Patents by Jonathan Bishop
A method of and system for, assisting interaction between a user and at least one other human, wh... more A method of and system for, assisting interaction between a user and at least one other human, which includes receiving (202) action data describing at least one action performed by at least one human. The action data is decoded (204) to generate action-meaning data and the action-meaning data is used (206) to generate (208) user response data relating to how a user should respond to the at least one action.
Journal Papers by Jonathan Bishop
This paper proposes a new method for distributing votes in democratic elections in such
a way tha... more This paper proposes a new method for distributing votes in democratic elections in such
a way that allows for the public to put their trust in independent candidates or those
from small political parties. Using the case of a party founded by the authors called
The Pluralist Party the paper presents primary data to evaluate the effectiveness of the
method – called delegated transferable voting (DTV). Using an auto-ethnographical
empirical study in which one of the authors plays a significant role as anthropologist,
the paper finds that DTV is more likely to lead to the election of independent
candidates over party political ones. Pluralism advocates the election of those who are
independent of political party whips in order to best represent the people. The election
of independent candidates or small parties is a model of pluralism that can achieve
this. The empirical study, through investigating the campaigning methods used by The
Pluralist Party, shows that putting effort into an election – whether money, materials
or labour and however funded – can improve outcomes for political parties. Making
use of official government data in addition to the collected data showed that a higher
number of votes for the Pluralist Party was associated with a higher education level,
more rooms in a household, a lower number of people not in education, employment
or training, and a lower ‘knol,’ which is a unit for measuring brain activity.
Network politics is examined in the context of the Arab Spring. Network politics refers to politi... more Network politics is examined in the context of the Arab Spring. Network politics refers to politics and networks. These networks include the Internet, private networks, cellular networks, telephone networks, radio networks, television networks, etc. Network politics includes the applications of networks to enable one or more individuals or organizations to engage in political communication. Furthermore, network politics includes government regulation of networks. Finally, network politics includes the accompanying issues that arise when networks are used for political communication or when there is government regulation of networks. The domain of network politics includes, but is not limited to, e-politics (social networking for driving revolutions and organizing protests, online petitions, political blogs and vlogs, whistleblower Web sites, online campaigning, e-participation, virtual town halls, evoting, Internet freedom, access to information, net neutrality, etc.) and applications of other networks in politics (robocalling, text messaging, TV broadcasting, etc.). The definition of this field should significantly increase the pace of research and development in this important field.
Online communities are becoming an accepted part of the lives of Internet users, although partici... more Online communities are becoming an accepted part of the lives of Internet users, although participation in these communities is dependent on the types of people that form them. Some of the online community's members do not participate, people referred to as lurkers, whereas others who have been in the community for a long time, referred to as elders, participate regularly and support others. Understanding what drives these individuals and how they chose whether or not to participate will lead to online communities that thrive.
International Journal of Web-Based Communities, 2014
There is a general trend amongst mass media organisations around the world towards concentration ... more There is a general trend amongst mass media organisations around the world towards concentration of the visual, written and audio packaging and of newspapers, websites and television as channels of information. These platforms are explored in detail in this paper in relation to the moral panics around ‘internet trolling’. This paper discusses the history of trolling in the context of mass media, specifically ‘classical trolling’ and ‘Anonymous trolling’. A review of different media headlines finds that whether or not a story is portrayed in newspapers, online, or on television, the media will use a variety of ways to convey their messages. In the case of ‘trolls’, they show a darker, sinister and transgressive side of cyberspace in the form of abuse and vitriol (i.e., anonymous trolling). The paper concludes that future research should look in detail at the different character types of internet troller and how these affect the way so called ‘trolls’ are represented in the media and the effect this has on the attitude towards young internet users and trollers in general.
International Review of Law, Computers and Technology , 2013
The advancement of information and communications technology often results in early adoption, fol... more The advancement of information and communications technology often results in early adoption, followed by concern over a digital divide, followed by mass adoption and then, inevitably, abuse and misuse of that platform. The most recent of these technologies is social networking services. The early adopters used Friendster and MySpace, and the masses now use Facebook and Twitter. The abuse of people on these platforms was called Cyberbullying in the case of the first two in the 2000s, and Internet trolling in the case of the second two in the 2010s. This paper reviews the legislation enacted in the UK parliament between 1981 and 2012 to deal with these offences, called 'flame trolling', for those based on transgress humour, or electronic message faults more generally. The paper presents a framework that includes a 'Trolling Magnitude Scale' based on established trolling culture, in order to link the legislative offences to the severities of those faults, as well as to the ability of specific Internet users to tolerate them or otherwise. The paper concludes that by using this framework law enforcement agencies such as the police can apply the laws more fairly and proportionally to protect free speech and at the same time be tough on the causes of electronic message faults in the form of Internet abuse and data misuse.
International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 2013
Trolling has been one of the most talked about issue in relation to the internet in the second de... more Trolling has been one of the most talked about issue in relation to the internet in the second decade of the 21st century to date. Many people have spoken out against those who use the Internet to abuse others. It is clear that on their own, laws are not going to solve the problem of Internet abuse and datamisuse, as being tough on crime needs to be matched with being tough on the causes of crime. This paper provides an in depth interview with an Internet troller and discussion of the findings of this to provide a general framework for understanding these 'electronic message faults.' The interview with the troller makes it apparent that there are a number of similarities between the proposed anti-social personality disorder in DSM-V and flame trolling activities. An investigation into the application of the Criminal Procedure rules in United Kingdom finds a number of inconsistencies in the way the rules are followed, which it appears are causing injustices in the application of Internet trolling laws.
New Labour was a description of a particular approach to government of the British Labour Party, ... more New Labour was a description of a particular approach to government of the British Labour Party, which was in power in the United Kingdom between 1997 and 2010. While this government initially envisaged an end to the social causes of misdemeanours, its actions led to a greater number of laws on the statute books creating thousands of statutory offences. A small number of these had direct effects on the number of computer related offences that were able to be prosecuted.
Web-based communities have been an interest of social science researchers since the dawn of the m... more Web-based communities have been an interest of social science researchers since the dawn of the millennium. To date, much research into them has focused on the methods to enhance community building and understand those who do not participate in community life, known as lurkers. This paper explores web-based communities as a type of media, classifying types of web-based community such as message boards, chat groups and weblogs as genres.
Abstract Social impairments materialise in a number of forms, from developmental disabilities suc... more Abstract Social impairments materialise in a number of forms, from developmental disabilities such as autistic spectrum disorder, to psychiatric conditions such as social phobia. The individuals diagnosed with these problems find it difficult to deal with social situations through either the inability to perform in these situations or the fear of not being able to do so.
Books by Jonathan Bishop
Book Chapters by Jonathan Bishop
This chapter seeks to explore the role media content ratings play in the age of "Internet trollin... more This chapter seeks to explore the role media content ratings play in the age of "Internet trolling" and other electronic media issues like "sexting." Using ANOVA to validate a four-factor approach to media ratings based on maturity, the chapter finds the ability of a person to withstand various media content, measured in "knol," which is the brain's capacity to process information, can be used to calculate media ratings. The study concludes it is feasible to have brain-computer interfaces for PCs and kiosks to test the maturity of vulnerable persons and recommend to parents/guardians or cinema managers whether or not to allow someone access to the content they wish to consume. This could mean that computer software could be programmed to automatically censor content that person is likely to be distressed or grossly offended by. Public policy issues relating to these supply-side interventions are discussed.
The rise of online communities in Internet environments has set in motion an unprecedented shift ... more The rise of online communities in Internet environments has set in motion an unprecedented shift in power from vendors of goods and services to the customers who buy them, with those vendors who understand this transfer of power and choose to capitalize on it by organizing online communities and being richly rewarded with both peerless customer loyalty and impressive economic returns. A type of online community, the virtual world, could radically alter the way people work, learn, grow consume, and entertain. Understanding the exchange of social and economic capital in online communities could involve looking at what causes actors to spend their resources on improving someone else's reputation.
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Patents by Jonathan Bishop
Journal Papers by Jonathan Bishop
a way that allows for the public to put their trust in independent candidates or those
from small political parties. Using the case of a party founded by the authors called
The Pluralist Party the paper presents primary data to evaluate the effectiveness of the
method – called delegated transferable voting (DTV). Using an auto-ethnographical
empirical study in which one of the authors plays a significant role as anthropologist,
the paper finds that DTV is more likely to lead to the election of independent
candidates over party political ones. Pluralism advocates the election of those who are
independent of political party whips in order to best represent the people. The election
of independent candidates or small parties is a model of pluralism that can achieve
this. The empirical study, through investigating the campaigning methods used by The
Pluralist Party, shows that putting effort into an election – whether money, materials
or labour and however funded – can improve outcomes for political parties. Making
use of official government data in addition to the collected data showed that a higher
number of votes for the Pluralist Party was associated with a higher education level,
more rooms in a household, a lower number of people not in education, employment
or training, and a lower ‘knol,’ which is a unit for measuring brain activity.
Books by Jonathan Bishop
Book Chapters by Jonathan Bishop
a way that allows for the public to put their trust in independent candidates or those
from small political parties. Using the case of a party founded by the authors called
The Pluralist Party the paper presents primary data to evaluate the effectiveness of the
method – called delegated transferable voting (DTV). Using an auto-ethnographical
empirical study in which one of the authors plays a significant role as anthropologist,
the paper finds that DTV is more likely to lead to the election of independent
candidates over party political ones. Pluralism advocates the election of those who are
independent of political party whips in order to best represent the people. The election
of independent candidates or small parties is a model of pluralism that can achieve
this. The empirical study, through investigating the campaigning methods used by The
Pluralist Party, shows that putting effort into an election – whether money, materials
or labour and however funded – can improve outcomes for political parties. Making
use of official government data in addition to the collected data showed that a higher
number of votes for the Pluralist Party was associated with a higher education level,
more rooms in a household, a lower number of people not in education, employment
or training, and a lower ‘knol,’ which is a unit for measuring brain activity.
in the current economic climate and the changes needed to deliver best value to people with disabilities
and all other taxpayers. The chapter makes the finding that universities are too bloated, by carrying
out functions, which in Wales could be better handled by the public sector that is under direct control
of the Welsh Government’s education minister. This would involve learning from how the telecoms and
energy companies work UK wide, so that HEFCfW becomes an infrastructure provider, Estyn would
become responsible for ensuring the equality of access to higher education and ensuring the standards
of university education. Universities would thus consist mainly of teaching and research staff, optimising
how they use the infrastructure to attract the most students to their degrees, which are homogenised. The
chapter makes clear, however, that whilst this policy would likely work in Wales, it would be unlikely to
in England, perhaps allowing “clear red water” between governments.