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Hontas Farmer

College of DuPage, Division of Mathematics and Physical Science, Adjunct

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I have a MS in Physics from DePaul University. My MS thesis was in the area of Astrophysics, specifically star formation, and methanol masers. I was advised by Anuj P Sarma PhD.

I have taken courses in graduate level physics covering theoretical topics from General Relativity to Quantum Field theory and Particle Physics.

My BS was attained in 2003 from Northern Illinois University.

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Alessandra Fisher

Andreas Kyriakou

Rosa Awilda López Fernández

Krushna Chaudhari

University of Manchester

Miroslav Imbrisevic

The Open University

Marina Pierdominici

Gowri M Ratnayake

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Papers by Hontas Farmer

Genetic Causation of Transgender Neruobiological Identity, An Annotated Bibliography

Authorea (Authorea), Jan 24, 2022

New horizons for fundamental physics with LISA

Living reviews in relativity, Jun 30, 2022

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the funda... more The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the fundamental theory of nature at play in the extreme gravity regime, where the gravitational interaction is both strong and dynamical. In this white paper, the Fundamental Physics Working Group of the LISA Consortium summarizes the current topics in fundamental physics where LISA observations of gravitational waves can be expected to provide key input. We provide the briefest of reviews to then delineate avenues for future research directions and to discuss connections between this working group, other working groups and the consortium work package teams. These connections must be developed for LISA to live up to its science potential in these areas.

New horizons for fundamental physics with LISA

Living Reviews in Relativity

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the funda... more The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the fundamental theory of nature at play in the extreme gravity regime, where the gravitational interaction is both strong and dynamical. In this white paper, the Fundamental Physics Working Group of the LISA Consortium summarizes the current topics in fundamental physics where LISA observations of gravitational waves can be expected to provide key input. We provide the briefest of reviews to then delineate avenues for future research directions and to discuss connections between this working group, other working groups and the consortium work package teams. These connections must be developed for LISA to live up to its science potential in these areas.

Quantum Gravity: Have We Been Asking The Right Question?

By Simple Calculation Black Hole Firewalls Exist and This Is How Hot They Are

This very short paper resolves the matter of black hole firewalls by computing the approximate te... more This very short paper resolves the matter of black hole firewalls by computing the approximate temperature of a Planck mass black hole. Based on previously published work on black hole temperature I present a precise prediction of the temperature of the Hawking radiation in this situation. The quantum that collapses into the black hole experiences a temperature of 1.410 septillion kelvin. This high temperature would last for about one Planck time. This certainly qualifies as a firewall. 1

Quantum Gravity, May Not Be The Right Question

Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 2017

A Lagrangian Which Models Lambda CDM Cosmology and Explains the Null Results of Direct Detection Efforts

viXra, 2011

The purpose of this paper is to reconcile observations of dark matter effects on the galactic and... more The purpose of this paper is to reconcile observations of dark matter effects on the galactic and cosmological scales with the null results of astroparticle physics observations such as CDMS and ANTARES. This paper will also provide a candidate unified and simpler mathematical formulation for the Lambda CDM model. Unification is achieved by a combination of the f(R) approach, with the standard LCDM approach and inflationary models. It is postulated that dark matter-energy fields depend on the Ricci curvature R. Standard methods of classical and quantum field theory on curved space time are applied. When this model is treated as a quantum field theory in curved space-time, the dark matter-dark matter fermion annihilation cross section grows as the square of the Ricci scalar. It is proposed and mathematically demonstrated that in this model dark matter particles could have shorter lifetimes in regions of relatively strong gravity such as near the sun, near the Earth, or any other larg...

Unification of Fundamental Physics Using Lagrangian-Euclidian Space, Where GR = QFT

Authorea

Suppose we were to treat the Lagrangians of the theories we wish to unite as coordinates in a spa... more Suppose we were to treat the Lagrangians of the theories we wish to unite as coordinates in a space of Lagrangians. In this space the Lagrangians for general relativity (Einstein-Hilbert), the standard model, and the dark sector act as coordinate axes. From here a functional derivative equation is set up for a functional, T, which gives as a result another functional, U, which denotes the Lagrangian for our universe. From there the action (S) due to U is computed and shown to converge even at infinite energy. Finally with S a generating functional for all possible interactions is computed and a one inch equation of everything is given(Z = e iS). It is the assertion of this paper that with the generating functional detailed herein one may compute any physical quantity of interest including gravitational and dark sector corrections and arrive at a finite result. Specifically graviton-graviton and graviton photon interactions are shown to result in finite observable quantities. It is noted that this is a fully worked out model where GR and QFT are treated on an equal footing by relativizing QFT, or put simply GR=QFT.

Relativization, making quantum field theory compatible with general relativity then testing the resulting models

Authorea

Relativization is a new approach to unification of general relativity with quantum theory. This i... more Relativization is a new approach to unification of general relativity with quantum theory. This involves treating the Einstein equivalence principle as a fundamental axiom of algebraic quantum field theory. Instead of quantization of gravity quantum field theory is recast in a form which makes it compatible with the principles of general relativity. Then using time honored techniques of quantum field theory, a unified model of the four known forces is derived. The model is computationally challenged and compared to well known observations of gravitational waves and the cosmic microwave background. It is found to agree with observation to a high degree. Agreement with observation being the strongest argument possible for any theoretical approach.

A Simple Calculation That Shows Black Hole Firewalls Exist and How Hot They Are

The Winnower

A Lagrangian which mathematically models Lambda CDM cosmology and explains the null results of dark astroparticle searches

Background: The Lambda CDM model or is the standard model of modern cosmology. It is named for da... more Background: The Lambda CDM model or is the standard model of modern cosmology. It is named for dark energy and cold dark matter. This model contains a number of separate components with dierent mathematical formulations. Strong observational evidence for dark matter has been found by astronomy. At the same time astroparticle physics observations have not found solid evidence of dark matter. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to reconcile observations of dark matter eects on the galactic and cosmological scales with the null results of astroparticle physics observations such as CDMS and ANTARES. This paper will also provide a candidate unied and simpler mathematical formulation for the Lambda CDM model. Methods: Unication is achieved by a combination of the f(R) approach, with the standard LCDM approach and inationary models. Results: When this model is treated as a classical eld theory in which the particles have eective masses these masses which can vary with R. When this model is treated as a quantum eld theory in curved space-time, the dark matter-dark matter fermion annihilation cross section grows as the square of the Ricci scalar. Conclusions: These results could explain the discrepancy between null astroparticle physics observations and positive astronomical observations.

Gravity Mediated Interaction Cross Sections Without Ultraviolet Divergence

The Winnower

In a series of three papers published in the summer of 2014 and early winter of 2015 the basics o... more In a series of three papers published in the summer of 2014 and early winter of 2015 the basics of Relativization were laid out. Here is a brief review, for a full treatment please see (Farmer 2014a) (Farmer 2014b) (Farmer 2015a) (Farmer 2015b). The fundamentals of this model are encapsulated in the following axioms. These axioms are not all my own invention. These are based on the knowledge built up by the work of many, cited where appropriate, for how nature should behave in light of relativity and Quantum Field Theory. Other axiomatic formulations for QFT in curved space time have been published such as (Hollands and Wald 2015) they dealt with a static curved background. What follows will give a formulation which can admit a dynamical background.

Fundamentals of Relativization II with Computational Analyses

The Winnower, 2015

Relativization: The act of constructing a physical model which obeys the Einstein equivalence pri... more Relativization: The act of constructing a physical model which obeys the Einstein equivalence principle. This paper corrects and extends the initial results regarding black hole thermodynamics revealed in the preceding paper. In the process of correcting and extending those initial upper bounds on the intensity of Hawking radiation from a micro black hole, I will Quantitative find much more. It will be demonstrated that a Schrödinger like equation derived in the previous papers once solved in position basis with the proper boundary conditions will give a model which works on any imaginable length scale. This will be worked out analytically with accuracy precision by the aid of Mathematica.

Insights into High Mass Star Formation from Methanol Maser Observations

We present high angular resolution data on Class I and Class II methanol masers, together with ot... more We present high angular resolution data on Class I and Class II methanol masers, together with other tracers of star formation like H2O masers, ultracompact (UC) ionized hydrogen (H II) regions, and 4.5 µm infrared sources, taken from the literature. The aim is to study what these data tell us about the process of high mass star formation; in particular, whether disk-outflow systems are compatible with the morphology exhibited by Class I and Class II methanol masers. Stars form in the dense cores inside molecular clouds, and while the process of the formation of stars like our Sun is reasonably well understood, details of the formation of stars with masses eight times that of our Sun or greater, the so-called high mass stars, remain a mystery. Being compact and bright sources, masers provide an excellent way to observe high mass star forming regions. In particular, Class II methanol masers are found exclusively in high mass star forming regions. Based on the positions of the Class I...

Quantum gravity by relativization of Quantum Field Theory

The Winnower, 2014

Fundamentals of Relativization

The Winnower, 2014

Disk-outflow models as applied to high mass star forming regions through methanol and water maser observations

As the recent publication by found Class II methanol masers are exclusively associated with high ... more As the recent publication by found Class II methanol masers are exclusively associated with high mass star forming regions. Based on the positions of the Class I and II methanol and H 2 O masers, UC H II regions and 4.5 µm infrared sources, and the center velocities (v LSR ) of the Class I methanol and H 2 O masers, compared to the v LSR of the Class II methanol masers, we propose three disk-outflow models that may be traced by methanol masers. In all three models, we have located the Class II methanol maser near the protostar, and the Class I methanol maser in the outflow, as is known from observations during the last twenty years. In our first model, the H 2 O masers trace the linear extent of the outflow. In our second model, the H 2 O masers are located in a circumstellar disk. In our third model, the H 2 O masers are located in one or more outflows near the terminating shock where the outflow impacts the ambient interstellar medium. Together, these models reiterate the utility of coordinated high angular resolution observations of high mass star forming regions in maser lines and associated star formation tracers.

Insights into High Mass Star Formation from Methanol Maser Observations

Cosmology in Context:current Studies of the Early Universe Through Astronomy and Particle Physics, Experiments, Observations, and Theories.

A lagrangian formulation of the Lambda CDM model with predictions relating to particle astrophysics.

vixra.org

he purpose of this pper is to reonile oservtions of drk mtter e'ets on the glti nd osmologil sles... more he purpose of this pper is to reonile oservtions of drk mtter e'ets on the glti nd osmologil sles with the null results of stroprtile physis oservtions suh s ghw nd exeiF his pper will lso provide ndidte uni(ed nd simpler mthemtil formultion for the vmd ghw modelF ni(tion is hieved y omintion of the f@A pprohD with the stndrd vghw pproh nd in)tionry modelsF st is postulted tht drk mtterEenergy (elds depend on the ii urvture F tndrd methods of lssil nd quntum (eld theory on urved spe time re ppliedF hen this model is treted s quntum (eld theory in urved speEtimeD the drk mtterEdrk mtter fermion nnihiltion ross setion grows s the squre of the ii slrF st is proposed nd mthemtilly demonstrted tht in this model drk mtter prtiles ould hve shorter lifetimes in regions of reltively strong grvity suh s ner the sunD ner the irthD or ny other lrge mssF he unexpeted di0ulties in diretly oserving fermioni prtiles of drk mtter in irth sed oservtories re explined y this theoryF he grvittionl (eld of the un nd irth my e'et them in wys the stndrd sw models would never preditF Keywords: drk mtter theoryD drk energyD in)tionD quntum (eld theoryD modi(ed grvity Email address: [email protected] (Hontas Farmer)

Genetic Causation of Transgender Neruobiological Identity, An Annotated Bibliography

Authorea (Authorea), Jan 24, 2022

New horizons for fundamental physics with LISA

Living reviews in relativity, Jun 30, 2022

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the funda... more The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the fundamental theory of nature at play in the extreme gravity regime, where the gravitational interaction is both strong and dynamical. In this white paper, the Fundamental Physics Working Group of the LISA Consortium summarizes the current topics in fundamental physics where LISA observations of gravitational waves can be expected to provide key input. We provide the briefest of reviews to then delineate avenues for future research directions and to discuss connections between this working group, other working groups and the consortium work package teams. These connections must be developed for LISA to live up to its science potential in these areas.

New horizons for fundamental physics with LISA

Living Reviews in Relativity

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the funda... more The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the fundamental theory of nature at play in the extreme gravity regime, where the gravitational interaction is both strong and dynamical. In this white paper, the Fundamental Physics Working Group of the LISA Consortium summarizes the current topics in fundamental physics where LISA observations of gravitational waves can be expected to provide key input. We provide the briefest of reviews to then delineate avenues for future research directions and to discuss connections between this working group, other working groups and the consortium work package teams. These connections must be developed for LISA to live up to its science potential in these areas.

Quantum Gravity: Have We Been Asking The Right Question?

By Simple Calculation Black Hole Firewalls Exist and This Is How Hot They Are

This very short paper resolves the matter of black hole firewalls by computing the approximate te... more This very short paper resolves the matter of black hole firewalls by computing the approximate temperature of a Planck mass black hole. Based on previously published work on black hole temperature I present a precise prediction of the temperature of the Hawking radiation in this situation. The quantum that collapses into the black hole experiences a temperature of 1.410 septillion kelvin. This high temperature would last for about one Planck time. This certainly qualifies as a firewall. 1

Quantum Gravity, May Not Be The Right Question

Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 2017

A Lagrangian Which Models Lambda CDM Cosmology and Explains the Null Results of Direct Detection Efforts

viXra, 2011

The purpose of this paper is to reconcile observations of dark matter effects on the galactic and... more The purpose of this paper is to reconcile observations of dark matter effects on the galactic and cosmological scales with the null results of astroparticle physics observations such as CDMS and ANTARES. This paper will also provide a candidate unified and simpler mathematical formulation for the Lambda CDM model. Unification is achieved by a combination of the f(R) approach, with the standard LCDM approach and inflationary models. It is postulated that dark matter-energy fields depend on the Ricci curvature R. Standard methods of classical and quantum field theory on curved space time are applied. When this model is treated as a quantum field theory in curved space-time, the dark matter-dark matter fermion annihilation cross section grows as the square of the Ricci scalar. It is proposed and mathematically demonstrated that in this model dark matter particles could have shorter lifetimes in regions of relatively strong gravity such as near the sun, near the Earth, or any other larg...

Unification of Fundamental Physics Using Lagrangian-Euclidian Space, Where GR = QFT

Authorea

Suppose we were to treat the Lagrangians of the theories we wish to unite as coordinates in a spa... more Suppose we were to treat the Lagrangians of the theories we wish to unite as coordinates in a space of Lagrangians. In this space the Lagrangians for general relativity (Einstein-Hilbert), the standard model, and the dark sector act as coordinate axes. From here a functional derivative equation is set up for a functional, T, which gives as a result another functional, U, which denotes the Lagrangian for our universe. From there the action (S) due to U is computed and shown to converge even at infinite energy. Finally with S a generating functional for all possible interactions is computed and a one inch equation of everything is given(Z = e iS). It is the assertion of this paper that with the generating functional detailed herein one may compute any physical quantity of interest including gravitational and dark sector corrections and arrive at a finite result. Specifically graviton-graviton and graviton photon interactions are shown to result in finite observable quantities. It is noted that this is a fully worked out model where GR and QFT are treated on an equal footing by relativizing QFT, or put simply GR=QFT.

Relativization, making quantum field theory compatible with general relativity then testing the resulting models

Authorea

Relativization is a new approach to unification of general relativity with quantum theory. This i... more Relativization is a new approach to unification of general relativity with quantum theory. This involves treating the Einstein equivalence principle as a fundamental axiom of algebraic quantum field theory. Instead of quantization of gravity quantum field theory is recast in a form which makes it compatible with the principles of general relativity. Then using time honored techniques of quantum field theory, a unified model of the four known forces is derived. The model is computationally challenged and compared to well known observations of gravitational waves and the cosmic microwave background. It is found to agree with observation to a high degree. Agreement with observation being the strongest argument possible for any theoretical approach.

A Simple Calculation That Shows Black Hole Firewalls Exist and How Hot They Are

The Winnower

A Lagrangian which mathematically models Lambda CDM cosmology and explains the null results of dark astroparticle searches

Background: The Lambda CDM model or is the standard model of modern cosmology. It is named for da... more Background: The Lambda CDM model or is the standard model of modern cosmology. It is named for dark energy and cold dark matter. This model contains a number of separate components with dierent mathematical formulations. Strong observational evidence for dark matter has been found by astronomy. At the same time astroparticle physics observations have not found solid evidence of dark matter. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to reconcile observations of dark matter eects on the galactic and cosmological scales with the null results of astroparticle physics observations such as CDMS and ANTARES. This paper will also provide a candidate unied and simpler mathematical formulation for the Lambda CDM model. Methods: Unication is achieved by a combination of the f(R) approach, with the standard LCDM approach and inationary models. Results: When this model is treated as a classical eld theory in which the particles have eective masses these masses which can vary with R. When this model is treated as a quantum eld theory in curved space-time, the dark matter-dark matter fermion annihilation cross section grows as the square of the Ricci scalar. Conclusions: These results could explain the discrepancy between null astroparticle physics observations and positive astronomical observations.

Gravity Mediated Interaction Cross Sections Without Ultraviolet Divergence

The Winnower

In a series of three papers published in the summer of 2014 and early winter of 2015 the basics o... more In a series of three papers published in the summer of 2014 and early winter of 2015 the basics of Relativization were laid out. Here is a brief review, for a full treatment please see (Farmer 2014a) (Farmer 2014b) (Farmer 2015a) (Farmer 2015b). The fundamentals of this model are encapsulated in the following axioms. These axioms are not all my own invention. These are based on the knowledge built up by the work of many, cited where appropriate, for how nature should behave in light of relativity and Quantum Field Theory. Other axiomatic formulations for QFT in curved space time have been published such as (Hollands and Wald 2015) they dealt with a static curved background. What follows will give a formulation which can admit a dynamical background.

Fundamentals of Relativization II with Computational Analyses

The Winnower, 2015

Relativization: The act of constructing a physical model which obeys the Einstein equivalence pri... more Relativization: The act of constructing a physical model which obeys the Einstein equivalence principle. This paper corrects and extends the initial results regarding black hole thermodynamics revealed in the preceding paper. In the process of correcting and extending those initial upper bounds on the intensity of Hawking radiation from a micro black hole, I will Quantitative find much more. It will be demonstrated that a Schrödinger like equation derived in the previous papers once solved in position basis with the proper boundary conditions will give a model which works on any imaginable length scale. This will be worked out analytically with accuracy precision by the aid of Mathematica.

Insights into High Mass Star Formation from Methanol Maser Observations

We present high angular resolution data on Class I and Class II methanol masers, together with ot... more We present high angular resolution data on Class I and Class II methanol masers, together with other tracers of star formation like H2O masers, ultracompact (UC) ionized hydrogen (H II) regions, and 4.5 µm infrared sources, taken from the literature. The aim is to study what these data tell us about the process of high mass star formation; in particular, whether disk-outflow systems are compatible with the morphology exhibited by Class I and Class II methanol masers. Stars form in the dense cores inside molecular clouds, and while the process of the formation of stars like our Sun is reasonably well understood, details of the formation of stars with masses eight times that of our Sun or greater, the so-called high mass stars, remain a mystery. Being compact and bright sources, masers provide an excellent way to observe high mass star forming regions. In particular, Class II methanol masers are found exclusively in high mass star forming regions. Based on the positions of the Class I...

Quantum gravity by relativization of Quantum Field Theory

The Winnower, 2014

Fundamentals of Relativization

The Winnower, 2014

Disk-outflow models as applied to high mass star forming regions through methanol and water maser observations

As the recent publication by found Class II methanol masers are exclusively associated with high ... more As the recent publication by found Class II methanol masers are exclusively associated with high mass star forming regions. Based on the positions of the Class I and II methanol and H 2 O masers, UC H II regions and 4.5 µm infrared sources, and the center velocities (v LSR ) of the Class I methanol and H 2 O masers, compared to the v LSR of the Class II methanol masers, we propose three disk-outflow models that may be traced by methanol masers. In all three models, we have located the Class II methanol maser near the protostar, and the Class I methanol maser in the outflow, as is known from observations during the last twenty years. In our first model, the H 2 O masers trace the linear extent of the outflow. In our second model, the H 2 O masers are located in a circumstellar disk. In our third model, the H 2 O masers are located in one or more outflows near the terminating shock where the outflow impacts the ambient interstellar medium. Together, these models reiterate the utility of coordinated high angular resolution observations of high mass star forming regions in maser lines and associated star formation tracers.

Insights into High Mass Star Formation from Methanol Maser Observations

Cosmology in Context:current Studies of the Early Universe Through Astronomy and Particle Physics, Experiments, Observations, and Theories.

A lagrangian formulation of the Lambda CDM model with predictions relating to particle astrophysics.

vixra.org

he purpose of this pper is to reonile oservtions of drk mtter e'ets on the glti nd osmologil sles... more he purpose of this pper is to reonile oservtions of drk mtter e'ets on the glti nd osmologil sles with the null results of stroprtile physis oservtions suh s ghw nd exeiF his pper will lso provide ndidte uni(ed nd simpler mthemtil formultion for the vmd ghw modelF ni(tion is hieved y omintion of the f@A pprohD with the stndrd vghw pproh nd in)tionry modelsF st is postulted tht drk mtterEenergy (elds depend on the ii urvture F tndrd methods of lssil nd quntum (eld theory on urved spe time re ppliedF hen this model is treted s quntum (eld theory in urved speEtimeD the drk mtterEdrk mtter fermion nnihiltion ross setion grows s the squre of the ii slrF st is proposed nd mthemtilly demonstrted tht in this model drk mtter prtiles ould hve shorter lifetimes in regions of reltively strong grvity suh s ner the sunD ner the irthD or ny other lrge mssF he unexpeted di0ulties in diretly oserving fermioni prtiles of drk mtter in irth sed oservtories re explined y this theoryF he grvittionl (eld of the un nd irth my e'et them in wys the stndrd sw models would never preditF Keywords: drk mtter theoryD drk energyD in)tionD quntum (eld theoryD modi(ed grvity Email address: [email protected] (Hontas Farmer)