
Julia Kustova
Related Authors
Grigulevich Nadezhda
Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology Russian Academy of Science
Vladimir Kolesov
Independent Scholar
Valeriu Baltean
State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu in Chisinau
Ksenija V . Osipova
Ural Federal University
Sergey Abashin
European University at St. Petersburg
Andrey Vladychenko
Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
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Books by Julia Kustova
Впервые дается описание отдельных семейно-бытовых обрядов, связанных с ребенком. Положения и выводы исследования могут быть использованы историками, краеведами, этнографами, педагогами и другими специалистами, изучающими процессы, происходящие в семье, семейные отношения.
Papers by Julia Kustova
A B S T R A C T. The traditional diet of the Khakass, similar to those of the other peoples of the Sayano-Altai, is
based on carbohydrate food. Since the ancient times it has consisted of cereal crops and wild roots. Of the cereals,
barley and wheat in their domesticated form remain the most popular ones. The wild plants are considered a great
help in providing the body with energy, among them being Lilium martagon L. and Erythrōnium sibīricum,
which are now out of use, as well as hemp seeds. Starting from the nineteenth century potatoes were grown in the
territory of the Khakass-Minusinsk Hollow. The Khakass also included such products as pine nuts, berries, wild
and apiary honey into their diet to provide their bodies with energy and strength. The consumption of all these
products is peculiar as they were irreplaceable both in the daily diet and in cases when one had to leave home for
a long time—as it happened, for example, with hunters and shepherds. Fried or crushed in a pounder or quern,
grain was convenient to be eaten on the road, as it was a completely ready-to-eat product which should have been
complemented with only one liquid—tea, water, ayran, etc. Toasted whole grains were poured into the pockets
of children so that they would not feel hunger during the day. A complex of objects of material culture is connected
with the use of these products; and we have found some references to them in the Khakass folklore.
The article presents arguments for this statement, explaining it from the perspectives of the Khakas traditional
worldview and animalistic and animistic ideas in particular. According to these ideas, people live in the Middle
World together with other beings. The line between the Middle, Upper and Lower worlds is easily crossed, the
violation of the world order leads to sad and even tragic consequences for a person and his environment. Wrong
behavior, including the excessive emotionality of a person, can lead to an imbalance in the relationship between
people, supernatural beings and nature.
The article discusses the ideological foundations that regulate the rules of behavior in the family, during the rites
of the life cycle, in everyday life, during economic activities, in games, etc., which are imparted, above all,
primarily to children. The article is based on the field data collected by the author at different times in the
Republic of Khakassia, as well as on already published materials.
activities in the traditional Khakass culture. Th e main focus is on games with bones of domestic and
wild animals and their role in the ritual activities of Khakases. Th e author considers skill games, plot
games and peculiarities of games and rituals with dolls made of animal bones.
Впервые дается описание отдельных семейно-бытовых обрядов, связанных с ребенком. Положения и выводы исследования могут быть использованы историками, краеведами, этнографами, педагогами и другими специалистами, изучающими процессы, происходящие в семье, семейные отношения.
A B S T R A C T. The traditional diet of the Khakass, similar to those of the other peoples of the Sayano-Altai, is
based on carbohydrate food. Since the ancient times it has consisted of cereal crops and wild roots. Of the cereals,
barley and wheat in their domesticated form remain the most popular ones. The wild plants are considered a great
help in providing the body with energy, among them being Lilium martagon L. and Erythrōnium sibīricum,
which are now out of use, as well as hemp seeds. Starting from the nineteenth century potatoes were grown in the
territory of the Khakass-Minusinsk Hollow. The Khakass also included such products as pine nuts, berries, wild
and apiary honey into their diet to provide their bodies with energy and strength. The consumption of all these
products is peculiar as they were irreplaceable both in the daily diet and in cases when one had to leave home for
a long time—as it happened, for example, with hunters and shepherds. Fried or crushed in a pounder or quern,
grain was convenient to be eaten on the road, as it was a completely ready-to-eat product which should have been
complemented with only one liquid—tea, water, ayran, etc. Toasted whole grains were poured into the pockets
of children so that they would not feel hunger during the day. A complex of objects of material culture is connected
with the use of these products; and we have found some references to them in the Khakass folklore.
The article presents arguments for this statement, explaining it from the perspectives of the Khakas traditional
worldview and animalistic and animistic ideas in particular. According to these ideas, people live in the Middle
World together with other beings. The line between the Middle, Upper and Lower worlds is easily crossed, the
violation of the world order leads to sad and even tragic consequences for a person and his environment. Wrong
behavior, including the excessive emotionality of a person, can lead to an imbalance in the relationship between
people, supernatural beings and nature.
The article discusses the ideological foundations that regulate the rules of behavior in the family, during the rites
of the life cycle, in everyday life, during economic activities, in games, etc., which are imparted, above all,
primarily to children. The article is based on the field data collected by the author at different times in the
Republic of Khakassia, as well as on already published materials.
activities in the traditional Khakass culture. Th e main focus is on games with bones of domestic and
wild animals and their role in the ritual activities of Khakases. Th e author considers skill games, plot
games and peculiarities of games and rituals with dolls made of animal bones.