Ray Zimmerman

Cornell University, Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics & Management, Faculty Member

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شريده الفكر

Sugar Ray

Mindanao State Unversity-Iligan Institute of Technology

Sivkumar Mishra

IIIT Bhubaneswar

Mariano Ippolito

Università degli Studi di Palermo

Mehmet Hakan Hocaoglu

İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi

IIIT Bhubaneswar

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Papers by Ray Zimmerman

Fast decoupled power flow for unbalanced radial distribution systems

by Ray Zimmerman and Hsiao-dong Chiang

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2000

This paper presents a novel power flow fofi mulation and an effective solution method for general... more This paper presents a novel power flow fofi mulation and an effective solution method for general unbalanced radial distribution systems. Comprehensive models are considered including lines, switches, transformers, shunt capacitors, cogenerators, and several types of loads. A new problem formulation of three-phase distribution power flow equations taking into account the radial structure of the distribution network is presented. A di5 tinguishing feature of the new problem formulation is that it significantly reduces the number of power flow equations, as compared with the conventional formulation. The numerical properties as well as the structural properties of distribution systems are exploited resulting in a fast decoupled solution algorithm. The proposed solution algorithm is evaluated on three-phase unbalanced 292-bus and 394-bus test systems with very promising results.

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Testing the Effects of Price Responsive Demand on Pay-as-Offered and Soft-Cap Electricity Auctions

by Ray Zimmerman, William Schulze, and Richard Schuler

Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2002

An Internet-based platform for testing generation scheduling auctions

Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1998

This paper describes the uses and architecture of a network-centered computing-rich software plat... more This paper describes the uses and architecture of a network-centered computing-rich software platform called PowerWeb. PowerWeb was designed and built as a simulation environment for experimentally testing various power exchange auction markets through tour- naments. It is designed to host simulations of a com- petitive &quot;day-ahead&quot; electric energy market in the context of a restructured electric power industry. The PowerWeb

Experimental results for single period auctions

by Ray Zimmerman, William Schulze, and Richard Schuler

Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1998

The objective of this paper is to present experimental results for testing the performance of dif... more The objective of this paper is to present experimental results for testing the performance of different auction mechanisms related to the introduction of competitive markets for the generation of electricity. The research is based on the concept of smart markets introduced by Vernon Smith and a simulation model (PowerWeb) of a realistic bulk power system. There are unique physical aspects associated with the supply of electricity (e.g. required instantaneous matching of supply and demand, unintended congestion of parallel transmission routes and maintenance of system stability in response to disturbances). As a result, traditional theories of efficient markets and auction structures developed for other commodities may not be efficient if applied without alteration to markets for electricity. Conversely, current utility rules of operation developed for a centrally-planned regime may not be appropriate in a competitive environment.

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A uniform price auction with locational price adjustments for competitive electricity markets

by William Schulze and Ray Zimmerman

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 1999

Competitive electricity markets which rely on centralized dispatch require a mechanism to solicit... more Competitive electricity markets which rely on centralized dispatch require a mechanism to solicit offers from competing generators. Ideally, such an auction mechanism provides incentives to submit offers equal to the marginal cost of generation for each generator. Economic theory suggests that the Uniform Price auction is an appropriate institution. However, an efficient implementation of this auction in an electricity context requires that the offers used in the auction reflect the appropriate locational price adjustments for transmission losses and congestion. This paper describes a uniform price auction that incorporates locational price adjustments on a Web-based platform suitable for experimentation. Preliminary results show dramatically different price and revenue results when compared with a simple continuous Discriminative auction. ᭧

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Efficient and Reliable Reactive-Power Supply and Consumption: Insights from an Integrated Program of Engineering and Economic Research

by William Schulze, Ray Zimmerman, and Richard Schuler

In 2005, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) began discussing regulatory policy for r... more In 2005, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) began discussing regulatory policy for reactive-power procurement and pricing in competitive electricity markets. This paper summarizes findings from a unique, interdisciplinary program of public-interest research that lays a formal foundation for evaluating aspects of FERC staff recommendations and offers early insights that should be useful in guiding policy implementation, specifically by:

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Markets and Demand Management Coupling with Renewable Energy Sources

Controllable Demand For Electricity Systems With High Wind Penetrations

A Detailed Power System Planning Model: Estimating the Long-Run Impact of Carbon-Reducing Policies

by John Taber, Ray Zimmerman, and William Schulze

Matpower 5.0 User’s Manual

C.: Aweb-based platform for experimental investigation of electric power auctions. Decision Support Systems

Power System Analysis, Computing & Economics-Stability-Constrained Optimal Power Flow

The California Electricity Crisis: An Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Changing the

Motivated by the extremely high prices for wholesale electricity in California from May, 2000 to ... more Motivated by the extremely high prices for wholesale electricity in California from May, 2000 to June, 2001, this paper presents the results from four economics experiments using both industry professionals and students who compete to sell electricity in a simulated market. The market structure in the first three experiments parallels the design of the California market over time: a uniform price last accepted offer auction, a soft-cap auction, and a soft-cap auction with priceresponsive demand. The fourth experiment is a uniform price auction with price-responsive demand. Our design includes salient features of the California market: generation costs that vary to simulate high prices of natural gas, a high ratio of demand to available capacity, and a hard price cap. Participants were able to manipulate the uniform price auction and attain prices near the price cap. These high prices were sustained in the next two experiments using a soft-cap auction, even though load was price responsive. Prices were noticeably lower in the uniform price auction with price-responsive demand. Since this paper analyzes the effects of changing the market rules in California, our objectives are quite different from the numerous studies which have evaluated the importance of market power as the cause of the "California crisis."

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PowerWeb testing of various auction clearing mechanisms for electricity

Testing auction mechanisms using humans in a controlled environment provides an excellent and ine... more Testing auction mechanisms using humans in a controlled environment provides an excellent and inexpensive means for evaluating their relative merits. This paper describes a framework for testing the efficacy of various supply-side auctions including one with price-responsive load and a soft-cap market. These are compared to a non-uniform price discriminative auction also inappropriately termed a "pay-as-bid" auction.

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Estimating the Long-Run Effects of Environmental Policies on the Electricity Grid: Prices, Investment, Demand Response and Resulting Carbon Dioxide Emissions

by John Taber, Ray Zimmerman, William Schulze, and D. Tylavsky

On the capacity value of renewable energy sources in the presence of energy storage and ramping constraints

ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to analyze the value that renewable energy sources (RES) ... more ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to analyze the value that renewable energy sources (RES) have in providing capacity, and specifically study the interactions that take place in the presence of energy storage systems (ESS) and ramping constraints. To examine this question, we use a new analytical framework that optimizes over different high and low probability scenarios using a stochastic, security constrained Optimal Power Flow (S-SC-OPF). We are interested in the effect of adding a significant amount of RES and analyze the individual generator response and the consequences for overall system metrics. Past studies have shown that, while higher RES penetrations are usually associated to lower system costs, including the provision of ancillary services, the most common direct collateral consequence is the increase in the total generating capacity needed to reliably operate the system [1]. Our model determines the amount of reserves as an endogenous variable, given a set of credible contingencies and a characterization of the uncertainty coming from the renewable energy sources. The main advantage of this model is the explicit inclusion of the cost for the capacity required, both for contingency reserve and for ramping transitions between periods of analysis, as well as a valuation of the wear-and-tear incurred by the generators in these transitions. Our approach simulates several periods applying a S-SC-OPF that minimizes the total system costs including the procurement of energy and ancillary services. We applied this model to a reduction of the Northeastern Power Coordinating Council (NPCC) and calibrate the demand to a day similar to the loading conditions in a hot summer. The system results show reduction of system costs adding wind and storage into the system while helping reduce capacity.

On the usage of storage systems in the presence of ramping costs and high penetration of renewables

ABSTRACT This paper suggests a model to study the optimal procurement of energy and ancillary ser... more ABSTRACT This paper suggests a model to study the optimal procurement of energy and ancillary services in a two settlement market. The overall idea is to incorporate the best set of available information a central planner would have at the time of contracting energy in the financial market. This information is the input for setting up a stochastic program using a multi-period Optimal Power Flow. The focus is on the determination of the optimal policy rule for inter-temporal resources, including different types of storage resources.

An Economic and Engineering Analysis of Incentive-Based Carbon Dioxide Emission Reduction Policies in the Power Sector

by Ray Zimmerman and D. Mitarotonda

Page 1. 1 An Economic and Engineering Analysis of Incentive-Based Carbon Dioxide Emission Reducti... more

Experimental Evidence about the persistence of high prices in a soft-cap auction for electricity

Experimental tests of the efficiency of competitive markets for electric power using PowerWeb

by Ray Zimmerman and William Schulze

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Fast decoupled power flow for unbalanced radial distribution systems

by Ray Zimmerman and Hsiao-dong Chiang

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2000

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Testing the Effects of Price Responsive Demand on Pay-as-Offered and Soft-Cap Electricity Auctions

by Ray Zimmerman, William Schulze, and Richard Schuler

Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2002

An Internet-based platform for testing generation scheduling auctions

Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1998

Experimental results for single period auctions

by Ray Zimmerman, William Schulze, and Richard Schuler

Proceedings of the Thirty-First Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 1998

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A uniform price auction with locational price adjustments for competitive electricity markets

by William Schulze and Ray Zimmerman

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 1999

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Efficient and Reliable Reactive-Power Supply and Consumption: Insights from an Integrated Program of Engineering and Economic Research

by William Schulze, Ray Zimmerman, and Richard Schuler

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Markets and Demand Management Coupling with Renewable Energy Sources

Controllable Demand For Electricity Systems With High Wind Penetrations

A Detailed Power System Planning Model: Estimating the Long-Run Impact of Carbon-Reducing Policies

by John Taber, Ray Zimmerman, and William Schulze

Matpower 5.0 User’s Manual

C.: Aweb-based platform for experimental investigation of electric power auctions. Decision Support Systems

Power System Analysis, Computing & Economics-Stability-Constrained Optimal Power Flow

The California Electricity Crisis: An Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Changing the

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PowerWeb testing of various auction clearing mechanisms for electricity

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Estimating the Long-Run Effects of Environmental Policies on the Electricity Grid: Prices, Investment, Demand Response and Resulting Carbon Dioxide Emissions

by John Taber, Ray Zimmerman, William Schulze, and D. Tylavsky

On the capacity value of renewable energy sources in the presence of energy storage and ramping constraints

On the usage of storage systems in the presence of ramping costs and high penetration of renewables

An Economic and Engineering Analysis of Incentive-Based Carbon Dioxide Emission Reduction Policies in the Power Sector

by Ray Zimmerman and D. Mitarotonda

Page 1. 1 An Economic and Engineering Analysis of Incentive-Based Carbon Dioxide Emission Reducti... more

Experimental Evidence about the persistence of high prices in a soft-cap auction for electricity

Experimental tests of the efficiency of competitive markets for electric power using PowerWeb

by Ray Zimmerman and William Schulze

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