Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, Mar 1, 2006
Deforestation and forest degradation are proceeding rapidly in the lowland forests of Indonesian ... more Deforestation and forest degradation are proceeding rapidly in the lowland forests of Indonesian Borneo. Time series analysis of satellite imagery provides an ideal means of quantifying landscape change and identifying the pathways which lead to the changes. This study investigates the forest and land cover changes by classifying Landsat MSS (Multispectral Scanner), TM (Thematic Mapper) and ETM + (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) images over three time periods (1983-90, 1990-98, and 1998-2000), creating land cover maps for each year and change trajectories for each year-pair. The study area chosen covers an area of 2160 km 2 of undulating topography and alluvial plains in the East Kutai District of East Kalimantan Province, which in the 1980s was covered mostly with lowland dipterocarp forest; today the landscape is a patchwork dominated by oil palm and timber plantations and degraded forest. We relate land cover change data to land use allocation and to fire impacts based on fire hotspot distribution and fire damage information. The multidate land cover change trajectories provide an insight into the forest loss and degradation pathways over the 17-year period spanning the first entry of commercial logging concessionaires, followed by a governmentsponsored transmigration scheme, government-licensed timber and oil palm plantations and, finally, the devastating fires of 1998. The results show a mean deforestation rate of 42 km 2 or 6 per cent per year for 1983-2000, rising to 10 per cent per year for 1990-98; by 2000, 70 per cent of forest initially damaged by fire and drought during the 1982-83 El Niño event was classified as non-forest. Although our study area is perhaps a worst-case scenario in terms of land use planning outcomes, the lessons from this research are directly applicable to scenario prediction for informed forest and land use planning and monitoring.
Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, May 31, 2018
In 2017, Carol Colfer revisited the communities of Bushler Bay and Hood View on the Olympic Penin... more In 2017, Carol Colfer revisited the communities of Bushler Bay and Hood View on the Olympic Peninsula, where she had spent three years doing ethnographic research in the 1970s. The purposes were twofold: to test several rapid rural appraisal techniques and, as emphasized here, to assess the changes that had taken place in the interim. The ultimate goal was to contribute to USFS efforts to collaborate more effectively with women and men in forest communities. Her findings suggest that changes occurred in three (or more) spheres: livelihoods, demography, and gender relations, each of which is discussed below for each time period. Striking changes include the reduction in logging with a concomitant shift toward tourism, the demographic shift to a more elderly population (many of whom are now 'amenity migrants'), and a reduction in conflict and hostility between men and women and between 'Locals' and the USFS, some of which is replaced by dismissal and social distance between longtime residents and newcomers/environmentalists. The penultimate section discusses the losses and gains sustained by different elements within the communities; and the conclusions argue for the integration of the kind of information contained herein-complemented by ongoing facilitation-to strengthen truly adaptive, collaborative management of U.S. forests.
This study in the wake of 1990s fire catastrophes identifies and analyzes underlying causes of ve... more This study in the wake of 1990s fire catastrophes identifies and analyzes underlying causes of vegetation fires in eight locations across Borneo and Sumatra. Multidisciplinary and multiscale analysis integrates geospatial technologies with varied social research approaches and participatory mapping. It helps fill a void of site-specific evidence on diverse underlying causes of the Indonesian fires, despite emerging consensus on macrolevel causes and impacts, and policy debates on preventing future fire disasters. Our most important findings include confirmation of multiple direct and underlying fire causes at each of the eight locations, no single dominant fire cause at any site, and wide differences in fire causes among sites. Conclusions emphasize the importance of location specific studies within a regional analytical context. Our "hybrid" research methods demonstrate the explanatory power of integrating geospatial and social analysis techniques, and the benefits of analyzing fire causes and impacts at multiple scales in varied locations across diverse regions.
Brazil is a huge country, with considerable differences in policy from state to state. The State ... more Brazil is a huge country, with considerable differences in policy from state to state. The State of Acre has long been considered particularly interesting, from a policy perspective, because of its early acceptance of what Schmink and Wood (1992) characterize as a “green ...
In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles... more In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles to acknowledge the significance of population issues. Westerners are cognizant of their own roles in consuming the world’s resources and understandably consider it inappropriate to warn others about population expansion. Additionally, there is growing recognition that, for instance, in forest management, public participation is often used for the purposes of the managers, donors and project leaders, rather than for local people’s purposes (for a thorough examination of these processes as they apply to women’s reproductive rights, see Braidotti et al, 1994; Reardon, 1995; Rocheleau and Slocum, 1995; Turshen, 1995). And finally, forest managers – usually men, and usually outsiders – typically feel uncomfortable dealing with the women who live in forests. Childbearing behaviour, they believe, is too personal, and outside the realm of forestry or ecological expertise. For all these reasons,...
The 'over the top' spectacle of men's tailgating at football games was a key inspiration to these... more The 'over the top' spectacle of men's tailgating at football games was a key inspiration to these authors in their systematic and in-depth investigation of the phenomenon. They took to the road, observing, attending, participating in and asking about tailgating in four NFL (National Football League) stadiums and five college campuses all over the United States, from Buffalo, New York to San Francisco, California and points in between. They were particularly interested in the symbolic confluence of masculinity, football, and food (particularly large quantities of red meat); and in the change from cooking as a womanly endeavour to its growing popularity-in the context of 21st Century football games-among men. In Chapter 1, Veri and Liberti describe the evolution of the provision of food at football games. They trace the phenomenon from its beginnings in the late 1800s through to the present day, showing the shift, in recent years, from a simple meal of cold sandwiches, fried chicken, potato salad and soft drinks prepared by women and brought in a hamper to elaborate affairs, sometimes costing thousands of dollars, featuring beer and red meat, prepared by men. Using historical documents, they show the close links in the early days among automobiles, football, masculinity, class and ethnicity. In the mid-1950s, football and men's barbecuing at home were closely identified with Democracy and the American Way. Football and an emphasis on manliness gained importance in the 1970s, when women's liberation and women's greater entrance into the work force provided a sense of threat for many men. The new millennium has brought a dramatic fluorescence of manly cookery.
et al. 2013. Evaluating wire-snare poaching trends and the impacts of by-catch on elephants and l... more et al. 2013. Evaluating wire-snare poaching trends and the impacts of by-catch on elephants and large carnivores. Biol Conserv 158 : 26-36. Carbone C and Gittleman JL. 2002. A common rule for the scaling of carnivore density. Science 295 : 2273-76. Clements HS , Tambling CJ , Hayward MW , and Kerley GIH. 2014. An objective approach to determining the weight ranges of prey preferred by and accessible to the five large African carnivores. PLoS ONE 9 : e101054 .
The dry forest biome covers extensive areas of the global tropics. However, the understanding of ... more The dry forest biome covers extensive areas of the global tropics. However, the understanding of these forest formations from both human and biophysical perspectives varies widely both geographically and in terms of disciplinarity. While considerable resources have been made available for the sustainable management of the humid tropical forests, there has been a lack of comparable sustained attention on their dry forest equivalents. This special issue is an attempt to provide further insights into the state of the knowledge of global dry forests, and identify research gaps that could contribute to their long-term sustainability, both for human well-being and ecological integrity.
In this paper, we present a tool, the 'Who Counts Matrix', for differentiating 'forest actors', o... more In this paper, we present a tool, the 'Who Counts Matrix', for differentiating 'forest actors', or people whose well-being and forest management are intimately intertwined, from other stakeholders. We argue for focusing formal attention on forest actors in efforts to develop sustainable forest management. We suggest seven dimensions by which forest actors can be differentiated from other stakeholders, and a simple scoring technique for use by formal managers in determining whose well-being must form an integral part of sustainable forest management in a given locale. Building on the work carried out by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) on criteria and indicators, we present three illustrative sets of stakeholders, from Indonesia, Côte d'Ivoire and the United States, and Who Counts Matrices from seven trials, in an appendix. Sample 'Who Counts Matrix' Local Community Forest Workers Timber Company
Introduction: History and Conceptual Framework Carol J. Pierce Colfer and Yvonne Byron, with Ravi... more Introduction: History and Conceptual Framework Carol J. Pierce Colfer and Yvonne Byron, with Ravi Prabhu and Eva Wollenberg Section One: Gender and Diversity in Forest Management 1. Gender and Diversity in Assessing Sustainable Forest Management and Human Well-Being: Reflections on Assessment Methods Tests Conducted in Bulungan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Cynthia L. McDougall 2. The Place of Rural Women in the Management of Forest Resources: The Case of Mbalmayo and Neighboring Areas in Cameroon Anne Marie Tiani 3. Changing Gender Relationships and Forest Use: A Case Study from Komassi, Cameroon Katrina Brown and Sandrine Lapuyade Section Two: A Conservation Ethic in Forest Management 4. Traditional Knowledge and Practice of Biodiversity Conservation: The Benuaq Dayak Community of East Kalimantan, Indonesia Mustofa Agung Sardjono and Ismayadi Samsoedin 5. Assessing People's Perceptions of Forests: Research in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Carol J. Pierce Colfer, Joseph Woelfel, Reed L. Wadley, and Emily Harwell 6. In Search of a Conservation Ethic Agus Salim, Mary Ann Brocklesby, Anne Marie Tiani, Bertin Tchikangwa, Mustofa Agung Sardjono, Roberto Porro, Joseph Woelfel, and Carol J. Pierce Colfer Section Three: Security of Intergenerational Access to Resources 7. Intergenerational Equity and Sharing of Benefits in a Developing Island State: Research in Trinidad Mario G nter 8. Assessing Intergenerational Access to Resources: Using Criteria and Indicators in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Carol J. Pierce Colfer, Reed L. Wadley, Emily Harwell, and Ravi Prabhu 9. Sustainability and Security of Intergenerational Access to Resources: Participatory Mapping Studies in Gabon Norbert Gami and Robert Nasi 10. Soil Fertility and the Generation Gap: The B n of Southern Cameroon Diane Russell and Nicod me Tchamou 11. Access to Resources in Forest-Rich and Forest-Poor Contexts Roberto Porro, Anne Marie Tiani, Bertin Tchikangwa, Mustofa Agung Sardjono, Agus Salim, Carol J. Pierce Colfer, and Mary Ann Brocklesby Section Four: Rights and Responsibilities to Manage Cooperatively and Equitably 12. From 'Participation' to 'Rights and Responsibilities' in Forest Management: Workable Methods and Unworkable Assumptions in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Carol J. Pierce Colfer and Reed L. Wadley 13. Rights and Means to Manage Cooperatively and Equitably: Forest Management among Brazilian Transamazon Colonists Noemi Miyasaka Porro 14. Rights to Manage the Forest Cooperatively and Equitably in Forest-Rich and Forest-Poor Contexts Bertin Tchikangwa, Mary Ann Brocklesby, Anne Marie Tiani, Mustofa Agung Sardjono, Roberto Porro, Agus Salim, and Carol J. Pierce Colfer Section Five: Comparisons: Geograhical and Temporal 15. Sustainable Rural Communities: General Principles and North American Indicators Joseph A. Tainter 16. Forest Cover Change Analysis as a Proxy: Sustainability Assessment Using Remote Sensing and GIS in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Rona A. Dennis, Carol J. Pierce Colfer, and Atie Puntodewo Conclusion: Concluding Remarks and Next Steps References Index
Swidden cultivators are often found as a distinct category of farmers in the literature, but rare... more Swidden cultivators are often found as a distinct category of farmers in the literature, but rarely appear in population censuses or other national and regional classifications. This has led to a worldwide confusion on how many people are dependent on this form of agriculture. The most often cited number of 200-300 million dates back to the early 1970s, but the source is obscure. We assess available, published data from nine countries in Southeast Asia and conclude that on this basis it is not possible to provide a firm estimate of the number of swidden cultivators in the region. A conservative range of 14-34 million people engaged in swidden cultivation in the region is suggested, however. We argue that along with improved knowledge of swidden livelihoods, there is an urgent need to develop techniques that will allow for better estimates of swidden populations in order to secure appropriate rural development and poverty reduction in swidden areas.
'Criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management'. Papers presented at a IUFRO/CIFOR/FAO conference 'Sustainable forest management: fostering stakeholder input to advance development of scientifically based indicators' held in Melbourne, Australia, August 1998
The Supervisory Control Theory (SCT) is already widespread in the academic environment, using the... more The Supervisory Control Theory (SCT) is already widespread in the academic environment, using the automata theory as a base to model the control systems. However, such a theory is not common in the industrial environment. Therefore the resolution of supervisory control problems has been done without the usage of a formal procedure.
Research on the role of local institutions in confl ict management is still limited. This study h... more Research on the role of local institutions in confl ict management is still limited. This study highlights various inter-settlement confl icts over the issue of unclear resource boundaries in Danau Sentarum National Park, Indonesia. The park is home to two major ethnic groups (Dayak Iban and Malay) whose livelihoods are highly dependent on fi sh and forest resources available in the park area. We demonstrate how local institutions (adat) are used to address boundary confl icts and consider their effectiveness. The study also discusses challenges that adat face in ensuring the effectiveness of confl ict management. We argue that enhancing communication and developing a mechanism of exchange among settlements engaged in confl ict will promote better understanding of the problem and thus allows improvement in the current approaches in managing confl ict. We propose a co-management arrangement to ensure the sustainability of the park and to constructively manage the confl ict in the area.
Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, Mar 1, 2006
Deforestation and forest degradation are proceeding rapidly in the lowland forests of Indonesian ... more Deforestation and forest degradation are proceeding rapidly in the lowland forests of Indonesian Borneo. Time series analysis of satellite imagery provides an ideal means of quantifying landscape change and identifying the pathways which lead to the changes. This study investigates the forest and land cover changes by classifying Landsat MSS (Multispectral Scanner), TM (Thematic Mapper) and ETM + (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) images over three time periods (1983-90, 1990-98, and 1998-2000), creating land cover maps for each year and change trajectories for each year-pair. The study area chosen covers an area of 2160 km 2 of undulating topography and alluvial plains in the East Kutai District of East Kalimantan Province, which in the 1980s was covered mostly with lowland dipterocarp forest; today the landscape is a patchwork dominated by oil palm and timber plantations and degraded forest. We relate land cover change data to land use allocation and to fire impacts based on fire hotspot distribution and fire damage information. The multidate land cover change trajectories provide an insight into the forest loss and degradation pathways over the 17-year period spanning the first entry of commercial logging concessionaires, followed by a governmentsponsored transmigration scheme, government-licensed timber and oil palm plantations and, finally, the devastating fires of 1998. The results show a mean deforestation rate of 42 km 2 or 6 per cent per year for 1983-2000, rising to 10 per cent per year for 1990-98; by 2000, 70 per cent of forest initially damaged by fire and drought during the 1982-83 El Niño event was classified as non-forest. Although our study area is perhaps a worst-case scenario in terms of land use planning outcomes, the lessons from this research are directly applicable to scenario prediction for informed forest and land use planning and monitoring.
Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, May 31, 2018
In 2017, Carol Colfer revisited the communities of Bushler Bay and Hood View on the Olympic Penin... more In 2017, Carol Colfer revisited the communities of Bushler Bay and Hood View on the Olympic Peninsula, where she had spent three years doing ethnographic research in the 1970s. The purposes were twofold: to test several rapid rural appraisal techniques and, as emphasized here, to assess the changes that had taken place in the interim. The ultimate goal was to contribute to USFS efforts to collaborate more effectively with women and men in forest communities. Her findings suggest that changes occurred in three (or more) spheres: livelihoods, demography, and gender relations, each of which is discussed below for each time period. Striking changes include the reduction in logging with a concomitant shift toward tourism, the demographic shift to a more elderly population (many of whom are now 'amenity migrants'), and a reduction in conflict and hostility between men and women and between 'Locals' and the USFS, some of which is replaced by dismissal and social distance between longtime residents and newcomers/environmentalists. The penultimate section discusses the losses and gains sustained by different elements within the communities; and the conclusions argue for the integration of the kind of information contained herein-complemented by ongoing facilitation-to strengthen truly adaptive, collaborative management of U.S. forests.
This study in the wake of 1990s fire catastrophes identifies and analyzes underlying causes of ve... more This study in the wake of 1990s fire catastrophes identifies and analyzes underlying causes of vegetation fires in eight locations across Borneo and Sumatra. Multidisciplinary and multiscale analysis integrates geospatial technologies with varied social research approaches and participatory mapping. It helps fill a void of site-specific evidence on diverse underlying causes of the Indonesian fires, despite emerging consensus on macrolevel causes and impacts, and policy debates on preventing future fire disasters. Our most important findings include confirmation of multiple direct and underlying fire causes at each of the eight locations, no single dominant fire cause at any site, and wide differences in fire causes among sites. Conclusions emphasize the importance of location specific studies within a regional analytical context. Our "hybrid" research methods demonstrate the explanatory power of integrating geospatial and social analysis techniques, and the benefits of analyzing fire causes and impacts at multiple scales in varied locations across diverse regions.
Brazil is a huge country, with considerable differences in policy from state to state. The State ... more Brazil is a huge country, with considerable differences in policy from state to state. The State of Acre has long been considered particularly interesting, from a policy perspective, because of its early acceptance of what Schmink and Wood (1992) characterize as a “green ...
In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles... more In recent years, there has been a certain reluctance in some development and conservation circles to acknowledge the significance of population issues. Westerners are cognizant of their own roles in consuming the world’s resources and understandably consider it inappropriate to warn others about population expansion. Additionally, there is growing recognition that, for instance, in forest management, public participation is often used for the purposes of the managers, donors and project leaders, rather than for local people’s purposes (for a thorough examination of these processes as they apply to women’s reproductive rights, see Braidotti et al, 1994; Reardon, 1995; Rocheleau and Slocum, 1995; Turshen, 1995). And finally, forest managers – usually men, and usually outsiders – typically feel uncomfortable dealing with the women who live in forests. Childbearing behaviour, they believe, is too personal, and outside the realm of forestry or ecological expertise. For all these reasons,...
The 'over the top' spectacle of men's tailgating at football games was a key inspiration to these... more The 'over the top' spectacle of men's tailgating at football games was a key inspiration to these authors in their systematic and in-depth investigation of the phenomenon. They took to the road, observing, attending, participating in and asking about tailgating in four NFL (National Football League) stadiums and five college campuses all over the United States, from Buffalo, New York to San Francisco, California and points in between. They were particularly interested in the symbolic confluence of masculinity, football, and food (particularly large quantities of red meat); and in the change from cooking as a womanly endeavour to its growing popularity-in the context of 21st Century football games-among men. In Chapter 1, Veri and Liberti describe the evolution of the provision of food at football games. They trace the phenomenon from its beginnings in the late 1800s through to the present day, showing the shift, in recent years, from a simple meal of cold sandwiches, fried chicken, potato salad and soft drinks prepared by women and brought in a hamper to elaborate affairs, sometimes costing thousands of dollars, featuring beer and red meat, prepared by men. Using historical documents, they show the close links in the early days among automobiles, football, masculinity, class and ethnicity. In the mid-1950s, football and men's barbecuing at home were closely identified with Democracy and the American Way. Football and an emphasis on manliness gained importance in the 1970s, when women's liberation and women's greater entrance into the work force provided a sense of threat for many men. The new millennium has brought a dramatic fluorescence of manly cookery.
et al. 2013. Evaluating wire-snare poaching trends and the impacts of by-catch on elephants and l... more et al. 2013. Evaluating wire-snare poaching trends and the impacts of by-catch on elephants and large carnivores. Biol Conserv 158 : 26-36. Carbone C and Gittleman JL. 2002. A common rule for the scaling of carnivore density. Science 295 : 2273-76. Clements HS , Tambling CJ , Hayward MW , and Kerley GIH. 2014. An objective approach to determining the weight ranges of prey preferred by and accessible to the five large African carnivores. PLoS ONE 9 : e101054 .
The dry forest biome covers extensive areas of the global tropics. However, the understanding of ... more The dry forest biome covers extensive areas of the global tropics. However, the understanding of these forest formations from both human and biophysical perspectives varies widely both geographically and in terms of disciplinarity. While considerable resources have been made available for the sustainable management of the humid tropical forests, there has been a lack of comparable sustained attention on their dry forest equivalents. This special issue is an attempt to provide further insights into the state of the knowledge of global dry forests, and identify research gaps that could contribute to their long-term sustainability, both for human well-being and ecological integrity.
In this paper, we present a tool, the 'Who Counts Matrix', for differentiating 'forest actors', o... more In this paper, we present a tool, the 'Who Counts Matrix', for differentiating 'forest actors', or people whose well-being and forest management are intimately intertwined, from other stakeholders. We argue for focusing formal attention on forest actors in efforts to develop sustainable forest management. We suggest seven dimensions by which forest actors can be differentiated from other stakeholders, and a simple scoring technique for use by formal managers in determining whose well-being must form an integral part of sustainable forest management in a given locale. Building on the work carried out by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) on criteria and indicators, we present three illustrative sets of stakeholders, from Indonesia, Côte d'Ivoire and the United States, and Who Counts Matrices from seven trials, in an appendix. Sample 'Who Counts Matrix' Local Community Forest Workers Timber Company
Introduction: History and Conceptual Framework Carol J. Pierce Colfer and Yvonne Byron, with Ravi... more Introduction: History and Conceptual Framework Carol J. Pierce Colfer and Yvonne Byron, with Ravi Prabhu and Eva Wollenberg Section One: Gender and Diversity in Forest Management 1. Gender and Diversity in Assessing Sustainable Forest Management and Human Well-Being: Reflections on Assessment Methods Tests Conducted in Bulungan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia Cynthia L. McDougall 2. The Place of Rural Women in the Management of Forest Resources: The Case of Mbalmayo and Neighboring Areas in Cameroon Anne Marie Tiani 3. Changing Gender Relationships and Forest Use: A Case Study from Komassi, Cameroon Katrina Brown and Sandrine Lapuyade Section Two: A Conservation Ethic in Forest Management 4. Traditional Knowledge and Practice of Biodiversity Conservation: The Benuaq Dayak Community of East Kalimantan, Indonesia Mustofa Agung Sardjono and Ismayadi Samsoedin 5. Assessing People's Perceptions of Forests: Research in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Carol J. Pierce Colfer, Joseph Woelfel, Reed L. Wadley, and Emily Harwell 6. In Search of a Conservation Ethic Agus Salim, Mary Ann Brocklesby, Anne Marie Tiani, Bertin Tchikangwa, Mustofa Agung Sardjono, Roberto Porro, Joseph Woelfel, and Carol J. Pierce Colfer Section Three: Security of Intergenerational Access to Resources 7. Intergenerational Equity and Sharing of Benefits in a Developing Island State: Research in Trinidad Mario G nter 8. Assessing Intergenerational Access to Resources: Using Criteria and Indicators in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Carol J. Pierce Colfer, Reed L. Wadley, Emily Harwell, and Ravi Prabhu 9. Sustainability and Security of Intergenerational Access to Resources: Participatory Mapping Studies in Gabon Norbert Gami and Robert Nasi 10. Soil Fertility and the Generation Gap: The B n of Southern Cameroon Diane Russell and Nicod me Tchamou 11. Access to Resources in Forest-Rich and Forest-Poor Contexts Roberto Porro, Anne Marie Tiani, Bertin Tchikangwa, Mustofa Agung Sardjono, Agus Salim, Carol J. Pierce Colfer, and Mary Ann Brocklesby Section Four: Rights and Responsibilities to Manage Cooperatively and Equitably 12. From 'Participation' to 'Rights and Responsibilities' in Forest Management: Workable Methods and Unworkable Assumptions in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Carol J. Pierce Colfer and Reed L. Wadley 13. Rights and Means to Manage Cooperatively and Equitably: Forest Management among Brazilian Transamazon Colonists Noemi Miyasaka Porro 14. Rights to Manage the Forest Cooperatively and Equitably in Forest-Rich and Forest-Poor Contexts Bertin Tchikangwa, Mary Ann Brocklesby, Anne Marie Tiani, Mustofa Agung Sardjono, Roberto Porro, Agus Salim, and Carol J. Pierce Colfer Section Five: Comparisons: Geograhical and Temporal 15. Sustainable Rural Communities: General Principles and North American Indicators Joseph A. Tainter 16. Forest Cover Change Analysis as a Proxy: Sustainability Assessment Using Remote Sensing and GIS in West Kalimantan, Indonesia Rona A. Dennis, Carol J. Pierce Colfer, and Atie Puntodewo Conclusion: Concluding Remarks and Next Steps References Index
Swidden cultivators are often found as a distinct category of farmers in the literature, but rare... more Swidden cultivators are often found as a distinct category of farmers in the literature, but rarely appear in population censuses or other national and regional classifications. This has led to a worldwide confusion on how many people are dependent on this form of agriculture. The most often cited number of 200-300 million dates back to the early 1970s, but the source is obscure. We assess available, published data from nine countries in Southeast Asia and conclude that on this basis it is not possible to provide a firm estimate of the number of swidden cultivators in the region. A conservative range of 14-34 million people engaged in swidden cultivation in the region is suggested, however. We argue that along with improved knowledge of swidden livelihoods, there is an urgent need to develop techniques that will allow for better estimates of swidden populations in order to secure appropriate rural development and poverty reduction in swidden areas.
'Criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management'. Papers presented at a IUFRO/CIFOR/FAO conference 'Sustainable forest management: fostering stakeholder input to advance development of scientifically based indicators' held in Melbourne, Australia, August 1998
The Supervisory Control Theory (SCT) is already widespread in the academic environment, using the... more The Supervisory Control Theory (SCT) is already widespread in the academic environment, using the automata theory as a base to model the control systems. However, such a theory is not common in the industrial environment. Therefore the resolution of supervisory control problems has been done without the usage of a formal procedure.
Research on the role of local institutions in confl ict management is still limited. This study h... more Research on the role of local institutions in confl ict management is still limited. This study highlights various inter-settlement confl icts over the issue of unclear resource boundaries in Danau Sentarum National Park, Indonesia. The park is home to two major ethnic groups (Dayak Iban and Malay) whose livelihoods are highly dependent on fi sh and forest resources available in the park area. We demonstrate how local institutions (adat) are used to address boundary confl icts and consider their effectiveness. The study also discusses challenges that adat face in ensuring the effectiveness of confl ict management. We argue that enhancing communication and developing a mechanism of exchange among settlements engaged in confl ict will promote better understanding of the problem and thus allows improvement in the current approaches in managing confl ict. We propose a co-management arrangement to ensure the sustainability of the park and to constructively manage the confl ict in the area.
MASCULINITIES IN FORESTS Representations of Diversity, 2020
Forward to Carol Colfer's book Masculinities in Forests 2020.
Masculinities in Forests supports m... more Forward to Carol Colfer's book Masculinities in Forests 2020. Masculinities in Forests supports more comprehensive research and practice by demonstrating mutual influences between masculine identities and environmental management, and by applying concepts of plural masculinities and intersectionality to varying manifestations of those processes. It challenges universalizing stereotypes about men by presenting unique empirical findings, and by showing how they vary across sociocultural, ethnoracial and ecological contexts. This book will support foresters, ecologists, natural resource managers and gender scholars to strengthen their attention to men and masculine identities, thereby increasing the rigour of empirical research and enhancing the design and outcomes of policies and projects.
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Papers by Carol Colfer
Masculinities in Forests supports more comprehensive research and practice by demonstrating mutual influences between masculine identities and environmental management, and by applying concepts of plural masculinities and intersectionality to varying manifestations of those processes. It challenges universalizing stereotypes about men by presenting unique empirical findings, and by showing how they vary across sociocultural, ethnoracial and ecological contexts. This book will support foresters, ecologists, natural resource managers and gender scholars to strengthen their attention to men and masculine identities,
thereby increasing the rigour of empirical research and enhancing the design and outcomes of policies and projects.