirt 2 a) Yarn, Cloth, Machine b) Tailor, Sewing machine, Yarn c) Needle, Sewing machine, Yarn d) Yarn, Fabric, Button Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding the reinterpretation of i) History? 1. Indians began looking into the past to discover India's great achievements. 2. Many prominent writers wrote about the glorious developments in ancient times. 3. The Indians saw Britishers as backward and primitive, incapable of governing themselves. a)2and3 b) only 2 c) Land 2 d) only 3 is an important element in BIP's conception of Indian nationhood and politics. 2) Political nationalism b) Relgious secularism ©) Cultural nationalism 4) Cultural secularism Section B How can religion be used in politics in a positive manner? How did rinderpest help the Europeans to subdue Africa? Mention any three characteristics of development. How has liberalisation of trade and investment policies helped the globalisation process? oR ‘Name any five Indian companies which have emerged as Multinational Companies due to globalisation and name the products in which they deals? Seetion C ‘Why do we need to conserve our forest and wildlife resources? Explain any three [3] reasons. Why developed countries want developing countries to liberalise their trade and [3] investment? What do you think should the developing countries demand in return?OR ‘Barriers on foreign trade and foreign investment were removed to a large extent in India since 1991." Justify the statement. Compare the different ways in which the Belgians and the Sri Lankans have dealt with the problem of cultural diversity. In Panchayati Raj System, one-third of the seats have been reserved for women. Do you feel that the same should be done for State Legislature and the Parliament? Support your answer with arguments. "Nearly every one of the state parties wants to get an opportunity to be a part of one or the other national level coalition." Support the statement with arguments. Section D Describe features of agriculture in India, OR ‘What are the basic features of Indian agriculture? How are the three sectors of economy interdependent? Explain with suitable examples. OR What are the advantages of an organized sector for the workers? With reference to Scotland and Ireland, explain how British nationalism grew at the cost of other cultures. OR Examine the main features of the process of German unification under the leadership of Otto Von Bismarck. "Democracy stands much superior in promoting dignity and freedom of the 15] citizens", Justify the statement, OR Describe the role of citizens in a democracy. Section E Read the text carefully and answer the questions: Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture, catering to the Western-style schools. From hand printing, there was now a gradual shift to mechanical printing. Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into Japan around AD 768-770. The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 868, is the Buddhist Diamond Sutra, In the late eighteenth century, in the flourishing urban circles at Edo, illustrated collections of paintings depicted an elegant urban culture, involving artists, courtesans, and teahouse gatherings. Libraries and bookstores were packed with hand-printed material of various types-books on women, musical instruments,calculations, tea ceremony, flower arrangements, proper etiquette, cooking and famous places. (i) Give ancient name of Tokyo. (ii) Name the centre of the new print culture in China and deseribe it (iii) What is the name of the oldest printed book of Japan’? Mention its feature. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: 141 Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. Foreign tourist’s arrivals in the country witnessed an increase of 11.8 percent during the year 2010 as against the year 2009, contributing % 64,889 crore of foreign exchange in 2010. 5.78 million foreign tourists visited India in 2010. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry. Tourism also promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. It also helps in the development of an international understanding of our culture and heritage. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism, There is a vast potential for the development of tourism in all parts of the country. Efforts are being made to promote different types of tourism for this upcoming industry. (i) What is the contribution of Tourism in the Balance of Payments? (ii) Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. With respect to this enlist reasons for which foreign tourists visit India. (iii) How the industries of service sector are benefitted by tourism? 36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: On 13th April the infamous Jallianwalla Bagh incident took place. On that day a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwalla Bagh. Some came to protest against the government's new repressive measures. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair, Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing hundreds. As the news of Jallianwalla Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many north Indian towns, There were strikes, clashes with the police and attacks on government buildings. Seeing violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi called off the movement, While the Rowlatt satyagraha had been a widespread movement, it was still limited mostly to cities and towns. ‘Mahatma Gandhi now felt the need to launch a more broad-based movement in India, (i) How did Mahatma Gandhi react to the Rowlatt Act? (ii) What made Mahatma Gandhi call off Rowlatt Satyagraha? (iii) Why did Rowlatt Act enrage people? Section F 37. a, Two places A and B have been marked on the given outline map of India.Identify them and write their correct names on the lines drawn near them ‘A. The place where Indian National Congress session was held in 1927. B, The place associated with the Civil Disobedience Movement. b. On the same outline map of India locate and label any four of the following with suitable Symbols. (any three) i, Paradip - Major Sea Port ii, Hyderabad - Software ‘Technology Park iii, Bassien — Oil Field iv. Narora — Thermal Power Plant v. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose - International Airport INDIA = POLTEALSolution Section A -(€) matkas Explanation: We instantaneously visualise the deserts of Rajasthan and women balancing many ‘Matkas’ (earthen pots) used for collecting and storing water and travelling long distances to get water. (b) All of these Explanation: Resources are vital for any developmental activity. But irrational consumption and over utilisation of resources may lead to socio-economic and environmental problems. Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution, and land degradation. . (a) Napoleon here is represented as a postman Explanation: Napoleon here is represented as a postman on his way back to France after he lost the battle of Leipzig in 1813. Each letter dropping out of his bag bears the names of the territories he lost. . (d) Religious teachings Explanation: Large-scale urbanisation, Growth of literacy and education, and Occupational mobility lead to the breakdown of Caste hierarchy. 5 (b) iii iv, fi Explanation: Pig tron Iron ore is melted. Molten materials poured Lime stone is fluxing into moulds called pigs material which ts added. Slag is removed, Coke is burnt to Shaping Metal Pig tron is further purified by melting and oxidising the impurities, Manganese, nickel, chromium are added . (d) income Explanation: Repayment of the loan is crucially dependent on the success of the business or venture for which the loan is taken and ultimately the income of it, Therefore, if more income is generated in lesser time, loans will also be repaid in a lesser period of time. (a) (a) - (iii), (b) - Civ), (©) - Gi), @) - (i) Explanation: (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (ii), (d) = (i) . (d) (a) ~ (iv), (b) ~ Gi), (©) - Gi), (a) - (ii) Explanation: (a) - (iv), (b) ~ (ii), (¢) - (i), (@) - (ii) . (d) 54% Explanation: The literacy rate among women is only 54 percent compared with 76 percent among men.10, (d) Ratnagiti Explanation: Over 50 percent of workers in the Bombay cotton industries in 1911 came from the neighbouring distriet of Ratnagiri. (c) A is true but R is false. Explanation: Belgians adopted a power-sharing model where all the communities got equal representation, this helped in solving the tension between different communities. However, Sri Lanka tried to promote the supremacy of the Sinhala community which eventually led to a civil war. Thus the reason is false - (€) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iii), (€) - (iv), (A) - (i) Explanation: (a) - (ii), (b) - Gi), (©) - (iv), @) - () . (¢) Haryana Explanation: Haryana (d) group members Explanation: A SHG is a village-based financial intermediary committee usually composed of 10-20 local women or men. The members of the SHG has full control over its working and operations and they take most of the important decisions regarding savings and loan activities = (€) (i) Explanation: The primary sector includes all those activities the end purpose of which consists of exploiting natural resources. Among these only farmer belongs to the primary sector who is engaged in exploiting the natural resources. . (d) Andhra Pradesh Explanation: The other three are more or less equal contributors. (b) Debt Trap Explanation: When a borrower particularly in the rural area fails to repay the loan due to the failure of the crop, he is unable to repay the loan and is left worse off. This situation is, commonly called debt-trap, (@) Yarn, Fabric, Button Explanation: Yarn, Fabric, Button . (d) only 3 Explanation: The means of creating a feeling of nationalism was through the reinterpretation of history. The British saw Indians as backward and primitive, incapable of governing themselves. Indians began feeling that to instil a sense of pride in the nation; Indians began looking into the past to discover India’s great achievements. These nationalist histories urged readers to be proud of the great accomplishments of India in the past and fight to improve the miserable living conditions of British rule. |. (¢) Cultural nationalism Explanation: BJP wants to build a strong and modern India by drawing inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values. Cultural nationalism (or ‘Hindutva’) is an important element in its conception of Indian nationhood and politics. Section B 21.A. The religion can be used in polities is not dangerous as it seems to us.Ethical values of cach religion can play a major role in politics. B. As a member of any religious community, people should express their political needs. The political leaders should regulate the practice of religion so that there should be no discrimination and oppression. C. Religion should be for the good of people and not arouse a feeling of distrust and suspicion. Religion is a guide to politics and not a weapon to use in politics.D. If all the religions are treated equally then these political acts are correct in any way. Therefore, religion can be used in politics in a positive manner. 22. Rinderpest was a devastating cattle disease that not only affected the cattle but also the lives of the people by subjugating them to the Europeans in the following ways: i, It affected the livelihood, economy and even the social peace and harmony of the Africans. ii, For centuries, land and livestock had sustained African livelihood and people rarely worked for a wage. Rinderpest killed 90 percent of the African cattle. iii, The Europeans had come to Africa due to its vast land and minerals resources in the late 19th century. They hoped to establish plantations and mines to produce crops and. minerals for export to Europe. However, there was a shortage of labour and no one was willing to work for a wage. iv. Africans lost their livelihood, planters and many owners forced them to work for a wage and enabled Europeans to conquer and subdue Aftica, . Development is a comprehensive term that includes increase in per capita income, reduction of poverty, increase in literacy rate etc. Characteristics of Development: i. For development, people look at a mix of goals. ii, Income is the most important component of development, but along with income, people also seek equal treatment, good health, peace and security, ete. iii, Different people have different as well as conflicting goals of development. . Liberalisation barriers on foreign trade and foreign investment have been removed to a great extent. This has helped in the import and export of goods. This means that goods can be exported and imported easily and also foreign companies could set up factories and offices here. Larger foreign investment and larger foreign trade have led to greater integration of production and markets across countries. As a result, more and more companies are coming closer to each other due to MNCs. Thus, the liberalisation of trade and investment policies has helped the globalisation process. OR The name five Indian companies and the products which have emerged as Multinational Companies due to globalisation are mentioned below. i. Tata Motors in automobiles ii, Ranbaxy in Medicine iii, Asian Paints in Paints iv. Infosys in information technology v, Sundaram Fasteners in nuts and bolts Section C We need to conserve our forest and wildlife resources because: i. It preserves ecological diversity. ii, It preserves our life support system - water, air and soil iii, It preserves genetic diversity of plants and animals which generates better breeding. . Developed countries want developing countries to liberalise their trade and investment because the MNCs belonging to the developed countries can then set-up their manufacturing centres in less-expensive developing nations lowering their manufacturing costs. This will increase their profits. In my opinion, the developing countries should demand, in return, some manner of protection of domestic producers against competition from imports from the developedcountries which are subsidised by them, Also, some additional charges should be levied on MNCs looking to set up base in developing nations. OR © In 1991, the Government of India liberalised its policy and decided to remove the barriers on foreign trade and foreign investment around 1991 as it was realized that the time had come for Indian producers to compete with producers around the globe. The removal of barriers meant that goods could be imported as well as exported easily and also foreign companies could set up their factories and offices in India ‘The Government had an opinion that trade competition would improve the performance of the local producers within the country since they will be forced to improve their quality. © Another reason was the economic crises in India in 1990-91 and support of WTO and IMF led the government to remove trade barriers, Thus, the Indian Government removed barriers to a large extent on foreign trade and foreign investment. 27. The Belgian leaders recognised the existence of regional and cultural diversities: i. They amended their Constitution four times so as to work out an innovative arrangement that would enable everyone to live together in peace and harmony, ie, there was sharing of power between the Dutch and the French both in the Central Government, State Government and Community Government. They followed a policy of accommodation. . This helped to avoid civil strife and division of the country on linguistic lines. . On the other hand, the Sinhalese who were in majority in Sri Lanka as compared to the Tamils followed a policy of majoritarianism and adopted a series of measures to establish Sinhala supremacy by passing an Act of 1956. These measures alienated the Tamils leading to civil strife between the two communities, . Belgium leaders established a federal structure under which power was shared between the union government and its other constituent units whereas Sri Lankan leaders adopted Unitary Government structure. v. The Belgium solution helped in avoiding civie strife whereas the Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka led to the civil war, 28. Women Reservation Bill is a pending bill in India which proposes to amend the Constitution of India to reserve 33 per cent of all seats in the Lok Sabha and in all State Legislative Assembly for women. I think this bill should be passed, like the bill of Panchayati Raj System which has already reserved 1/3rd of the seats for women, The arguments in support of this are i. There will be more women participation in politics and society. Reservation for women is expected to increase opportunity in all respect for women, iii, There are many issues related to women in our Indian society. For example, domestic violence and harassment, Unless they are given fair representation in the Assemblies their problems would never be solved. 29. State parties seeking national-level coalition: Over the last three decades, the number and strength of these parties have expended, This made the parliament of India politically more and more diverse. No one national party was able to secure on its own a majority in Lok Sabha, Before General Election of 2014, in three general elections, no one national party was able to secure on its own a majority in Lok Sabha. With the result, the national parties were compelled to form alliances with state or regional parties. Since 1996, nearly every one of the state parties has got an opportunity to be a part of one or the other nationallevel coalition government. This has contributed to the strengthening of federalism and democracy, Seetion D 30. Some major features of agriculture in India are given below: i. In India, agriculture is a primary activity that provides foodgrain as well as raw material for various other industries, ii, Two-third of the Indian population is engaged in agricultural activities iii, Three types of farming are found namely primitive subsistence farming in hilly and forested areas, intensive subsistence farming in densely populated areas and commercial farming. iv. Indian agriculture is mainly dependent upon monsoon which is uncertain, unreliable and irregular. In spite of the large scale expansion of irrigation facilities since Independence, only one-third of the cropped area is provided by perennial irrigation and the remaining ‘two-thirds of the cropped area has to bear the brunt of the vagaries of the monsoons. v. Indian agriculture has three cropping seasons i.e. rabi, Kharif, and Zaid. a, Kharif season starts with the onset of monsoons and continues till the beginning of winter. Major crops of this season are rice, maize, jowar, bajra, cotton, sesamum, groundnut and pulses such as moong, urad, etc. , Rabi season starts at the beginning of winter and continues till the end of winter or beginning of summer. Major crops of this season are wheat, barley, jowar, gram and oilseeds such as linseed, rape and mustard. c. Zaid is summer cropping season in which crops like rice, maize, groundnut, vegetables and fruits are grown, Now some varieties of pulses have been evolved which can be successfully grown in summer. OR Following are the basic features of Indian agriculture: i. Indian agriculture mainly depends on the arrival of monsoon, Though large areas in India, after independence, have been brought under irrigation, only one-third of the cropped area is actually irrigated in true sense. . Tropical and temperate crops can be successfully grown in India. i, Indian farmers use fertilizers. Use of these fertilizers and pesticides has increased and large areas have been brought under high yielding variety of seeds. Indian farmers, in certain parts still practice subsistence agriculture, Farmers own small pieces of land and grow crops primarily for their own purpose . Indian agriculture has to feed a large population, production of food crops is the first priority of the farmers . i. Agriculture has provides employment to a large section of work force. . Animal force has always played a significant role in agricultural operations such as ploughing, irrigation, threshing and transporting the agricultural products, viii, India has three major crop seasons - Kharif, Rabi and Zaid 31. Three sectors of economy feasibly found i.e. Primary sector, Secondary sector, and Tertiary sector, Alll three sectors are interdependent on each other. Some examples are given to elucidate this fact: i, Agricultural activities produce raw materials for agro-based industries and food for employees in Secondary and Tertiary sectors. It shows the industrial sector and service seetor’s dependency on the Primary sector. ii, Industrial activities produce instruments like a tractor, fertilizer for agricultural inputs, and inerease production and produetivity in agriculture. Here, Primary sector depends on the Secondary sector.iii, Transportation facilities are much required for transportation of agricultural products and industrial products to market rural and urban centres. Here, the Primary and Secondary sector depend on the Tertiary sector. Industrial sector produces trucks, autos etc for transportation, computer assets for proper banking activities and knowledge outsourcing. So, it shows that how the Tertiary sector depends on the Secondary sector. If a farmer does not produce grain, all people will starve and employees in Secondary and Tertiary sectors will pay much for food items and their life will be scarce. Marketization, storage, and transportation inadequacy will put an obstacle for farmers to link with their consumer and its earning will be reduced and life will be miserable. It shows that the Secondary and Tertiary sectors depend on the Primary sector. So, itis reflected that all the sectors of the economy are highly interdependent. Primary sector supplies or transport raw material to the secondary sector and secondary seetor, in turn, transfer it to the tertiary sector which ultimately provides services to both primary and secondary sectors. For Example: © Primary sector- Cultivation of Sugarcane is done. © Secondary sector- Processing of the sugarcane is done. The manufacturer processes it into jaggery and sugar in the factories. © Tertiary sector- Transportation of sugarcane is done from the fields to the factories. OR The following are the advantages for the workers in the organized sector: . Workers in the organized sector enjoy security of employment. . Organized sector is registered by the government and has to follow its rules and regulations which are given in various laws such as the Factories Act, the Minimum Wages Act, the Payment of Gratuity Act, Shops Act, etc. i, They work only a fixed number of hours. If they are asked to work for longer hours, they are paid extra money for overtime by the employer. . They also get several other benefits from the employers like paid leave, payment during holidays, provident fund and gratuity. . They also get medical benefits and, under the laws, the employer has to ensure facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment, . When they retire, these workers get pensions as well. i. Through the Act of Union (1707), England was able to impose its influence on Scotland . The growth of British identity in Parliament suppressed the distinctive culture of Scotland, ii. The Catholic clans that inhibited the Scottish Highland suffered repression. . They were forcibly driven out of their homeland. . Ireland was deeply divided between Catholics and Protestants. . The English helped the Protestants to establish dominance over the largely Catholic country. . Catholics revolted against this dominance but were suppressed. Wolfe Tone and his United Irishmen led a revolt but failed . As the English nation grew in power and influence, Ireland’s distinctive culture and language were suppressed. ix, Ireland was forcibly incorporated in the UK. OR Otto von Bismarck played an important role in the unification of the country. He is known. for his policy of 'Blood and Iron’, Otto von Bismarck and the German unification:i, The middle-class Germans in 1848 tried to unite the different regions of the German confederation into a nation-state. ii, Otto von Bismarck; the chief minister of Prussia, was the architect of this process. . He took the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy in his endeavour. iv, Three wars were fought over seven years with Austria, Denmark and France. The wars ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification. . The Prussian king, William | was proclaimed the German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles on 18th January 1871 in the presence of important officials, army representatives and Otto von Bismarck, 33, Democracy stands much superior in promoting dignity and freedom to the citizens: i, Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow beings. ii, Democracy allows it's citizen to live freely and to share its ideas in any field i. Women in a democratic country have also enhanced their dignity and live freely in the male dominated country like India. iv. The passion for respect and freedom is the basis of any democracy. Democracies throughout the world have recognized this. It has been achieved in various degrees in various democracies. . Long struggles by women have given them respect and equal treatment. vii. Democracy gave equal protection and opportunities to the people of low caste, it also helps in maintaining the dignity of its citizen viii, In many democracies, women were deprived of their right to vote for a long time, which they have achieved now. ix. In India, 1/3rd of seats have been reserved for women in local bodies. x. Democracy has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunity. OR The roles of citizens in a democracy are as follows: i. A good democratic government is possible only if people are aware of their rights and duties. An enlightened citizen is the need of the hour for any democratic country, ii, Our country follows the system of representative democracy. People elect their representatives to run the government. Elections for both Central and State Legislatures are normally held every five years. In case the government falls earlier, the election may be held early. . In our country, we have a universal adult franchise which means all citizens above the age of eighteen years have the Right to vote. Citizens must be aware of their representatives their policies and agendas for the country and for the people. . Citizens exercise their rights and freedoms and get benefited from the democratic set-up. They must be aware of their rights and duties. Citizens should have a thorough knowledge of our Constitution. . They should be aware of the issues and problems the country is facing and should actively participate in giving valuable feedback to the government. vii. They must cooperate in maintaining law and order. Section E 34, Read the text carefully and answer the questions: Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture, catering to the Western-style schools. From hand printing, there was now a gradual shift to mechanical printing Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into Japan around AD 768-770. The oldest Japanese book, printed in AD 868, is the Buddhist Diamond Sutra.In the late eighteenth century, in the flourishing urban circles at Edo, illustrated collections of paintings depicted an elegant urban culture, involving artists, courtesans, and teahouse gatherings. Libraries and bookstores were packed with hand-printed material of various types-books on women, musical instruments, calculations, tea ceremony, flower arrangements, proper etiquette, cooking and famous places. (i) Edo is the ancient name of Tokyo. (ii) Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture, catering to the Western-style schools. From hand printing, there was now a gradual shift to mechanical printing. (iii)Buddhist Diamond Sutra is the name of the oldest printed book of Japan, It contains six sheets of text and woodcut illustrations. 35. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. Foreign tourist's arrivals in the country witnessed an increase of 11.8 percent during the year 2010 as against the year 2009, contributing % 64,889 crore of foreign exchange in 2010. 5.78 million foreign tourists visited India in 2010. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry. Tourism also promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. It also helps in the development of an international understanding of our culture and heritage. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism. There is a vast potential for the development of tourism in all parts of the country. Efforts are being made to promote different types of tourism for this upcoming industry. (i) Tourism contributed to Rs 64,889 crore of foreign exchange in 2010. (i) Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism. (iii) i, More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry ii, It promotes national integration. iii, It provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. (Any one relevant point) 36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: On 13th April the infamous Jallianwalla Bagh incident took place. On that day a large crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwalla Bagh. Some came to protest against the government’s new repressive measures. Others had come to attend the annual Baisakhi fair. Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing hundreds. As the news of Jallianwalla Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many north Indian towns. There were strikes, clashes with the police and attacks on government buildings. Seeing violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi called off the movement. While the Rowlatt satyagraha had been a widespread movement, it was still limited mostly to cities and towns. Mahatma Gandhi now felt the need to launch a more broad-based movement in India, (i) Mahatma Gandhi decided to launch a nationwide satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act (1919). (ii) As the news of Jallianwalla Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many north Indian towns. Seeing violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi decided to call off the movement.(iii)fhis Act had been hurriedly passed through the Imperial Legislative Couneil despite the united opposition of the Indian members. It gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities and allowed the detention of political prisoners without trial for two years. Section F 37. a.A. Madras B. Dandi b.