Karstic environments provide a large range of rock-shelters and cave-nets and have always been "g... more Karstic environments provide a large range of rock-shelters and cave-nets and have always been "goldmines" for archaeologists, since they allow a better conservation of remains. Therefore, the first investigations conducted in East Kalimantan by Franco-Indonesian teams have focused on the numerous and impressive karst ranges and outcrops. More than 150 caves and rock-shelters have been surveyed since 1992 in the East Kutai district only, including 36 ornate caves containing a very specific rock art expression. Archaeological excavations, since 2003 in cooperation with central and local Indonesian authorities, have provided important insights into human history from the past (from 12,500 YBP) until the protocontemporary periods, in a large triangular area (Sangkulirang-Bengalone-Merapun). After seven years of investigations in the deserted area of GunungMarang, our project has moved 50km northwest towards the Merabu district (south of Berau Province), where large karstic outcrops and a complex rock art expression are present. In addition, Lebbo' local communities are still occupying these remote territories, with a relatively traditional way of life. Excavations conducted in Liang Abu, since 2009, have been an exceptional opportunity to combine complementary approaches, including ethno-historical, ethno-linguistic, archaeological (ceramic, lithic, archaeozoology) and genetic investigations. This aims to explore genetic and cultural links between Lebbo" communities and their living neighbours, their putative ancestors buried or deposited in caves and rock cracks and broader issues related to the settlement processes, origin and dispersal of the Lebbo" communities linked to karstic environment.
Poster presented to the "Movement of goods and people around the South China Sea in East Ind... more Poster presented to the "Movement of goods and people around the South China Sea in East Indonesia from the Late Neolithic to the Metal Age" session of the 8th World Archaeological Congress, 28-08-2016/02-09-2016,Kyoto, Japan.
Les fouilles de la grotte de l'Observatoire (Principauté de Monaco), remarquablement publiées dan... more Les fouilles de la grotte de l'Observatoire (Principauté de Monaco), remarquablement publiées dans le premier tome des Archives de l'Institut de Paléontologie Humaine en 1927, avaient révélé la présence dans le « foyer k » d'une vieille industrie composée d'éclats en calcaire de très grandes dimensions, autrement appelés soucoupes par Léonce de Villeneuve. La reprise pour étude de cet assemblage lithique (N=132) indique une recherche d'éclats normalisés, de morphologie trapézoïdale à quadrangulaire, débités aux dépens de volumes soigneusement sélectionnés, aménagés et exploités selon un débitage préférentiel à séquence unique. Ces grands éclats, structurés autour d'un biseau cortical brut de débitage, fin, biplan, rectiligne à légèrement convexe, recouvrent la définition du hachereau d'un point de vue technofonctionnel. Cette collection de la grotte de l'Observatoire, également composée de galets manuportés (N=159) et d'un biface, aurait un âge antérieur à 230 000 ans BP. À ce jour, cette série ne trouve aucun équivalent régional mais des rapprochements peuvent être effectués avec les « Large Flakes Industries » d'Espagne et d'Afrique du Nord, caractérisées par un débitage d'entames et la présence de hachereaux de type 0. Les soucoupes de la grotte de l'Observatoire conduisent à nous interroger sur les spécificités de cette technologie macrolithique et sur sa signification dans un contexte régional et méditerranéen. Notre étude nous amène finalement à discuter de l'hypothèse de la diffusion pour envisager celle d'une apparition locale, dans le cadre d'un savoir-faire technique qui se serait étroitement adapté à la nature du matériau d'oeuvre.
List: GP, LP and AT conducted the field research. AT performed the petrographic and technological... more List: GP, LP and AT conducted the field research. AT performed the petrographic and technological study; VR and SB the use-wear analysis; VR and DC the residue analysis. LP studied the geomorphology and stratigraphy. MAJ performed the taphonomical and zooarchaeological analysis. SS performed the photogrammetry and 3D scanning. MM conducted the spatial analysis. PS performed the granulometric analysis; MB the ZooMs analysis. VR directed the SEM-EDS and CT-scan. MG made the drawings of the lithic implements. CC prepared the graphic reconstruction of the weapon. VR, JC, AT and CL designed and conducted the experiments. AT, GP, VR, and LP wrote the paper.
This paper aims to present some aspects of the Late PleistoceneeHolocene lithic industry in the i... more This paper aims to present some aspects of the Late PleistoceneeHolocene lithic industry in the inland East Kalimantan region by studying the assemblages found in three rock shelter sites in the karstic area of the Mangkalihat peninsula. This study analyzes these assemblages in their regional techno-complex taking into consideration the environmental components. It focuses on certain aspects of stone flaking technology and the trends in the reduction sequences of the assemblages. Our results shows that the reduction sequences, flaking technology and the typology of the blanks and tools, persisted across the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary, as revealed in Liang Abu where the lithic artifacts were found throughout the stratigraphic sequence (over at least 20,000 years). Other excavations in Liang Jon and Liang Pemalawan have confirmed this continuity until the historical eras. In addition, this research emphasizes the potential influence of the environmental and climatic stability (persistence of the rain forest) during at least the last 40,000 years in this region, as well as the inland geographical location, on the continuity of the local stone flaking technology.
HAL - hal.archives-ouvertes.fr, CCSd - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Direct. Accueil;... more HAL - hal.archives-ouvertes.fr, CCSd - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Direct. Accueil; Dépôt: S'authentifier; S'inscrire. Consultation: Par domaine; Les 30 derniers dépôts; Par année de publication, rédaction, dépôt; Par type de publication; Par collection; Les portails de l'archive ouverte HAL; Par établissement (extraction automatique); ArXiv; Les Thèses (TEL). Recherche: Recherche simple; Recherche avancée; Accès par identifiant; Les Thèses ...
The excavations at the Observatoire Cave (Principality of Monaco), have been well published in th... more The excavations at the Observatoire Cave (Principality of Monaco), have been well published in the first volume of the Archives of the Institut de Paleontologie humaine in 1927. The authors document the presence in the « foyer k » of large flakes also called soucoupes (saucers or flying saucers in french) by L. de Villeneuve. The study of this lithic collection (N=132) indicates a production of trapezoidal to quadrangular flakes, detached on limestone cobbles that were cautiously selected, prepared and shortly exploited for one unique preferential product. These large flakes have been structured on a cortical distal end (or biseau), never retouched and characterized by a fine angle, a biplane section and a slightly convex delineation. In a technofunctional perspective, these large flakes clearly overlap the definition of the cleavers. This collection from the Observatoire Cave, which precedes 230 000 BP, also includes a series of cobbles (N=159) and one single handaxe. This lithic a...
Karstic environments provide a large range of rock-shelters and cave-nets and have always been "g... more Karstic environments provide a large range of rock-shelters and cave-nets and have always been "goldmines" for archaeologists, since they allow a better conservation of remains. Therefore, the first investigations conducted in East Kalimantan by Franco-Indonesian teams have focused on the numerous and impressive karst ranges and outcrops. More than 150 caves and rock-shelters have been surveyed since 1992 in the East Kutai district only, including 36 ornate caves containing a very specific rock art expression. Archaeological excavations, since 2003 in cooperation with central and local Indonesian authorities, have provided important insights into human history from the past (from 12,500 YBP) until the protocontemporary periods, in a large triangular area (Sangkulirang-Bengalone-Merapun). After seven years of investigations in the deserted area of GunungMarang, our project has moved 50km northwest towards the Merabu district (south of Berau Province), where large karstic outcrops and a complex rock art expression are present. In addition, Lebbo' local communities are still occupying these remote territories, with a relatively traditional way of life. Excavations conducted in Liang Abu, since 2009, have been an exceptional opportunity to combine complementary approaches, including ethno-historical, ethno-linguistic, archaeological (ceramic, lithic, archaeozoology) and genetic investigations. This aims to explore genetic and cultural links between Lebbo" communities and their living neighbours, their putative ancestors buried or deposited in caves and rock cracks and broader issues related to the settlement processes, origin and dispersal of the Lebbo" communities linked to karstic environment.
Poster presented to the "Movement of goods and people around the South China Sea in East Ind... more Poster presented to the "Movement of goods and people around the South China Sea in East Indonesia from the Late Neolithic to the Metal Age" session of the 8th World Archaeological Congress, 28-08-2016/02-09-2016,Kyoto, Japan.
Les fouilles de la grotte de l'Observatoire (Principauté de Monaco), remarquablement publiées dan... more Les fouilles de la grotte de l'Observatoire (Principauté de Monaco), remarquablement publiées dans le premier tome des Archives de l'Institut de Paléontologie Humaine en 1927, avaient révélé la présence dans le « foyer k » d'une vieille industrie composée d'éclats en calcaire de très grandes dimensions, autrement appelés soucoupes par Léonce de Villeneuve. La reprise pour étude de cet assemblage lithique (N=132) indique une recherche d'éclats normalisés, de morphologie trapézoïdale à quadrangulaire, débités aux dépens de volumes soigneusement sélectionnés, aménagés et exploités selon un débitage préférentiel à séquence unique. Ces grands éclats, structurés autour d'un biseau cortical brut de débitage, fin, biplan, rectiligne à légèrement convexe, recouvrent la définition du hachereau d'un point de vue technofonctionnel. Cette collection de la grotte de l'Observatoire, également composée de galets manuportés (N=159) et d'un biface, aurait un âge antérieur à 230 000 ans BP. À ce jour, cette série ne trouve aucun équivalent régional mais des rapprochements peuvent être effectués avec les « Large Flakes Industries » d'Espagne et d'Afrique du Nord, caractérisées par un débitage d'entames et la présence de hachereaux de type 0. Les soucoupes de la grotte de l'Observatoire conduisent à nous interroger sur les spécificités de cette technologie macrolithique et sur sa signification dans un contexte régional et méditerranéen. Notre étude nous amène finalement à discuter de l'hypothèse de la diffusion pour envisager celle d'une apparition locale, dans le cadre d'un savoir-faire technique qui se serait étroitement adapté à la nature du matériau d'oeuvre.
List: GP, LP and AT conducted the field research. AT performed the petrographic and technological... more List: GP, LP and AT conducted the field research. AT performed the petrographic and technological study; VR and SB the use-wear analysis; VR and DC the residue analysis. LP studied the geomorphology and stratigraphy. MAJ performed the taphonomical and zooarchaeological analysis. SS performed the photogrammetry and 3D scanning. MM conducted the spatial analysis. PS performed the granulometric analysis; MB the ZooMs analysis. VR directed the SEM-EDS and CT-scan. MG made the drawings of the lithic implements. CC prepared the graphic reconstruction of the weapon. VR, JC, AT and CL designed and conducted the experiments. AT, GP, VR, and LP wrote the paper.
This paper aims to present some aspects of the Late PleistoceneeHolocene lithic industry in the i... more This paper aims to present some aspects of the Late PleistoceneeHolocene lithic industry in the inland East Kalimantan region by studying the assemblages found in three rock shelter sites in the karstic area of the Mangkalihat peninsula. This study analyzes these assemblages in their regional techno-complex taking into consideration the environmental components. It focuses on certain aspects of stone flaking technology and the trends in the reduction sequences of the assemblages. Our results shows that the reduction sequences, flaking technology and the typology of the blanks and tools, persisted across the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary, as revealed in Liang Abu where the lithic artifacts were found throughout the stratigraphic sequence (over at least 20,000 years). Other excavations in Liang Jon and Liang Pemalawan have confirmed this continuity until the historical eras. In addition, this research emphasizes the potential influence of the environmental and climatic stability (persistence of the rain forest) during at least the last 40,000 years in this region, as well as the inland geographical location, on the continuity of the local stone flaking technology.
HAL - hal.archives-ouvertes.fr, CCSd - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Direct. Accueil;... more HAL - hal.archives-ouvertes.fr, CCSd - Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Direct. Accueil; Dépôt: S'authentifier; S'inscrire. Consultation: Par domaine; Les 30 derniers dépôts; Par année de publication, rédaction, dépôt; Par type de publication; Par collection; Les portails de l'archive ouverte HAL; Par établissement (extraction automatique); ArXiv; Les Thèses (TEL). Recherche: Recherche simple; Recherche avancée; Accès par identifiant; Les Thèses ...
The excavations at the Observatoire Cave (Principality of Monaco), have been well published in th... more The excavations at the Observatoire Cave (Principality of Monaco), have been well published in the first volume of the Archives of the Institut de Paleontologie humaine in 1927. The authors document the presence in the « foyer k » of large flakes also called soucoupes (saucers or flying saucers in french) by L. de Villeneuve. The study of this lithic collection (N=132) indicates a production of trapezoidal to quadrangular flakes, detached on limestone cobbles that were cautiously selected, prepared and shortly exploited for one unique preferential product. These large flakes have been structured on a cortical distal end (or biseau), never retouched and characterized by a fine angle, a biplane section and a slightly convex delineation. In a technofunctional perspective, these large flakes clearly overlap the definition of the cleavers. This collection from the Observatoire Cave, which precedes 230 000 BP, also includes a series of cobbles (N=159) and one single handaxe. This lithic a...
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