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Michel Murillo

CUC, Atlántico, Adjunct

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Master in Civil Engineering

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Anna University(Chennai)

Youven Duraisamy

Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP)

Tiara Maelta Amanda

University of Zurich, Switzerland

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Papers by Michel Murillo

Experimental Study of Foaming Agent Proportions for Cellular Concrete Fabrication: A Case Study in Barranquilla

Cellular concrete is a mixture of cement, water, and preformed foam, whose main feature is being ... more Cellular concrete is a mixture of cement, water, and preformed foam, whose main feature is being a low-density material due to it containing uniformly distributed gas cells. To reach this, the preformed foam is composed of a solution based on a foaming agent and water, resulting in a material with a density between 320 kg⁄m 3 and 1920 kg⁄m 3 , creating an advantage over conventional concrete, which in some cases can be harmful as it normally has densities from 2300 kg⁄m 3 to 2500 kg⁄m 3. Despite the creation of this concrete type being nothing new, there is still no procedure or standardization of the proportion to be used between water and foaming agent for the preformed foam production for the creation of high-density cellular concrete (classified as a subcategory within cellular concrete category) characterized for having a minimum density of 800kg⁄m 3. The purpose of this paper is to study the behavior of the relation between water and foaming agents in the production of preformed foam for the creation of high-density cellular concrete. For it, a total of 84 cylindrical specimens were manufactured using mixtures with two different target densities (880 kg⁄m 3 and 1680 kg⁄m 3), where each of these densities is divided into three different protein foaming agent proportions (1:30, 1:35, and 1:40). The properties of the mixtures were analyzed in terms of the slump, the density, and the compressive strength. The test results revealed a pattern: as the proportion or amounts of foaming agent within the water-foaming agent ratio increased while keeping the other mixture variables constant, a decrease in compressive strength was observed. This phenomenon was inversely proportional to density, since, as the amount of foaming agent decreased, the density of the specimens increased. Mixtures that remained within the expected limits obtained compressive strength values of 3.01 MPa and 22.55 MPa, corresponding to a target density of 880 and 1680, respectively.

Use of animal fiber-reinforcement in construction materials: A review

Although natural fibers (NFs), among which animal fibers (AFs) are found, have been used for mill... more Although natural fibers (NFs), among which animal fibers (AFs) are found, have been used for millennia as reinforcement scheme of some construction materials (CMs), it is not until recent decades when scientific studies have been carried out to quantitively evaluate the impact of adding NFs into CMs, but with a special focus on vegetal fibers (VFs) over AFs. Nevertheless, there have been several studies addressing the use of AFs in different CMs and, therefore, the need of a systematic review study is evident. To contribute to this research gap, this paper presents a comprehensive review study addressing available scientific information of different types of AFs (e.g., sheep wool fibers (SWFs), chicken feathers fibers (CFFs), human hair fibers (HHFs), pig hair fibers (PHFs), silk fibers (SFs), and dog hair fibers (DHFs)) and also their use in four specific different CMs matrices (i.e., cementitious, gypsum, soil and polymer matrices). This comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Science and Science Direct, two of the largest and more prestigious scientific databases, using specific keywords and Boolean operators and the selection of the papers was based on the provision of enough quantitative information of the mixtures (e.g., specific characteristic and dosages of AFs and matrix used) as well as experimental findings. As a result of this study, organized, summarized and sufficient information is provided to support the positive use of AF as reinforcement scheme to improve some physical/thermal/mechanical/ damage/durability properties of CMs by taking advantage of the abundance of these resources worldwide. Moreover, the use of AFs might also provide environmental benefits and cost reductions, which are global objectives within the construction sector. Finally, this review study found that there are still several research gaps in the use of particular AFs (e.g., DHFs) as well as combinations between the AFs and the CMs addressed in this study (e.g., effects of PHFs in polymer matrices) and these gaps are recommended as future studies.

Compressive Strength Analysis of Mortars with Partial Replacement of Aggregate by Crushed Porcine Bone (CPB

The field of construction is directly associated with environmental pollution due to the processe... more The field of construction is directly associated with environmental pollution due to the processes and materials used, including cement, which is the main component of mortar. Therefore, it is particularly important to find new construction materials that in addition to meeting the current regulatory requirements, contribute to sustainable development and circular economy. Based on this, the present research aims to analyze the compressive strength of mortars with partial replacement of the fine aggregate by crushed porcine bone (CPB) to assess the feasibility of their application in the construction sector. For this purpose, 162 mortar cubes were manufactured, with different substitution levels (2- 10%) tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. According to the results obtained, the highest compressive strength was found for the cubes with 2% CPB substitution and a lower strength for the cubes with 10% substitution, demonstrating an inversely proportional relationship between the percentage of fine aggregate substitution by CPB (replacement of 0 gr, 44 gr, 88 gr, 132 gr, 176 gr, and 220 gr for the 9 mortar cubes) and the compressive strength of the mortar. Likewise, it was possible to show that to prepare these mixtures, these required greater quantities of water compared to a conventional mortar, due to the greater absorption of the proposed replacement material. The
objective of analyzing the behavior of porcine bone in cementitious mixtures is mainly due to the fact that this subject is scarce in the literature to date, which is why this type of research is important for the development of this new topic.

Study of the importance of core cylinders in the monitoring of the compressive strength of the concrete

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

The fulfillment of the resistance to the compression as a fundamental property of the concrete, d... more The fulfillment of the resistance to the compression as a fundamental property of the concrete, during the process of execution of a work, constitutes great work for all the factors that intervene in the constructive process. The same concrete cannot be suitable for all structures, many times when using the same mixture, failures can occur with relevant damage. This situation frequently occurs at construction sites and resources must be allocated to repair structures to guarantee their useful life. This research aims to focus on the importance of performing compressive strength tests and taking enough samples for reliable results. For this purpose, 36 concrete test samples were taken from different structural elements of work according to the requirements of the standard. Subsequently, the laboratory tests were carried out at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days with a control cylinder, to analyze the behavior of each sample according to the concrete specifications requested for the different typ...

Study on mechanical properties of mortars containing steel shot and sea sand as fine aggregate replacement

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

In this study, the use of solid waste known in the metallurgical market as steel shot that is gen... more In this study, the use of solid waste known in the metallurgical market as steel shot that is generated in the production of metallic elements has been analyzed. Normally the destination of this solid waste is the sanitary landfills of the cities or the security cells since it is classified as hazardous waste. In addition, the use of materials with high availability and that were not previously used in the construction industry, such as sea sand was used in the manufacture of mortar cubes as a fine aggregate. A granulometric analysis of each of the filling materials followed by the casting of 63 mortar cubes with four different fine aggregate replacement ratios (0%, 30%, 70% and 100%) were carried out. After the curing period, the compressive strength and the weight of the resulting mortars have been determined. The results from this study indicated that by completely replacing the fine aggregate with the steel shot waste the density and the compressive strength of the resulting mor...

The influences of perceptions in bicycle demand for users with the same socioeconomic characteristics

In this paper we analyzed the potential demand for the use of the bicycle as an alternative trans... more In this paper we analyzed the potential demand for the use of the bicycle as an alternative transport for college students and employees commuting in any area of the city of Barranquilla where currently there is not an infrastructure for this mode. For the analysis, we evaluated a simple discrete choice model incorporating perceptions variables. Our results indicate that the existence of an adequate and sufficient road infrastructure can positively affect the individuals’ decision, and could be improved by providing cycle facilities in campus like parking spots and showers or places where people can change and save clothes if necessary. We also demonstrated that individuals with the same socioeconomic characteristics and the same available alternatives, can choose different modes of transport, and their perceptions can influence their choice.

Analysis of CBR design value selection methods on flexible pavement design: Colombia case study

A comparative analysis was carried out to observe the variation of a flexible pavement structural... more A comparative analysis was carried out to observe the variation of a flexible pavement structural thickness, due to the use of different methods to calculate the CBR design value, as an essential variable to estimate the Subgrade Resilient Modulus (Mr) through an empirical correlation. The Asphalt Institute Method and the Mean Criterion Method were applied to calculate de Design CBR value of a homogeneous roadway division from a representative track section located in the Bolivar Department, Colombia. As a result, the Design Percentiles of the CBR design unit were expanded for the Asphalt Institute method, thus, allowing the approach of more reliable and safe designs, considering that this method limits the selection percentiles to three traffic levels.

Un enfoque de bajo costo para monitorear la salud estructural de los puentes peatonales

Changes in dynamic properties of structures, such as damping ratios and natural frequencies can b... more Changes in dynamic properties of structures, such as damping ratios and natural frequencies can be detected by periodic monitoring (e.g. one time by year). These changes are often indications of structural damage thereby, the maintenance or demolition of the structure can be doing in due time. In the case of pedestrian bridges, people’s movements may produce a resonance state, which leads to excessive deflection that accelerates the deterioration of these structures. Typically, these dynamic properties are detected by using high-cost vibration measurement equipment to achieve high levels of precision (i.e. a very low noise levels). This article studies the measurement of dynamic properties in pedestrian bridges using a tri-axial accelerometer integrated into a mobile phone as a low-cost and alternative practice. Accelerations were recorded on a steel pedestrian bridge (flexible) and on a post-tensioned concrete pedestrian bridge (rigid) located in Barranquilla City (Colombia). Vibra...

Normativa legal vigente aplicable durante las etapas del ciclo de vida de los proyectos civiles de obras públicas en la ciudad de Barranquilla

Revista ESPACIOS, Sep 25, 2017

Civil projects of public works in the city of Barranquilla have played a very important role in t... more Civil projects of public works in the city of Barranquilla have played a very important role in the development of the city and that is why it becomes necessary to know the regulations that must be fulfilled in each of the stages of its life cycles, being that each day the number of projects increases and this need grows. In response to this need, this research aims to compile the current legal regulations applicable during the life cycle stages of civil projects of public works in the city of Barranquilla. Firstly, the identification of the stages of the life cycle of the projects and the entities that regulate them at the national level is carried out, starting from the analysis of the information collected. The tools used to carry out this study were the PMBOK guide, interviews with professionals in the field, opinions of indirect participants and bibliographic sources.

Comparative Experimental Analysis of the Fire Resistance of Sandwich Panels with Polyisocyanourate Core Reinforced with Fiberglass Fabric

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022

Sandwich panels are systems with structural functions that are used in the field of civil constru... more Sandwich panels are systems with structural functions that are used in the field of civil construction, currently, they are used in the construction of buildings and also as cladding for walls, ceilings, among others. This article shows the results of an experimental comparative analysis of the behavior of fire resistance in two sandwich panels with structural function composed of Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam core and fiberglass-reinforced fabric of dimensions of 3150 mm × 2800 mm x 150 mm. The first-panel system on its face exposed to fire was coated with plaster plates while the other system with ceramic plates. The parameters subject to comparison for both systems were structural stability, tightness, and thermal insulation. For this, the fire resistance test was carried out evaluating the behavior of each of the Samples subjected to the exposure of the fire to compare with each other. According to the results obtained in this research, the materials used to shape the sandwich panel structure and the coating material influence the results of the parameters and the fire resist the behavior. Thus, in this study the plasterboard-coated system showed better performance against the evaluated parameters and a long time of resistance to fire than that of the ceramic-plated system, checking the thermal insulation benefits and fire protection qualities of the plaster.

Análisis de los efectos del costo y beneficio en la canalización del arroyo de la calle 84 en la ciudad de Barranquilla

Revista ESPACIOS, Aug 7, 2017

To date the problem of streams is a reality that all Barranquilleros face in Winter time, where t... more To date the problem of streams is a reality that all Barranquilleros face in Winter time, where the sectors of economy and industry in the city are affected, causing economic, material and in some cases human losses. One of the solutions by the District of Barranquilla has been the implementation of conducting rainwater through box-culverts and underground pipes, as it is for the case of the stream of the 84 street (Siape). The main objective of this research is to analyze the most relevant effects from the social, economic and environmental point of view during all stages of this construction project. In the first phase of the research, different techniques were used to search and collect information, which allowed finding the most important effects in the social, economic and environmental aspects that this project generated. The tools used for this were official technical documents of the designs, tenders, environmental management plans and statistical techniques such as surveys and interviews, which served to expand knowledge of the area of influence. The results show that the negative effects occur during the construction phase; however there are more positive effects that result in the implementation of the project, being in this case a significant valorization of the area and increase in the quality of life of the inhabitants, the most relevant effects of this construction project.

Analysis of the influence of thickness on fire reaction performance in polyisocyanurate core sandwich panels

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020

Sandwich panels (also known as insulated panels) have been traditionally used for industrial buil... more Sandwich panels (also known as insulated panels) have been traditionally used for industrial buildings and warehouses, but nowadays are being increasingly a favorable choice in building construction, mainly in wall cladding and roofing systems. This paper presents the results of an experimental and statistical comparative analysis of Fire Reaction development in sandwich panels consisting of steel sheeting and Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam core. All these PIR core sandwich panels with joints kept the same dimensions (1000 mm × 1500 mm) + (500 mm × 1500 mm), but different thicknesses (30, 50, 100 and 150 mm). Five Single Burning Item (SBI) tests were carried out on individual PIR sandwich panels with vertical joints and their results were compared between themselves. It was possible to observe through an analysis of variance that there is an influence of the sample thickness in the individual results of the SBI test parameters; however, this variability has no significant influence on the Fire Reaction performance of the samples. Overall, the importance of these alternative sandwich panels is the increase in performance in the constructive processes and the offered comfort through its thermal insulation characteristics.

Comparison of the fire resistance behaviour of structural insulated panels with expanded polystyrene core treated with intumescent coating

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2021

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Multianalytical approach of stay-in-place polyvinyl chloride formwork concrete exposed to high temperatures

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020

This work presents results of the first study of the variation by exposure to high temperatures f... more This work presents results of the first study of the variation by exposure to high temperatures from two stay-in-place polyvinyl chloride (SIP-PVC) formwork concrete exposed to the ISO 834 fire curve. A systematic sampling based on the proximity of the fire and the spalling of the concrete was carried out and microstructural, thermal, crystallographic and spectroscopic changes were studied according to the degree of affectation by fire using SEM, TGA-DTA, XRD and FTIR. The response to high temperature exposure of the microstructure of SIP-PVC formwork concrete after fire was established using the experimental results. Results show a relationship between the microstructure of concrete paste and exposure temperature, as well as, the relationship between exposure temperature and dehydration of calcium hydrates, CSH gel and Portlandite and decarbonation of Calcite. These reactions can be considered as tracers of the degree of exposure to high temperatures from stay-in-place PVC formwork concrete.

Fire resistance performance of concrete-PVC panels with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) stay in place (SIP) formwork

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2019

Stay-in-place (SIP) formwork is a more-practical alternative to traditional steel or wood formwor... more Stay-in-place (SIP) formwork is a more-practical alternative to traditional steel or wood formworks due to its improved constructability and durability. The aim of this paper was to study the fire resistance performances of structural and non-structural concrete panels with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) SIP formwork. Three 124.01 in × 110.24 in × 3.15 in panels of PVC SIP formwork were tested and compared to one another. All panels were aged for 28 days, then exposed to the standard fire curve based on the ISO 834:2014 standard, and the temperatures in each panel surface recorded. The results indicate that concrete strength significantly influenced the structural stability and the fire resistance time of the panels (under load), even in this type of panels when exposed to high temperatures. It was found that the PVC encasement enhanced the thermal insulation property, one of the fire resistance performance criteria. Overall, the importance of this alternative formwork is the reduction in the use of forest resources, the raise of awareness of their conservation, and the promotion of their rational use as this a material is friendly to the environment.

A low-cost approach to monitoring the structural health of pedestrian bridges

Proceedings 9th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCRETE UNDER SEVERE CONDITIONS-ENVIRONMENT & LOADING, 2019

A low-cost approach to monitoring the structural health of pedestrian bridges Un enfoque de bajo ... more

Comparative Analysis of the Compressive Strength of Hollow Sandcrete Blocks with Different Cavities Arrangement

Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2016

Previous analysis showed that cavity size and number on one hand and combinations thickness affec... more Previous analysis showed that cavity size and number on one hand and combinations thickness affect the compressive strength of hollow sandcrete blocks. Series arrangement of the cavities is common but parallel arrangement has been recommended. This research performed a comparative analysis of the compressive strength of cavities of different configurations. The test thin plate distributes the load on the block and the hollow block is regarded as a two way slab. The results showed that at equal end-web to centre-web thickness (1:2) and total cavity volume the stresses in the parallel configuration were higher than those in series configuration. The minimum stresses in the series arrangement were lower than the corresponding values in the parallel arrangement. In addition, the maximum stresses in the series arrangement were lower than the corresponding values for parallel arrangement. The implication is that at same volume and number of cavities and web thickness, the series arrangement results induced least stress.

Comparative experimental analysis of the fire resistance of sandwich panels with polyisocyanourate core reinforced with fiberglass fabric

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2022

Sandwich panels are systems with structural functions that are used in the field of civil constru... more Sandwich panels are systems with structural functions that are used in the field of civil construction, currently, they are used in the construction of buildings and also as cladding for walls, ceilings, among others. This article shows the results of an experimental comparative analysis of the behavior of fire resistance in two sandwich panels with structural function composed of Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam core and fiberglass-reinforced fabric of dimensions of 3150 mm × 2800 mm x 150 mm. The first-panel system on its face exposed to fire was coated with plaster plates while the other system with ceramic plates. The parameters subject to comparison for both systems were structural stability, tightness, and thermal insulation. For this, the fire resistance test was carried out evaluating the behavior of each of the Samples subjected to the exposure of the fire to compare with each other. According to the results obtained in this research, the materials used to shape the sandwich panel structure and the coating material influence the results of the parameters and the fire resist the behavior. Thus, in this study the plasterboard-coated system showed better performance against the evaluated parameters and a long time of resistance to fire than that of the ceramic-plated system, checking the thermal insulation benefits and fire protection qualities of the plaster.

Analysis of concrete beams with additional reinforcement of the bamboo splints Análisis de vigas de hormigón con refuerzo adicional a la armadura de talas de bambú

The aim of this paper is to evaluate, through bending tests, the structural behavior of reinforce... more The aim of this paper is to evaluate, through bending tests, the structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams additionally reinforced by bamboo splints. The bamboo splints are prepared from the stems of the Bambusa vulgaris species. To examine the strength of adhesion between the bamboo splint and concrete, pull out tests are performed for the specimens. The results of the pullout tests of the test samples show the strengthening of the nodes leading to an increase of the normal tension and rupture of splint and not its slip. According to the results of the bending beams, the presence of bamboo splints increases their load capacity when compared with the reference beams. This is indicative of a reduction in the amount of steel required as the structural element. The insertion of the bamboo splints in the beams provides a better performance in terms of the deflection and also leads to a slight increase in the load capacity of the beams. It is worth mentioning that the beams additionally reinforced by bamboo splints exhibit the same pattern of cracking as for reference beams.

Journal Pre-proof

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Experimental Study of Foaming Agent Proportions for Cellular Concrete Fabrication: A Case Study in Barranquilla

Cellular concrete is a mixture of cement, water, and preformed foam, whose main feature is being ... more Cellular concrete is a mixture of cement, water, and preformed foam, whose main feature is being a low-density material due to it containing uniformly distributed gas cells. To reach this, the preformed foam is composed of a solution based on a foaming agent and water, resulting in a material with a density between 320 kg⁄m 3 and 1920 kg⁄m 3 , creating an advantage over conventional concrete, which in some cases can be harmful as it normally has densities from 2300 kg⁄m 3 to 2500 kg⁄m 3. Despite the creation of this concrete type being nothing new, there is still no procedure or standardization of the proportion to be used between water and foaming agent for the preformed foam production for the creation of high-density cellular concrete (classified as a subcategory within cellular concrete category) characterized for having a minimum density of 800kg⁄m 3. The purpose of this paper is to study the behavior of the relation between water and foaming agents in the production of preformed foam for the creation of high-density cellular concrete. For it, a total of 84 cylindrical specimens were manufactured using mixtures with two different target densities (880 kg⁄m 3 and 1680 kg⁄m 3), where each of these densities is divided into three different protein foaming agent proportions (1:30, 1:35, and 1:40). The properties of the mixtures were analyzed in terms of the slump, the density, and the compressive strength. The test results revealed a pattern: as the proportion or amounts of foaming agent within the water-foaming agent ratio increased while keeping the other mixture variables constant, a decrease in compressive strength was observed. This phenomenon was inversely proportional to density, since, as the amount of foaming agent decreased, the density of the specimens increased. Mixtures that remained within the expected limits obtained compressive strength values of 3.01 MPa and 22.55 MPa, corresponding to a target density of 880 and 1680, respectively.

Use of animal fiber-reinforcement in construction materials: A review

Although natural fibers (NFs), among which animal fibers (AFs) are found, have been used for mill... more Although natural fibers (NFs), among which animal fibers (AFs) are found, have been used for millennia as reinforcement scheme of some construction materials (CMs), it is not until recent decades when scientific studies have been carried out to quantitively evaluate the impact of adding NFs into CMs, but with a special focus on vegetal fibers (VFs) over AFs. Nevertheless, there have been several studies addressing the use of AFs in different CMs and, therefore, the need of a systematic review study is evident. To contribute to this research gap, this paper presents a comprehensive review study addressing available scientific information of different types of AFs (e.g., sheep wool fibers (SWFs), chicken feathers fibers (CFFs), human hair fibers (HHFs), pig hair fibers (PHFs), silk fibers (SFs), and dog hair fibers (DHFs)) and also their use in four specific different CMs matrices (i.e., cementitious, gypsum, soil and polymer matrices). This comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Science and Science Direct, two of the largest and more prestigious scientific databases, using specific keywords and Boolean operators and the selection of the papers was based on the provision of enough quantitative information of the mixtures (e.g., specific characteristic and dosages of AFs and matrix used) as well as experimental findings. As a result of this study, organized, summarized and sufficient information is provided to support the positive use of AF as reinforcement scheme to improve some physical/thermal/mechanical/ damage/durability properties of CMs by taking advantage of the abundance of these resources worldwide. Moreover, the use of AFs might also provide environmental benefits and cost reductions, which are global objectives within the construction sector. Finally, this review study found that there are still several research gaps in the use of particular AFs (e.g., DHFs) as well as combinations between the AFs and the CMs addressed in this study (e.g., effects of PHFs in polymer matrices) and these gaps are recommended as future studies.

Compressive Strength Analysis of Mortars with Partial Replacement of Aggregate by Crushed Porcine Bone (CPB

The field of construction is directly associated with environmental pollution due to the processe... more The field of construction is directly associated with environmental pollution due to the processes and materials used, including cement, which is the main component of mortar. Therefore, it is particularly important to find new construction materials that in addition to meeting the current regulatory requirements, contribute to sustainable development and circular economy. Based on this, the present research aims to analyze the compressive strength of mortars with partial replacement of the fine aggregate by crushed porcine bone (CPB) to assess the feasibility of their application in the construction sector. For this purpose, 162 mortar cubes were manufactured, with different substitution levels (2- 10%) tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. According to the results obtained, the highest compressive strength was found for the cubes with 2% CPB substitution and a lower strength for the cubes with 10% substitution, demonstrating an inversely proportional relationship between the percentage of fine aggregate substitution by CPB (replacement of 0 gr, 44 gr, 88 gr, 132 gr, 176 gr, and 220 gr for the 9 mortar cubes) and the compressive strength of the mortar. Likewise, it was possible to show that to prepare these mixtures, these required greater quantities of water compared to a conventional mortar, due to the greater absorption of the proposed replacement material. The
objective of analyzing the behavior of porcine bone in cementitious mixtures is mainly due to the fact that this subject is scarce in the literature to date, which is why this type of research is important for the development of this new topic.

Study of the importance of core cylinders in the monitoring of the compressive strength of the concrete

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

The fulfillment of the resistance to the compression as a fundamental property of the concrete, d... more The fulfillment of the resistance to the compression as a fundamental property of the concrete, during the process of execution of a work, constitutes great work for all the factors that intervene in the constructive process. The same concrete cannot be suitable for all structures, many times when using the same mixture, failures can occur with relevant damage. This situation frequently occurs at construction sites and resources must be allocated to repair structures to guarantee their useful life. This research aims to focus on the importance of performing compressive strength tests and taking enough samples for reliable results. For this purpose, 36 concrete test samples were taken from different structural elements of work according to the requirements of the standard. Subsequently, the laboratory tests were carried out at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days with a control cylinder, to analyze the behavior of each sample according to the concrete specifications requested for the different typ...

Study on mechanical properties of mortars containing steel shot and sea sand as fine aggregate replacement

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

In this study, the use of solid waste known in the metallurgical market as steel shot that is gen... more In this study, the use of solid waste known in the metallurgical market as steel shot that is generated in the production of metallic elements has been analyzed. Normally the destination of this solid waste is the sanitary landfills of the cities or the security cells since it is classified as hazardous waste. In addition, the use of materials with high availability and that were not previously used in the construction industry, such as sea sand was used in the manufacture of mortar cubes as a fine aggregate. A granulometric analysis of each of the filling materials followed by the casting of 63 mortar cubes with four different fine aggregate replacement ratios (0%, 30%, 70% and 100%) were carried out. After the curing period, the compressive strength and the weight of the resulting mortars have been determined. The results from this study indicated that by completely replacing the fine aggregate with the steel shot waste the density and the compressive strength of the resulting mor...

The influences of perceptions in bicycle demand for users with the same socioeconomic characteristics

In this paper we analyzed the potential demand for the use of the bicycle as an alternative trans... more In this paper we analyzed the potential demand for the use of the bicycle as an alternative transport for college students and employees commuting in any area of the city of Barranquilla where currently there is not an infrastructure for this mode. For the analysis, we evaluated a simple discrete choice model incorporating perceptions variables. Our results indicate that the existence of an adequate and sufficient road infrastructure can positively affect the individuals’ decision, and could be improved by providing cycle facilities in campus like parking spots and showers or places where people can change and save clothes if necessary. We also demonstrated that individuals with the same socioeconomic characteristics and the same available alternatives, can choose different modes of transport, and their perceptions can influence their choice.

Analysis of CBR design value selection methods on flexible pavement design: Colombia case study

A comparative analysis was carried out to observe the variation of a flexible pavement structural... more A comparative analysis was carried out to observe the variation of a flexible pavement structural thickness, due to the use of different methods to calculate the CBR design value, as an essential variable to estimate the Subgrade Resilient Modulus (Mr) through an empirical correlation. The Asphalt Institute Method and the Mean Criterion Method were applied to calculate de Design CBR value of a homogeneous roadway division from a representative track section located in the Bolivar Department, Colombia. As a result, the Design Percentiles of the CBR design unit were expanded for the Asphalt Institute method, thus, allowing the approach of more reliable and safe designs, considering that this method limits the selection percentiles to three traffic levels.

Un enfoque de bajo costo para monitorear la salud estructural de los puentes peatonales

Changes in dynamic properties of structures, such as damping ratios and natural frequencies can b... more Changes in dynamic properties of structures, such as damping ratios and natural frequencies can be detected by periodic monitoring (e.g. one time by year). These changes are often indications of structural damage thereby, the maintenance or demolition of the structure can be doing in due time. In the case of pedestrian bridges, people’s movements may produce a resonance state, which leads to excessive deflection that accelerates the deterioration of these structures. Typically, these dynamic properties are detected by using high-cost vibration measurement equipment to achieve high levels of precision (i.e. a very low noise levels). This article studies the measurement of dynamic properties in pedestrian bridges using a tri-axial accelerometer integrated into a mobile phone as a low-cost and alternative practice. Accelerations were recorded on a steel pedestrian bridge (flexible) and on a post-tensioned concrete pedestrian bridge (rigid) located in Barranquilla City (Colombia). Vibra...

Normativa legal vigente aplicable durante las etapas del ciclo de vida de los proyectos civiles de obras públicas en la ciudad de Barranquilla

Revista ESPACIOS, Sep 25, 2017

Civil projects of public works in the city of Barranquilla have played a very important role in t... more Civil projects of public works in the city of Barranquilla have played a very important role in the development of the city and that is why it becomes necessary to know the regulations that must be fulfilled in each of the stages of its life cycles, being that each day the number of projects increases and this need grows. In response to this need, this research aims to compile the current legal regulations applicable during the life cycle stages of civil projects of public works in the city of Barranquilla. Firstly, the identification of the stages of the life cycle of the projects and the entities that regulate them at the national level is carried out, starting from the analysis of the information collected. The tools used to carry out this study were the PMBOK guide, interviews with professionals in the field, opinions of indirect participants and bibliographic sources.

Comparative Experimental Analysis of the Fire Resistance of Sandwich Panels with Polyisocyanourate Core Reinforced with Fiberglass Fabric

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022

Sandwich panels are systems with structural functions that are used in the field of civil constru... more Sandwich panels are systems with structural functions that are used in the field of civil construction, currently, they are used in the construction of buildings and also as cladding for walls, ceilings, among others. This article shows the results of an experimental comparative analysis of the behavior of fire resistance in two sandwich panels with structural function composed of Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam core and fiberglass-reinforced fabric of dimensions of 3150 mm × 2800 mm x 150 mm. The first-panel system on its face exposed to fire was coated with plaster plates while the other system with ceramic plates. The parameters subject to comparison for both systems were structural stability, tightness, and thermal insulation. For this, the fire resistance test was carried out evaluating the behavior of each of the Samples subjected to the exposure of the fire to compare with each other. According to the results obtained in this research, the materials used to shape the sandwich panel structure and the coating material influence the results of the parameters and the fire resist the behavior. Thus, in this study the plasterboard-coated system showed better performance against the evaluated parameters and a long time of resistance to fire than that of the ceramic-plated system, checking the thermal insulation benefits and fire protection qualities of the plaster.

Análisis de los efectos del costo y beneficio en la canalización del arroyo de la calle 84 en la ciudad de Barranquilla

Revista ESPACIOS, Aug 7, 2017

To date the problem of streams is a reality that all Barranquilleros face in Winter time, where t... more To date the problem of streams is a reality that all Barranquilleros face in Winter time, where the sectors of economy and industry in the city are affected, causing economic, material and in some cases human losses. One of the solutions by the District of Barranquilla has been the implementation of conducting rainwater through box-culverts and underground pipes, as it is for the case of the stream of the 84 street (Siape). The main objective of this research is to analyze the most relevant effects from the social, economic and environmental point of view during all stages of this construction project. In the first phase of the research, different techniques were used to search and collect information, which allowed finding the most important effects in the social, economic and environmental aspects that this project generated. The tools used for this were official technical documents of the designs, tenders, environmental management plans and statistical techniques such as surveys and interviews, which served to expand knowledge of the area of influence. The results show that the negative effects occur during the construction phase; however there are more positive effects that result in the implementation of the project, being in this case a significant valorization of the area and increase in the quality of life of the inhabitants, the most relevant effects of this construction project.

Analysis of the influence of thickness on fire reaction performance in polyisocyanurate core sandwich panels

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020

Sandwich panels (also known as insulated panels) have been traditionally used for industrial buil... more Sandwich panels (also known as insulated panels) have been traditionally used for industrial buildings and warehouses, but nowadays are being increasingly a favorable choice in building construction, mainly in wall cladding and roofing systems. This paper presents the results of an experimental and statistical comparative analysis of Fire Reaction development in sandwich panels consisting of steel sheeting and Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam core. All these PIR core sandwich panels with joints kept the same dimensions (1000 mm × 1500 mm) + (500 mm × 1500 mm), but different thicknesses (30, 50, 100 and 150 mm). Five Single Burning Item (SBI) tests were carried out on individual PIR sandwich panels with vertical joints and their results were compared between themselves. It was possible to observe through an analysis of variance that there is an influence of the sample thickness in the individual results of the SBI test parameters; however, this variability has no significant influence on the Fire Reaction performance of the samples. Overall, the importance of these alternative sandwich panels is the increase in performance in the constructive processes and the offered comfort through its thermal insulation characteristics.

Comparison of the fire resistance behaviour of structural insulated panels with expanded polystyrene core treated with intumescent coating

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2021

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Multianalytical approach of stay-in-place polyvinyl chloride formwork concrete exposed to high temperatures

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020

This work presents results of the first study of the variation by exposure to high temperatures f... more This work presents results of the first study of the variation by exposure to high temperatures from two stay-in-place polyvinyl chloride (SIP-PVC) formwork concrete exposed to the ISO 834 fire curve. A systematic sampling based on the proximity of the fire and the spalling of the concrete was carried out and microstructural, thermal, crystallographic and spectroscopic changes were studied according to the degree of affectation by fire using SEM, TGA-DTA, XRD and FTIR. The response to high temperature exposure of the microstructure of SIP-PVC formwork concrete after fire was established using the experimental results. Results show a relationship between the microstructure of concrete paste and exposure temperature, as well as, the relationship between exposure temperature and dehydration of calcium hydrates, CSH gel and Portlandite and decarbonation of Calcite. These reactions can be considered as tracers of the degree of exposure to high temperatures from stay-in-place PVC formwork concrete.

Fire resistance performance of concrete-PVC panels with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) stay in place (SIP) formwork

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2019

Stay-in-place (SIP) formwork is a more-practical alternative to traditional steel or wood formwor... more Stay-in-place (SIP) formwork is a more-practical alternative to traditional steel or wood formworks due to its improved constructability and durability. The aim of this paper was to study the fire resistance performances of structural and non-structural concrete panels with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) SIP formwork. Three 124.01 in × 110.24 in × 3.15 in panels of PVC SIP formwork were tested and compared to one another. All panels were aged for 28 days, then exposed to the standard fire curve based on the ISO 834:2014 standard, and the temperatures in each panel surface recorded. The results indicate that concrete strength significantly influenced the structural stability and the fire resistance time of the panels (under load), even in this type of panels when exposed to high temperatures. It was found that the PVC encasement enhanced the thermal insulation property, one of the fire resistance performance criteria. Overall, the importance of this alternative formwork is the reduction in the use of forest resources, the raise of awareness of their conservation, and the promotion of their rational use as this a material is friendly to the environment.

A low-cost approach to monitoring the structural health of pedestrian bridges

Proceedings 9th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCRETE UNDER SEVERE CONDITIONS-ENVIRONMENT & LOADING, 2019

A low-cost approach to monitoring the structural health of pedestrian bridges Un enfoque de bajo ... more

Comparative Analysis of the Compressive Strength of Hollow Sandcrete Blocks with Different Cavities Arrangement

Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2016

Previous analysis showed that cavity size and number on one hand and combinations thickness affec... more Previous analysis showed that cavity size and number on one hand and combinations thickness affect the compressive strength of hollow sandcrete blocks. Series arrangement of the cavities is common but parallel arrangement has been recommended. This research performed a comparative analysis of the compressive strength of cavities of different configurations. The test thin plate distributes the load on the block and the hollow block is regarded as a two way slab. The results showed that at equal end-web to centre-web thickness (1:2) and total cavity volume the stresses in the parallel configuration were higher than those in series configuration. The minimum stresses in the series arrangement were lower than the corresponding values in the parallel arrangement. In addition, the maximum stresses in the series arrangement were lower than the corresponding values for parallel arrangement. The implication is that at same volume and number of cavities and web thickness, the series arrangement results induced least stress.

Comparative experimental analysis of the fire resistance of sandwich panels with polyisocyanourate core reinforced with fiberglass fabric

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2022

Sandwich panels are systems with structural functions that are used in the field of civil constru... more Sandwich panels are systems with structural functions that are used in the field of civil construction, currently, they are used in the construction of buildings and also as cladding for walls, ceilings, among others. This article shows the results of an experimental comparative analysis of the behavior of fire resistance in two sandwich panels with structural function composed of Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam core and fiberglass-reinforced fabric of dimensions of 3150 mm × 2800 mm x 150 mm. The first-panel system on its face exposed to fire was coated with plaster plates while the other system with ceramic plates. The parameters subject to comparison for both systems were structural stability, tightness, and thermal insulation. For this, the fire resistance test was carried out evaluating the behavior of each of the Samples subjected to the exposure of the fire to compare with each other. According to the results obtained in this research, the materials used to shape the sandwich panel structure and the coating material influence the results of the parameters and the fire resist the behavior. Thus, in this study the plasterboard-coated system showed better performance against the evaluated parameters and a long time of resistance to fire than that of the ceramic-plated system, checking the thermal insulation benefits and fire protection qualities of the plaster.

Analysis of concrete beams with additional reinforcement of the bamboo splints Análisis de vigas de hormigón con refuerzo adicional a la armadura de talas de bambú

The aim of this paper is to evaluate, through bending tests, the structural behavior of reinforce... more The aim of this paper is to evaluate, through bending tests, the structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams additionally reinforced by bamboo splints. The bamboo splints are prepared from the stems of the Bambusa vulgaris species. To examine the strength of adhesion between the bamboo splint and concrete, pull out tests are performed for the specimens. The results of the pullout tests of the test samples show the strengthening of the nodes leading to an increase of the normal tension and rupture of splint and not its slip. According to the results of the bending beams, the presence of bamboo splints increases their load capacity when compared with the reference beams. This is indicative of a reduction in the amount of steel required as the structural element. The insertion of the bamboo splints in the beams provides a better performance in terms of the deflection and also leads to a slight increase in the load capacity of the beams. It is worth mentioning that the beams additionally reinforced by bamboo splints exhibit the same pattern of cracking as for reference beams.

Journal Pre-proof

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.