
Yasmine Berriane
I am a Permanent Researcher at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS, Centre Maurice Halbwachs, Paris), trained in Political Sociology and Middle Eastern Studies. I am also actively involved - as tutor and supervisor - within different master programs of the EHESS in Paris (Gender studies, political studies and sociology). My research examines political and social transformations in North Africa and the Middle East, with an empirical focus on Morocco. My publications deal with women’s political participation, the making of spaces of participation, and the sociopolitical impacts of newly emerging land right claims. I recently co-edited Allying Beyond Social Divides: Coalitions and Contentious Politics (Mediterranean Politics, 2019 and Routledge, 2020), Archive and Gender in North African Societies (Hespéris-Tamuda, Vol.56, 2021), and Methodological Approaches to Societies in Transformation: How to Make Sense of Change (Palgrave Macmillan, 2021).
In my PhD thesis (SciencesPo, Paris), I studied transformations of the associational sphere in Morocco. Through case studies in working class neighbourhoods of Casablanca, I focused on reconfigurations of power relations following the introduction of norms and practices of “participation” and “gender equality” in the associational sphere (see: Femmes, associations et politique à Casablanca, CJB, 2013). In the first postdoctoral research project that followed (ZMO, Berlin), I studied the transformation of indirect forms of rule through the socio-history of a youth center; an “intermediary space of participation” defined as both a state institution, and a space used by civil society actors. In my second postdoctoral project (University of Zurich) I focused on the close connection between the commodification of land and its political reconfigurations, studying the making of a movement against women's exclusion from landrights in Morocco. My current project further develops this reflection by broadening it to the relation between changing land rights and the emergence of new forms of protest and negotiation, of political subjectivities and inequalities, and of processes of differentiation in North Africa. At the same time, I have been actively involved for the past years in a collective reflection on the methodological challenges faced by researchers studying societies in transformation.
Associations and research networks: I am an associate researcher at the LADSIS (Hassan II University, Casablanca) and the LITOPAD (Mohammed V University, Rabat), a membre of the Centre de recherche et d'études sur les sociétés contemporaines (CRESC, Rabat), and a founding member of the international research Consortium PROGED (University of Zurich) and the Groupe de recherche et d'études sur le genre au Maroc (GREGaM).
Editorial activities: I am part of the editorial board of two journals: Mondes arabes (La Découverte) and Afrika Focus (Brill).
Trajectory and education : Before joining the CNRS in 2018, I was senior lecturer and researcher (Oberassistentin) at the University of Zurich within the framework of the URPP Asia and Europe (2013-2017), researcher at the Zentrum Moderner Orient in Berlin (2011-2013), and lecturer at the Free University of Berlin (2011-2012) and the Ecole de la gouvernance et de l'économie in Rabat (EGE, 2011). I studied at the Friedrich-Alexander-University in Erlangen-Nürnberg and at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in London and received my PhD from Sciences Po Paris in 2011. I grew up and went to school in Rabat.
Research focus: Social and political transformations; Political participation (social movements, NGOs, elections); Gender and politics; State-society relations; Land rights and Politics; Research methodology.
Regional focus: North Africa and the Middle East (Fieldwork in Morocco; extended stays in Lebanon, Syria and Sudan).
.
Address: ENS, Campus Jourdan
48, Boulevard Jourdan
75014 Paris
In my PhD thesis (SciencesPo, Paris), I studied transformations of the associational sphere in Morocco. Through case studies in working class neighbourhoods of Casablanca, I focused on reconfigurations of power relations following the introduction of norms and practices of “participation” and “gender equality” in the associational sphere (see: Femmes, associations et politique à Casablanca, CJB, 2013). In the first postdoctoral research project that followed (ZMO, Berlin), I studied the transformation of indirect forms of rule through the socio-history of a youth center; an “intermediary space of participation” defined as both a state institution, and a space used by civil society actors. In my second postdoctoral project (University of Zurich) I focused on the close connection between the commodification of land and its political reconfigurations, studying the making of a movement against women's exclusion from landrights in Morocco. My current project further develops this reflection by broadening it to the relation between changing land rights and the emergence of new forms of protest and negotiation, of political subjectivities and inequalities, and of processes of differentiation in North Africa. At the same time, I have been actively involved for the past years in a collective reflection on the methodological challenges faced by researchers studying societies in transformation.
Associations and research networks: I am an associate researcher at the LADSIS (Hassan II University, Casablanca) and the LITOPAD (Mohammed V University, Rabat), a membre of the Centre de recherche et d'études sur les sociétés contemporaines (CRESC, Rabat), and a founding member of the international research Consortium PROGED (University of Zurich) and the Groupe de recherche et d'études sur le genre au Maroc (GREGaM).
Editorial activities: I am part of the editorial board of two journals: Mondes arabes (La Découverte) and Afrika Focus (Brill).
Trajectory and education : Before joining the CNRS in 2018, I was senior lecturer and researcher (Oberassistentin) at the University of Zurich within the framework of the URPP Asia and Europe (2013-2017), researcher at the Zentrum Moderner Orient in Berlin (2011-2013), and lecturer at the Free University of Berlin (2011-2012) and the Ecole de la gouvernance et de l'économie in Rabat (EGE, 2011). I studied at the Friedrich-Alexander-University in Erlangen-Nürnberg and at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in London and received my PhD from Sciences Po Paris in 2011. I grew up and went to school in Rabat.
Research focus: Social and political transformations; Political participation (social movements, NGOs, elections); Gender and politics; State-society relations; Land rights and Politics; Research methodology.
Regional focus: North Africa and the Middle East (Fieldwork in Morocco; extended stays in Lebanon, Syria and Sudan).
.
Address: ENS, Campus Jourdan
48, Boulevard Jourdan
75014 Paris
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Book by Yasmine Berriane
Au lieu de s’inscrire dans une réflexion sur l’éventualité d’une « transition politique » du pays, cette perspective met l’accent sur les multiples recompositions et réajustements observables à l’échelle locale, en montrant l’ambivalence des changements que traverse aujourd’hui le Maroc. Si les trajectoires étudiées indiquent un renouvellement des élites locales et une rupture avec la distribution traditionnelle des rôles entre hommes et femmes, elles passent aussi par une reproduction, voire un renforcement, des rapports de pouvoir qui prédominaient auparavant.
Ouvrage accessible en ligne/Open access: http://books.openedition.org/cjb/351?lang=fr
Review (in English) by Samia Errazzouki in Mediterranean Politics: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13629395.2017.1338216
Review (in French) by Camille Hamidi in REMMM: http://remmm.revues.org/8560
Review (in Spanish) by Thierry Desrues in Revista de Estudios Internacionales Mediterraneos: http://reim.tallerteim.com/index.php/reim/article/view/322/279
Review (in Arabic) by Mohamed Idrissi in Al-Mustaqbal Al-Arabi: http://platform.almanhal.com/Files/?ID=T2-97486-MLA0043866.pdf
Review (in French) by Jawad Mdidech in La Vie Eco: http://lavieeco.com/news/societe/ces-femmes-leaders-dassociations-de-quartiers-26530.html
Review (in French) by Mohamed Tamim in Les Cahiers d'EMAM: http://emam.revues.org/1019
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Femmes, Associations et Politique à Casablanca, Rabat: Centre Jacques Berque, 2013.
Edited Volumes by Yasmine Berriane
Il est en accès libre: https://journals.openedition.org/gss/8880
This dossier seeks to foster a shared understanding of the "right to the city" and the role of each individual within society, with a particular focus on those who are excluded from it or occupy its margins. By examining the constraints, threats, and forms of violence faced by specific groups in urban public spaces—based on gender, sexuality, class, race, religion, or age—it explores the ways in which these spaces enable the negotiation and subversion of dominant norms. Bringing together 13 articles from diverse disciplines, this dossier offers an infrapolitical perspective on the challenges of everyday citizenship as experienced from the margins.
It is available online at this link: https://journals.openedition.org/gss/8880
Starting from the observation that research on the Maghreb still figures poorly in the relatively well-established field of women’s and gender history in Middle East Studies as it crystallizes in major collective publications and reference works, this special issue suggests to look more closely at questions of sources, methods, and dominant historiographical paradigms. More precisely, covering different thematic fields and periods of North African history, the articles critically inquire into how gender works through archive formation and usages of the archive. In doing so, they do not take the archive as a transparent source of information, but conceive of it as a set of gendered and gendering devices that need to be critically investigated in their own right. The contributions address in different ways how the making of archives – formally institutionalized as well as informal, private as well as public, written as well as oral ones – is structured by gender and how, in turn, archives contribute to producing gendered historiographies.
This open access book can be downloaded for free: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-030-65067-4
وكيف يبرّرون مطالبهم؟ وما هي أساليب العمل التي يتمتعون بها؟
يتطرق مؤلفو دراسات الحالة في المغرب لكلّ هذه الأسئلة، كلّ على حدة، من خلال التركيز على إحدى هذه القضايا الأربعة الكونية. ركّز عزيز مشواط على الحركات والمنظّمات التي تطالب بالحقوق السياسية والمدنية في المغرب. إذ يصف في ورقته المنظّمات والحركات المختلفة، ويحلّل بشكل دقيق الخطابات والشعارات التي تستخدمها لإضفاء الشرعية على مطالبها. كمّا أنّه يوضح نقطة رئيسية وبارزة في الوقت الحالي وهي الترابط الوثيق بين المطالب السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية. في حين، تناولت سناء بنبلّي قضية العدالة الجندرية ومكافحة التحرّش الجنسي في المغرب. وتتضمّن الخريطة التي رسمتها لمختلف المنظّمات المشتغلة على هذا الموضوع تحليلاً شاملاً للإختلافات بين الأجيال. وبشكل أكثر تحديداً، توضح بنبلّي كيف ساهم جيل جديد من الناشطين في تجديد المنظّمات المهتمّة بقضايا العدالة الجندرية، وغيرها من المواضع الأخرى مثل حقوق المثليين والحرّيات الفردية والتحرّش الجنسي. أمّا صوريا الكحلاوي فتبيّن في ورقتها كيف أصبحت المطالبة بالتمكّن من الموارد الطبيعية والخدمات العامّة قضية بارزة في المغرب نتيجة التعبئة الحركية. وقد استخدمت أمثلة مختلفة من السياقات المحيطة بالمدن والمناطق الريفية، وقدّمت ملاحظات إثنوغرافية تبيّن بروز اتجاه جديد يدفع الأطراف إلى التشكيك في الوضعين السياسي والاجتماعي القائمين عبر استخدام مجموعة مختلفة من أساليب الاحتجاج المباشرة وغير المباشرة
http://www.activearabvoices.org/asfari-publications.html
http://www.activearabvoices.org/uploads/8/0/8/4/80849840/morocco_social_movements_-_v.2.5_-_digital.pdf
Coalitions of actors that have traditionally not been allies have become a key feature of the protest movements that have emerged across North Africa and the Middle East since 2011. But what happens when Islamists ally with Leftists, workers with student unions and young engineers with local tribesmen? How do coalitions form across ideological, generational, professional, ethnic and class divides? Are such collaborations transformative? The authors seek to show that it is important to go beyond analyses that focus mainly on identifying the factors that led to a coalition's success or failure: coalitions are moments of transformative encounter that can lead to changes affecting relations with political authorities, ideological learnings, repertoires of action and understandings of the notion of right. Instead of analyzing coalitions and social divides as two opposite processes, this book further argues that studying the alliance of social groups goes hand in hand with exploring processes of differentiation that are engineered by both political regimes and social actors.
Focusing on the role of coalitions in contentious politics, before and after the Arab uprisings, this book proposes a sociology of coalitions in the Middle East based on key empirical examples, to analyze the transformations that emerged out of such alliances at the levels of repertoires of action, forms of organization, relations to political authorities and ideological learnings.
The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Mediterranean Politics, Vol.24, 2019 : https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/fmed20/24/4
Journal Articles by Yasmine Berriane
***
This article introduces the dossier "Occupying Space in the Mediterranean", which seeks to contribute to the production of shared knowledge on the occupation of urban public spaces, with a particular focus on the processes of inclusion and exclusion that shape these spaces. Following an overview of the dossier's objectives, we outline three key axes explored in the articles: the mechanisms that lead to the eviction of individuals and the creation of "placeless" bodies (first axis); the resistance to these regimes of constraint through a range of individual and collective tactics and practices aimed at "making a place" for oneself in the city (second axis); and the normative frameworks established by public policies designed to "give a place" to individuals belonging to these marginalized categories (third axis). Whether examining individual and collective strategies of occupation or public policies intended to foster inclusion, the articles in this dossier invite us to view the occupation of public space as diverse ways of engaging with the norm—whether by living it, (re)producing it, redefining it, or leveraging it to claim a "right to the city."
***
ABSTRACT: The intensified commodification of land in Morocco has generated a debate opposing different conceptions of what women's rights to collective land should be. The article explores some of the transformations that have arisen from this debate through the study of arguments developed by legal professionals in administrative tribunals that have become important actors in the process of granting rights to land. It argues that the passage through the courts marks a tightening of legal references: not only is custom demoted, but the combination of references to the Constitution and to Islamic law opens the way to the implementation of inheritance law rules that attribute to women half of the share given to men.
LINK: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13629395.2019.1639022
LINK: https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-du-genre-2017-1-page-97.htm
In English: The recent emergence in Morocco’s public debate of collective lands and their increased commodification is partly due to the protest actions that are led against the ways this commercialisation is taking place. The actions carried out by women have become the most visible ones today. Since 2007, they have been protesting against their exclusion from the right to use collective lands. This right was eventually given to them via a series of ministerial circulars that were issued by the ministry between 2009 and 2012. The article focuses on the legal and normative references used, at different scales, to legitimize the inclusion of women amongst the lists of those entitled to benefit from collective land. After a presentation of the gendered character of the regime regulating collective land, the article analyses how the ministry of the Interior justifies the obligatory inclusion of women within the lists of beneficiaries. Through the case of the Mehdawa community, it finally illustrates how the delegates of this community are legitimizing the implementation of the new ministerial directives at the local level by re-adapting the arguments put forward by the State.
A limited number of free copies can be downloaded here: http://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/cNkD7iYtIgInqUH4Ie3c/full
Au lieu de s’inscrire dans une réflexion sur l’éventualité d’une « transition politique » du pays, cette perspective met l’accent sur les multiples recompositions et réajustements observables à l’échelle locale, en montrant l’ambivalence des changements que traverse aujourd’hui le Maroc. Si les trajectoires étudiées indiquent un renouvellement des élites locales et une rupture avec la distribution traditionnelle des rôles entre hommes et femmes, elles passent aussi par une reproduction, voire un renforcement, des rapports de pouvoir qui prédominaient auparavant.
Ouvrage accessible en ligne/Open access: http://books.openedition.org/cjb/351?lang=fr
Review (in English) by Samia Errazzouki in Mediterranean Politics: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13629395.2017.1338216
Review (in French) by Camille Hamidi in REMMM: http://remmm.revues.org/8560
Review (in Spanish) by Thierry Desrues in Revista de Estudios Internacionales Mediterraneos: http://reim.tallerteim.com/index.php/reim/article/view/322/279
Review (in Arabic) by Mohamed Idrissi in Al-Mustaqbal Al-Arabi: http://platform.almanhal.com/Files/?ID=T2-97486-MLA0043866.pdf
Review (in French) by Jawad Mdidech in La Vie Eco: http://lavieeco.com/news/societe/ces-femmes-leaders-dassociations-de-quartiers-26530.html
Review (in French) by Mohamed Tamim in Les Cahiers d'EMAM: http://emam.revues.org/1019
.
Femmes, Associations et Politique à Casablanca, Rabat: Centre Jacques Berque, 2013.
Il est en accès libre: https://journals.openedition.org/gss/8880
This dossier seeks to foster a shared understanding of the "right to the city" and the role of each individual within society, with a particular focus on those who are excluded from it or occupy its margins. By examining the constraints, threats, and forms of violence faced by specific groups in urban public spaces—based on gender, sexuality, class, race, religion, or age—it explores the ways in which these spaces enable the negotiation and subversion of dominant norms. Bringing together 13 articles from diverse disciplines, this dossier offers an infrapolitical perspective on the challenges of everyday citizenship as experienced from the margins.
It is available online at this link: https://journals.openedition.org/gss/8880
Starting from the observation that research on the Maghreb still figures poorly in the relatively well-established field of women’s and gender history in Middle East Studies as it crystallizes in major collective publications and reference works, this special issue suggests to look more closely at questions of sources, methods, and dominant historiographical paradigms. More precisely, covering different thematic fields and periods of North African history, the articles critically inquire into how gender works through archive formation and usages of the archive. In doing so, they do not take the archive as a transparent source of information, but conceive of it as a set of gendered and gendering devices that need to be critically investigated in their own right. The contributions address in different ways how the making of archives – formally institutionalized as well as informal, private as well as public, written as well as oral ones – is structured by gender and how, in turn, archives contribute to producing gendered historiographies.
This open access book can be downloaded for free: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-030-65067-4
وكيف يبرّرون مطالبهم؟ وما هي أساليب العمل التي يتمتعون بها؟
يتطرق مؤلفو دراسات الحالة في المغرب لكلّ هذه الأسئلة، كلّ على حدة، من خلال التركيز على إحدى هذه القضايا الأربعة الكونية. ركّز عزيز مشواط على الحركات والمنظّمات التي تطالب بالحقوق السياسية والمدنية في المغرب. إذ يصف في ورقته المنظّمات والحركات المختلفة، ويحلّل بشكل دقيق الخطابات والشعارات التي تستخدمها لإضفاء الشرعية على مطالبها. كمّا أنّه يوضح نقطة رئيسية وبارزة في الوقت الحالي وهي الترابط الوثيق بين المطالب السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية. في حين، تناولت سناء بنبلّي قضية العدالة الجندرية ومكافحة التحرّش الجنسي في المغرب. وتتضمّن الخريطة التي رسمتها لمختلف المنظّمات المشتغلة على هذا الموضوع تحليلاً شاملاً للإختلافات بين الأجيال. وبشكل أكثر تحديداً، توضح بنبلّي كيف ساهم جيل جديد من الناشطين في تجديد المنظّمات المهتمّة بقضايا العدالة الجندرية، وغيرها من المواضع الأخرى مثل حقوق المثليين والحرّيات الفردية والتحرّش الجنسي. أمّا صوريا الكحلاوي فتبيّن في ورقتها كيف أصبحت المطالبة بالتمكّن من الموارد الطبيعية والخدمات العامّة قضية بارزة في المغرب نتيجة التعبئة الحركية. وقد استخدمت أمثلة مختلفة من السياقات المحيطة بالمدن والمناطق الريفية، وقدّمت ملاحظات إثنوغرافية تبيّن بروز اتجاه جديد يدفع الأطراف إلى التشكيك في الوضعين السياسي والاجتماعي القائمين عبر استخدام مجموعة مختلفة من أساليب الاحتجاج المباشرة وغير المباشرة
http://www.activearabvoices.org/asfari-publications.html
http://www.activearabvoices.org/uploads/8/0/8/4/80849840/morocco_social_movements_-_v.2.5_-_digital.pdf
Coalitions of actors that have traditionally not been allies have become a key feature of the protest movements that have emerged across North Africa and the Middle East since 2011. But what happens when Islamists ally with Leftists, workers with student unions and young engineers with local tribesmen? How do coalitions form across ideological, generational, professional, ethnic and class divides? Are such collaborations transformative? The authors seek to show that it is important to go beyond analyses that focus mainly on identifying the factors that led to a coalition's success or failure: coalitions are moments of transformative encounter that can lead to changes affecting relations with political authorities, ideological learnings, repertoires of action and understandings of the notion of right. Instead of analyzing coalitions and social divides as two opposite processes, this book further argues that studying the alliance of social groups goes hand in hand with exploring processes of differentiation that are engineered by both political regimes and social actors.
Focusing on the role of coalitions in contentious politics, before and after the Arab uprisings, this book proposes a sociology of coalitions in the Middle East based on key empirical examples, to analyze the transformations that emerged out of such alliances at the levels of repertoires of action, forms of organization, relations to political authorities and ideological learnings.
The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Mediterranean Politics, Vol.24, 2019 : https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/fmed20/24/4
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This article introduces the dossier "Occupying Space in the Mediterranean", which seeks to contribute to the production of shared knowledge on the occupation of urban public spaces, with a particular focus on the processes of inclusion and exclusion that shape these spaces. Following an overview of the dossier's objectives, we outline three key axes explored in the articles: the mechanisms that lead to the eviction of individuals and the creation of "placeless" bodies (first axis); the resistance to these regimes of constraint through a range of individual and collective tactics and practices aimed at "making a place" for oneself in the city (second axis); and the normative frameworks established by public policies designed to "give a place" to individuals belonging to these marginalized categories (third axis). Whether examining individual and collective strategies of occupation or public policies intended to foster inclusion, the articles in this dossier invite us to view the occupation of public space as diverse ways of engaging with the norm—whether by living it, (re)producing it, redefining it, or leveraging it to claim a "right to the city."
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ABSTRACT: The intensified commodification of land in Morocco has generated a debate opposing different conceptions of what women's rights to collective land should be. The article explores some of the transformations that have arisen from this debate through the study of arguments developed by legal professionals in administrative tribunals that have become important actors in the process of granting rights to land. It argues that the passage through the courts marks a tightening of legal references: not only is custom demoted, but the combination of references to the Constitution and to Islamic law opens the way to the implementation of inheritance law rules that attribute to women half of the share given to men.
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LINK: https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-du-genre-2017-1-page-97.htm
In English: The recent emergence in Morocco’s public debate of collective lands and their increased commodification is partly due to the protest actions that are led against the ways this commercialisation is taking place. The actions carried out by women have become the most visible ones today. Since 2007, they have been protesting against their exclusion from the right to use collective lands. This right was eventually given to them via a series of ministerial circulars that were issued by the ministry between 2009 and 2012. The article focuses on the legal and normative references used, at different scales, to legitimize the inclusion of women amongst the lists of those entitled to benefit from collective land. After a presentation of the gendered character of the regime regulating collective land, the article analyses how the ministry of the Interior justifies the obligatory inclusion of women within the lists of beneficiaries. Through the case of the Mehdawa community, it finally illustrates how the delegates of this community are legitimizing the implementation of the new ministerial directives at the local level by re-adapting the arguments put forward by the State.
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1- First, showing that current studies tend to concentrate almost exclusively on liberal women’s organizations.
2- Second, showing that through their focus on the national level, studies on women and the public sphere tend to give little attention to the local level.
Given these shortcomings, this paper presents findings of a field study on local women’s activism in marginalized neighborhoods of Casablanca.
I argue that in authoritarian or hybrid regimes such as Morocco, interstitial spaces similar to the youth center of Hay Mohammadi are particularly well suited to produce forms of participation that are both subversive and controlled. They enable us to show that institutions that are officially placed under the supervision of the state but whose institutional status is ambiguous can also function as alternative meeting spaces and spaces of political expression; this challenges the notion that government supervision in authoritarian regimes always means complete top-down control. Hay Mohammadi’s youth center’s history illustrates in particular the numerous interactions that linked and still link non-governmental actors to representatives of the state. We will show how, depending on the historical context, these interactions contributed to the development of what Mohamed Tozy (1999, 63) has called a “controlled” or “normalized dissidence.”
Du port de Casablanca aux maisons de jeunes de quartiers populaires, des transports urbains au système de subvention de la farine et du pain, du courtage de l'emploi domestique à la patrimonialisation d'une région marginalisée, de la gestion des terres collectives à l'aide aux mères céli-bataires, cet ouvrage démontre l'importance du gouvernement indirect du social, dont l'équivoque facilite compromis et bricolages et renforce la capacité d'adaptation du politique aux transformations de l'époque.
Ce chapitre aborde ces questions à partir du cas des maisons de jeunes en se concentrant sur une maison en particulier, située dans un quartier nord-est de Casablanca. Les observations qui y ont été menées suggèrent que la délégation institutionnelle cohabite avec d'autres formes plus subtiles et implicites de délégation. Celles-ci permettent à l'Etat de fonder sa visibilité là où il est perçu comme absent, de se décharger de certaines politiques sociales tout en s'aménageant des modes de contrôle, de surveillance et d'administration à distance. Mais ces différentes formes de délégation ouvrent aussi un large éventail d'arrangements et d'accommodements aux acteurs poursuivant des objectifs individuels et/ou collectif qui vont au-delà de la simple gestion du service délégué. Saisie à travers l'exemple des maisons de jeunes, l'"intervention sociale" - souvent appréhendée comme une politique délimitée, coordonnée et ciblant une population particulière - prend donc une forme fragmentée, changeant et diffuse, qui s'articule autour de domaines d'intervention très différents, enchevêtrés sans pour autant être coordonnés.
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To quote the document : Yasmine Berriane, « Constructing the space of the social. The multiple mediation figures at youth centres in Casablanca”, Recherches du CRESC, n° 2, avril 2017
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Hochschulstiftung (UZH), ZUNIV, and the Swiss Society for Gender Studies (SGGF).
During the last decades, terminologies of women and gender have been travelling back and forth across different academic as well as non-academic institutional settings on a global scale. These terminologies have entered the fields of international politics, human rights and development discourse as well as national programs and policies. At the same time, they are part of diverse activist concerns and strategies. Concepts and terminologies of women and gender have been and continue to be contested. They are differently configured, understood and employed with different effects according to the respective circumstances and social fields involved.
Women’s and gender studies have both shaped and been shaped by this situation. They have contributed to the reconceptualization of existing theories by highlighting the centrality of power relations, the necessity to question and destabilize social categorizations and to analyze the production and effects of distinctions in politics of difference and identity. They have been constantly negotiating the paradoxes and dilemmas of feminist interventions beyond common binaries such as universalism vs. particularism or equality vs. difference. In spite of the currency of terminologies of women and gender in public debates and policies, women’s and gender studies are under increasing political pressure from different quarters.
Key questions to be raised during the workshop might be:
1) How do we deal with the complex “social life” of existing terminologies of women and gender in the Arab region and beyond?
2) How do we define and configure concepts in order to make productive use of them in our respective fields of research?
3) How can a network of academics such as GENiUS contribute to promoting dialogue in knowledge production and teaching?
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ABSTRACT: The question of women’s rights, and by extension of feminism, is a highly debated topic in the Arab World. Not only does it touch upon the controversial issue of gender equality but also on questions of identity, ideology, power and politics. Organizations and actors with different – and often opposing – ideological backgrounds that claim to have a women’s rights agenda have been amongst the most active in the region in the past decades. Studies of their work and trajectories have led to substantial scholarship, both in the fields of academic research and of activist grey literature. These works have shed light on processes of political advocacy and negotiations, and have described ensuing legal and social changes. They have further contributed to producing typologies of different forms of feminism, and to highlighting the interrelation between diverse currents.
Starting from the different historical experiences and political as well as intellectual trajectories of feminisms (understood as both feminist movements and ideologies) in the MENA region, the workshop focuses on how scholars who have long been observing feminist endeavors, while being themselves women’s rights activists, interpret the present situation beyond ideological fault lines. What are the relevant concepts for understanding current debates and evolutions inside Arab feminisms? What is the potential of feminism(s) as both a set of critical theoretical tools as well as an ensemble of movements in the region? How does one theorize Arab feminisms from within while taking account of their historical entanglements as well as their current transnational connectivities?
Co-organizers: Aymon Kreil, Dorothea Lüddeckens, Thiruni Kelegama and Melek Saral.
Workshop Reports by Thiruni Kelegama and Madlen Kobi:
On AllegraLab: http://allegralaboratory.net/snapshots-of-change-how-focusing-on-change-affects-perspectives-on-research-material/
On the URPP Asia and Europe Bulletin (05/2016): http://www.asienundeuropa.uzh.ch/de/aboutus/bulletin/2016/nothing.html
Co-organizers: David Chiavacci and Matthias Mahlmann.
Report on the Lecture Series by Yasmine Berriane and Tobias Weiss in the URPP Asia and Europe Bulletin (05/2016): http://www.asienundeuropa.uzh.ch/de/aboutus/bulletin/2016/constitutions.html
The workshop will address the following questions in particular. Do the theories and concepts that are available today enable us to understand and analyze social movements that are taking place in these different regional contexts? Do certain concepts and approaches of social movement research seem more relevant than others, depending on the region? Which experiences cannot be understood by available theories? What are the alternative concepts and approaches that have been developed to address them? How did findings from these regions contribute to enriching and questioning social movement research in more general terms?
Joint event organised at the University of Zurich in collaboration with the Center of African Studies Basel on the 24 and 24 October 2014.
Workshop Report by Silva Lieberherr on URPP Asia and Europe Bulletin (04/2015): http://www.asienundeuropa.uzh.ch/de/aboutus/bulletin/2015/movements.html
Organised with Bettina Dennerlein at the University of Zurich on 10 September 2014.
Workshop Report by Deniz Yüksel in the URPP Asia and Europe Bulletin (04/2015): http://www.asienundeuropa.uzh.ch/de/aboutus/bulletin/2015/citizenship.html
Organised with Erdem Evren (ZMO) and Sarah Sippel (CAS) at the Zentrum Moderner Orient on 25-26 October 2013.
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La citoyenneté, telle qu’elle est analysée ici, est un processus par lequel des droits d’accès à des ressources localisées sont produits. Ce processus procède d’un travail de tissage de relations sociales, de construction de liens de confiance ; d’inventions ou d’utilisations d’instruments (qu’ils soient institutionnels, économiques, symboliques…) de contrôle de l’incertitude et de production de continuité. Ce sont donc des actions dont ce projet découvre le pouvoir instituant : des actions répétées dans le temps, rendues publiques, reconnues comme légitimes : habiter avec continuité ; prendre part aux rituels ; payer /contribuer ; échanger sur le marché ; transmettre son propre patrimoine et hériter à son tour ; vivre ”en citoyen” d’un lieu.
Placer les actions au cœur de la formation des droits de citoyenneté, y explorer les droits des choses dans leur capacité à définir les droits des personnes, sont autant de perspectives qui viennent enrichir non pas seulement notre connaissance des sociétés anciennes, mais encore plus largement notre compréhension des formes contemporaines du politique. À ce premier atout, s’en ajoute un second qui défie toute conception culturaliste. Les approches de la citoyenneté privilégiées donnent la possibilité de mettre en regard une multiplicité de situations aux coordonnées historiques et culturelles diverses et ainsi de renouveler les termes de la comparaison. Ce projet en effet dessine une nouvelle carte de la citoyenneté au nord et au sud de la Méditerranée, où proximités et différences tiennent moins à des singularités politiques ou culturelles jugées irréductibles, qu’aux configurations multiples dessinées par les droits d’accès aux ressources par la médiation des choses ; ou, pour mieux dire, où les formations politiques sont lues moins comme les produits d’attitudes culturelles irréductibles, que comme l’expression - plus ou moins cohérente - de ces configurations sociales.