Papers by Morgen A Chalmiers
Berghahn Books, Dec 31, 2021
Partner Abuse
This study aimed to assess couple concordance in attitudes toward intimate partner violence (IPV)... more This study aimed to assess couple concordance in attitudes toward intimate partner violence (IPV) and its association with physical IPV against women. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,201 nonsterilized women aged 18–29 years and their husbands. It was found that husbands were significantly more likely (69.9%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 67.3%, 72.5%) to justify IPV than wives (56.5%, 95% CI: 53.7%, 59.3%). Couples who both hold attitudes justifying IPV against women (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 3.5; 95% CI: 1.57%–8.00%) and couples where women hold these attitudes, but men do not (AOR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.18–7.28), were more likely to report male-perpetrated IPV against women in the prior 12 months.
Berghahn Books, Dec 31, 2022
Mental Health, Religion & Culture
Background Physicians’ behavior may unknowingly be impacted by prejudice and thereby contribute t... more Background Physicians’ behavior may unknowingly be impacted by prejudice and thereby contribute to healthcare inequities, so it is imperative that physicians learn to recognize and minimize implicit bias. Despite increasingly robust data demonstrating physician implicit bias,1,2 the evidence behind how to change this with training programs remains unclear. This scoping review therefore reports on the implementation, outcomes, and characteristics of post-graduate physician implicit bias curricula. Methods The authors conducted a literature review using scoping review methodology. They searched 7 databases in February and November 2020 for English-language academic and gray literature on implicit bias curricula for physicians at all levels of post-graduate training. Ten reviewers screened studies for eligibility independently, then extracted data from these studies and compiled it into a chart and analytical summary. Results Of the 4,599 articles screened, this review identified 90 ar...
Un-Settling Middle Eastern Refugees, 2021
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sex in the Middle East and North Africa
Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 2021
Abstract Early marriage remains a central concern among reproductive and sexual rights advocates ... more Abstract Early marriage remains a central concern among reproductive and sexual rights advocates worldwide. Mainstream researchers have often focused on the negative effects of early marriage on young women, presenting them as powerless victims of social and cultural traditions. Yet the voices and perceptions of young women remain strongly absent in many studies on early marriage. Our study addresses this knowledge gap by utilising participatory and ethnographic methodologies to better understand what early marriage means to those who have experienced it and how these emic perspectives may diverge from humanitarian paradigms. Since the war began in 2011, Syrians have become one of the largest groups of refugees worldwide, with over 5.5 million individuals seeking asylum abroad. Humanitarian organisations have called attention to high rates of early marriage within this population and its unique drivers in the specific context of displacement. We draw upon data collected between 2018 and 2020 during 90 individual interviews and 14 participatory action research meetings to explore how Syrian refugee women conceptualise the practice of early marriage and its drivers after displacement. Our findings reveal that early marriage is perceived as a practice that benefits young women and is justified in terms of its beneficial effects. Participants described early marriage as a rational solution to present-day problems, many of which they associate with the unique context of displacement. Our findings echo prior qualitative studies that illustrate the complexity of attitudes towards early marriage and the importance of understanding the specific contexts in which it is practised.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to understand cervical cancer screening and prevention pr... more Objective: The purpose of the study was to understand cervical cancer screening and prevention practices of refugee women in San Diego, California and identify desired components of a cervical cancer screening toolkit. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study utilizing semi-structured focus groups and identified common themes via grounded theory analysis. Results: There were 53 female refugee participants from Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. Over half of all women surveyed expressed a fear of pelvic exams and loss of modesty as barriers to seeking gynecologic care, with nearly 34% avoiding routine pap tests. Of the 18 participants who were asked if they were aware of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination, only one had heard of the vaccine and none had received it for themselves or their children. Over 60% of participants were interested in educational materials surrounding HPV and pap tests. Conclusion: There is a significant lack of knowledge regarding cervical cance...
Anthropology of the Middle East, 2021
Since the civil war began in 2011, 5.5 million Syrians have fled their home country and are now l... more Since the civil war began in 2011, 5.5 million Syrians have fled their home country and are now living as refugees. Building upon anthropological studies of precarity, the article draws upon 14 months of person-centered ethnographic fieldwork to examine the contextual specificities of Syrian women’s protracted displacement in Jordan. By foregrounding bodily experience as described by three interlocutors during person-centered interviews, the article considers how subjectivities are reshaped under such conditions. The narratives analysed here illustrate how the precarity of displacement fosters an embodied sense of tightness, constriction and stagnation while reconfiguring temporal horizons and rendering visions of imagined futures increasingly myopic.
Author(s): Chalmiers, Morgen A | Advisor(s): Csordas, Thomas | Abstract: Adolescent pregnancy has... more Author(s): Chalmiers, Morgen A | Advisor(s): Csordas, Thomas | Abstract: Adolescent pregnancy has come to symbolize all that is antithetical to the ideals of modern motherhood and remains a site upon which debates surrounding agency, intentionality, and responsibility take place. The moral schemas that structure such debates evolve against the standard of the self-managing, rational actor and are increasingly informed by ideologies that are primarily neoliberal rather than religious. Yet the cohesive self articulated in such tidy theories of human action remains elusive, a figment of the policymaker’s imagination. An analysis of the conflicting interpretative frameworks surrounding adolescent pregnancy in a small town on the U.S.-Mexico border complicates binary models of choice based on rational actor theory and illuminates the neoliberal grounds upon which the moral valence of intentionality rests.
Health Equity, 2021
Objective: The purpose of the study was to understand cervical cancer screening and prevention pr... more Objective: The purpose of the study was to understand cervical cancer screening and prevention practices of refugee women in San Diego, California and identify desired components of a cervical cancer screening toolkit. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study utilizing semi-structured focus groups and identified common themes via grounded theory analysis. Results: There were 53 female refugee participants from Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. Over half of all women surveyed expressed a fear of pelvic exams and loss of modesty as barriers to seeking gynecologic care, with nearly 34% avoiding routine pap tests. Of the 18 participants who were asked if they were aware of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination, only one had heard of the vaccine and none had received it for themselves or their children. Over 60% of participants were interested in educational materials surrounding HPV and pap tests. Conclusion: There is a significant lack of knowledge regarding cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination among refugee women in San Diego, California. Refugee women in this study were interested in multi-modal educational materials as part of a cervical cancer screening toolkit.
Anthropology of the Middle East, 2021
Since the civil war began in 2011, 5.5 million Syrians have fled their home country and are now l... more Since the civil war began in 2011, 5.5 million Syrians have fled their home country and are now living as refugees. Building upon anthropological studies of precarity, the article draws upon 14 months of person-centered ethnographic fieldwork to examine the contextual specificities of Syrian women's protracted displacement in Jordan. By foregrounding bodily experience as described by three interlocutors during person-centered interviews, the article considers how subjectivities are reshaped under such conditions. The narratives analysed here illustrate how the precarity of displacement fosters an embodied sense of tightness, constriction and stagnation while reconfiguring temporal horizons and rendering visions of imagined futures increasingly myopic.
Medical Anthropology, 2020
Critical appraisals of adolescent pregnancy invoke the neoliberal valuation of rational action as... more Critical appraisals of adolescent pregnancy invoke the neoliberal valuation of rational action as moral obligation. Adolescents are portrayed as autonomous modern subjects and expected to demonstrate the virtue of responsibility through the use of biomedical contraceptives. Drawing on sixteen months of ethnographic fieldwork focusing on adolescent pregnancy in a small, semirural community outside of Tijuana, Baja California Norte, Mexico, I elucidate the moral landscape within which assertions of intentionality might acquire meaning in the context of adolescent pregnancy. I argue that the stakes involved in normative evaluations of female sexuality and reproduction at my fieldsite are shaped by past and contemporary experiences of EuroAmerican imperialism and are superimposed upon moral scaffolds laid by EuroAmerican colonialism.
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Papers by Morgen A Chalmiers