Papers by Maria Ines Bergoglio
Encyclopedia of Law & Society: American and Global Perspectives
Al igual que en otros países de la región, en Argentina la preocupación pública por la seguridad ... more Al igual que en otros países de la región, en Argentina la preocupación pública por la seguridad frente al delito estimula las demandas de endurecimiento del castigo penal, así como proyectos de reforma de la justicia penal. Entre estas iniciativas, la institución del juicio con jurados adquiere relevancia especial, en tanto constituye una vía de democratización del poder de juzgar y de relegitimación de la justicia penal. Históricamente, la participación lega en la Administración de Justicia ha sido vista como un mecanismo para atenuar la dureza de los castigos impuestos por los magistrados. En cambio, su implementación-ya iniciada en la provincia de Córdoba y en proyecto a nivel federal-ocurre en un * Este proyecto ha sido llevado adelante gracias a los subsidios otorgados por la
... María Inés Bergoglio ... La obra de Florencio Sánchez, “M´hijo el dotor” presenta con trazos ... more ... María Inés Bergoglio ... La obra de Florencio Sánchez, “M´hijo el dotor” presenta con trazos vívidos lo que estos procesos implicaron en la vida de la gente común. ... Generaron la creencia de que el camino hacia el éxito está abierto para cualquier persona. ...
Encyclopedia of Law & Society: American and Global Perspectives
Law & Society Review, Sep 1, 2017
In 2008, Valerie Hans wrote an article that provided a research agenda for jury scholars, highlig... more In 2008, Valerie Hans wrote an article that provided a research agenda for jury scholars, highlighting the importance of comparative work, to understand how citizen participation interacts with the cultural, political, economic, and legal traditions in different countries. She emphasized the importance of studying newly emerging systems to observe whether legal consciousness and the public legitimacy of the legal system are affected when citizens participate as decision makers. This issue has been difficult to study with stable existing systems (Hans 2008: 292).Living in Cordoba, the Argentine province where lay participation had just started after a century and a half of constitutional disobedience, I found her remarks especially inspiring for my own work. The quick expansion of international research cooperation, by means of CRNs and IRCs gave me the forum for a rich exchange of research methodologies and findings with scholars coming from many other recently democratized countries, like Korea, Croatia, or Spain. Nevertheless, looking backwards I must admit, as she does, that lessons have been learned about how lay participation systems work in different countries but that comparative information is still scarce.Her presidential address is oriented to develop a comprehensive account of the global dissemination of institutions of lay participation in law (Hans 2017: 2). In line with this goal, I would like to reflect on the process of adoption of this institution in Argentina, trying to understand how our long history of failed attempts has finally resulted in a successful transplant. This experience could be useful to clarify the conditions under which a new legal institution is translated to the local legal culture (Langer 2007), and to discuss the contribution of socio-legal scholars to transplants.An Old Story of TransplantsLegal transplants have had an extended record in Argentina. The variety of sources that have inspired the Argentine legal culture and the contradictions found therein have been summarized by the legal philosopher (Ciuro Caldani 2006: 56) "Materially speaking, having our Constitution based on the American model, our Civil Law referring to the French paradigm speaking, our Procedural Law of Spanish influence, our Administrative Law with French references, and our Labor Law following the Italian model, and in turn, having a predominantly Italo-Hispanic population, obliges us to seek an adaptation, a synthesis, as yet unattained."The description made by Hans of the recent Argentinean experiences in lay participation in judicial decisions is thorough and complete. Therefore, I will focus in providing further details, which may be useful to understand how a century-long rejection to this initiative was finally abandoned.The roots of lay participation in judicial decision making are quite deep in Argentina, as the French liberal tradition that inspired the 1810 Revolution. Mariano Moreno, the secretary of the first independent government, proposed it for press crimes, in 1811. Understood as a guarantee against the abuse of state power, trial by jury can also be found in drafts proposed during the first Constitutional Assembly, held in 1813. These initial proposals took place in a context marked by liberal ideas and lack of confidence in judicial authorities.Other Latin American countries such as Venezuela and Mexico have shown a similar evolution,1 including lay participation in judicial making in their first Constitutional attempts, but with little or no presence in legal practices. Only Brazil, where lay participation started during the Portuguese rule, incorporated effectively the institution.2Trial by jury was also prescribed by the Argentine Constitutions of 1819 and 1826,3 as well as in the 1853 Constitution, the legal text that presided the national organization after many decades of civil war. The process of organizing political institutions was quite slow-the first Supreme Court Justices took their oath in 1863-and for some time courts continued to work as they used to during colonial times. …
Derecho y Ciencias Sociales, 2009
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 29, 2021
Revista iusta, Jul 7, 2016
La correspondencia relativa a este artículo puede dirigirse a
Legal Culture in the Age of Globalization, 2003
El presente proyecto de investigacion se orienta a analizar la institucion del juicio por jurados... more El presente proyecto de investigacion se orienta a analizar la institucion del juicio por jurados, considerada como un punto estrategico para la observacion de los procesos de cambio que recorren la cultura juridica en Argentina. Frente a las multiples transformaciones y a los intensos procesos de reestructuracion de las relaciones sociales observados en el contexto latinoamericano y especialmente en Argentina, la necesidad de reconstruir la legitimidad de los jueces ante la opinion publica se ha vuelto impostergable, y el recurso a la participacion popular en el campo judicial aparece como un instrumento util para ello. Analizar la efectividad de esta estrategia para la legitimacion del poder judicial es uno de los objetivos del presente proyecto de investigacion. Abordar dicho objetivo implica, indagar en la relacion entre la administracion de justicia y diferentes actores sociales, especialmente los miembros de la profesion juridica y la opinion publica.Se explora igualmente la c...
Law & Society Review, 2017
Mar ıa In es Bergoglio In 2008, Valerie Hans wrote an article that provided a research agenda for... more Mar ıa In es Bergoglio In 2008, Valerie Hans wrote an article that provided a research agenda for jury scholars, highlighting the importance of comparative work, to understand how citizen participation interacts with the cultural, political, economic, and legal traditions in different countries. She emphasized the importance of studying newly emerging systems to observe whether legal consciousness and the public legitimacy of the legal system are affected when citizens participate as decision makers. This issue has been difficult to study with stable existing systems (Hans 2008: 292). Living in Cordoba, the Argentine province where lay participation had just started after a century and a half of constitutional disobedience, I found her remarks especially inspiring for my own work. The quick expansion of international research cooperation, by means of CRNs and IRCs gave me the forum for a rich exchange of research methodologies and findings with scholars coming from many other recently democratized countries, like Korea, Croatia, or Spain. Nevertheless, looking backwards I must admit, as she does, that lessons have been learned about how lay participation systems work in different countries but that comparative information is still scarce. Her presidential address is oriented to develop a comprehensive account of the global dissemination of institutions of lay participation in law (Hans 2017: 2). In line with this goal, I would like to reflect on the process of adoption of this institution in Argentina, trying to understand how our long history of failed attempts has finally resulted in a successful transplant. This experience could be useful to clarify the conditions under which a new legal institution is translated to the local legal culture (Langer 2007), and to discuss the contribution of socio-legal scholars to transplants.
Al igual que en otros países de la región, en Argentina la preocupación pública por la seguridad ... more Al igual que en otros países de la región, en Argentina la preocupación pública por la seguridad frente al delito estimula las demandas de endurecimiento del castigo penal, así como proyectos de reforma de la justicia penal. Entre estas iniciativas, la institución del juicio con jurados adquiere relevancia especial, en tanto constituye una vía de democratización del poder de juzgar y de relegitimación de la justicia penal. Históricamente, la participación lega en la Administración de Justicia ha sido vista como un mecanismo para atenuar la dureza de los castigos impuestos por los magistrados. En cambio, su implementación-ya iniciada en la provincia de Córdoba y en proyecto a nivel federal-ocurre en un * Este proyecto ha sido llevado adelante gracias a los subsidios otorgados por la
The Second ISA Forum of Sociology (August 1-4, 2012), Aug 1, 2012
Big Law in Latin America and Spain, 2017
Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 2016
In 2004, the Province of Córdoba, Argentina implemented lay participation in criminal decisions b... more In 2004, the Province of Córdoba, Argentina implemented lay participation in criminal decisions by means of Law 9182. The law was passed within a context of national debate concerning efficient measures to fight against insecurity and crime. These debates were brought about by a social movement led by Juan Carlos Blumberg, which demanded harsher penalties and judicial reform as means to improve urban safety. Data obtained in two public opinions studies, conducted in 1993 and 2011, are used to analyze trends in attitudes towards criminal punishment, including issues such as the image of criminals or opinions on capital punishment. The revision also includes the influence of the fear of crime on attitudes towards punishment. The analysis of citizen views on punishment extends beyond public opinion data to the judicial field, reviewing how these views are expressed during jury service. Using a set of 213 sentences decided between 2005 and 2012, juror and judge decisions on the same cases are compared.
Politeia, 1996
Se revisan algunos factores que favorecen la extensión de prácticas corruptas en América Latina, ... more Se revisan algunos factores que favorecen la extensión de prácticas corruptas en América Latina, con especial atención a la situación argentina. Utilizando distintas fuen-tes datos, se documenta la extensión de prácticas corruptas de distintos niveles y se ob-servan sus efectos sobre el proceso de democratización. Se sostiene que el aumento de las denuncias, en parte posible gracias al mayor clima de libertad aportado por la demo-cratización, tiene ciertas consecuencias sobre este proceso.
Los Actores De La Justicia Latinoamericana 2007 Isbn 978 84 7800 376 1 Pags 57 86, 2007
The article analyzes recent changes in the legal profession in Latin America, showing how inequal... more The article analyzes recent changes in the legal profession in Latin America, showing how inequality is deepening among lawyers. Increasing stratification of the population, the emergence of big law firms and new forms of professional practice are the sources of these growing inequalities. Reviewing results of empirical research in different countries of the region, the article depicts the trend to stratification in the profession and its regional scope. From this perspective, the styles of work typical of different professional strata are described. The meaning of these trends is discussed in connection to changes in regional legal culture. Resumen El artículo analiza cambios recientes en la profesión jurídica en América Latina, mostrando cómo la desigualdad entre los abogados se está profundizando. La agudización de la estratificación entre la población general, la emergencia de las grandes firmas de abogados y de nuevas formas de práctica profesional son las fuentes de estas desigualdades crecientes. Revisando los resultados de investigaciones empíricas en diferentes países de la región, el artículo describe las tendencias a la estratificación profesional y su alcance regional. Igualmente se presentan los estilos de trabajos típicos de diferentes grupos dentro de la profesión. Se discute el significado de estas tendencias en conexión con los cambios en la cultura jurídica regional.
Derecho Y Ciencias Sociales, Apr 1, 2009
Derecho Y Ciencias Sociales, Apr 1, 2009
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Papers by Maria Ines Bergoglio