We propose a new routing protocol MobiSink (mobile sink) for underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). ... more We propose a new routing protocol MobiSink (mobile sink) for underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). We deploy the sink mobility in four horizontal regions of the network. The mobile sink moves in its own region to collect data from the transmission range sensor nodes. The transmission range of a node is calculated after fixed interval of time for mobile sink. In MobiSink nodes also take help of transmission range neighbors to communicate with sink cooperatively, if sink is out of range. The mobility pattern of sink and cooperative routing achieved better results as compared with other depth based routing protocols. The MobiSink scheme is validated via simulation, which shows better performance compared with depth based routing (DBR) and energy efficient depth based routing (EEDBR) protocols in terms of network life time, throughput and energy consumption.
Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2017
Cooperative routing is an appealing challenge in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). In ... more Cooperative routing is an appealing challenge in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). In this paper, we propose a region based cooperative routing protocol (RBCRP) for amplify and forward (AF) technique over Rayleigh faded channels in UWSNs. The source node sends the sensed signal to the destination and available relay nodes. At the destination node, bit error rate (BER) is checked on the basis of which, either positive or negative acknowledgement (ACK or NACK) is sent to the source and relay nodes. We also use mobile sinks (MSs) and energy harvesting techniques to further prolong the network lifetime and maximize the throughput. Our derived mathematical equations for the SNR gain and outage probability are verified by simulations. Results show that RBCRP performs better than the existing incremental best relay technique (IBRT) in terms of throughput, network lifetime and outage probability.
In Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs),
reliability is an important factor which effects... more In Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs),
reliability is an important factor which effects the overall
performance of the network. As the underwater environment
is noisy and due to multipath fading and poor link quality, the
reliability of the network and data integrity is affected. With
cooperative routing, the reliability and the integrity of the data
is improved. In this paper two relay nodes and a master node
is selected for the transmission of data from source to the sink.
Master node is selected among the neighbouring nodes which
has low depth, high residual energy and must lie outside the
threshold defined. On the basis of depth threshold of source
node and the master node, two relay nodes are selected for the
retransmission mechanism. Simulation results show that IACR
achieves better results with respect to packet acceptance ratio,
throughput, network lifetime and packet drop as compared to
ACE.
Underwater environment has very unique characteristics.
Reliable and efficient communication bet... more Underwater environment has very unique characteristics.
Reliable and efficient communication between sensor nodes
is very challenging. Firstly, because radio waves can not work
well in such environment, so we use acoustic communication.
Secondly, acoustic communication is very slower than radio
communication. Moreover environment is very dynamic, which
changes topology of network. Due to these reasons data can not
reach to destination timely or reliably. This creates need of a
technique which can improve performance of network in terms
of reliability and throughput. Cooperation between nodes is one
of the major techniques which can greatly enhance reliability
of a network at cost of more energy consumption. In this
technique if data can not reach to destination in any condition
then it is retransmitted from another node called cooperative
node. This also improves throughput of network. In this paper
we propose region based cooperation between sensor nodes.
Simulation results show that technique better performs in terms
of network lifetime and efficient energy consumption.
Energy is a main issue in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). The wireless sensor nodes ... more Energy is a main issue in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). The wireless sensor nodes in underwater network have limited source of energy (batteries) and replacement of their batteries is very difficult and costly. Hence, energy efficiency has always remained as a major concern in UWSNs. Moreover the variation in energy consumption of nodes reduces the network lifetime and creates network holes. Combination of multi-hop transmission and direct communication were proposed before to balance the energy consumption between nodes. Direct transmission of data packets to sink depletes more energy of sensor node as compared to multi-hop transmission. When The nodes which reside at a greater distance from the sink opt for direct communication, their energy rapidly decreases. Thus resulting in shorter network lifetime. This paper presents Energy Efficient Hybrid Routing Protocol (EEHR). This protocol is a hybrid between multi-hop and direct transmission to the neighbors residing in the sub neighbor region. In this paper the direct transmission distance is decreased and it is refined to a sub neighbor region, which increases the network lifetime and reduces the energy consumption of the network. There are 4 regions of different radii from the sink created in our proposed protocol. The regions are in the form of semi circles beneath the sink node. Equal number of nodes are deployed randomly in each region. Neighboring lists are created by the nodes on the basis of their optimum distance to the sink. Simulation results show improvement in the network lifetime and energy consumption of the network.
We propose a new routing protocol MobiSink (mobile sink) for underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). ... more We propose a new routing protocol MobiSink (mobile sink) for underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). We deploy the sink mobility in four horizontal regions of the network. The mobile sink moves in its own region to collect data from the transmission range sensor nodes. The transmission range of a node is calculated after fixed interval of time for mobile sink. In MobiSink nodes also take help of transmission range neighbors to communicate with sink cooperatively, if sink is out of range. The mobility pattern of sink and cooperative routing achieved better results as compared with other depth based routing protocols. The MobiSink scheme is validated via simulation, which shows better performance compared with depth based routing (DBR) and energy efficient depth based routing (EEDBR) protocols in terms of network life time, throughput and energy consumption.
Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2017
Cooperative routing is an appealing challenge in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). In ... more Cooperative routing is an appealing challenge in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). In this paper, we propose a region based cooperative routing protocol (RBCRP) for amplify and forward (AF) technique over Rayleigh faded channels in UWSNs. The source node sends the sensed signal to the destination and available relay nodes. At the destination node, bit error rate (BER) is checked on the basis of which, either positive or negative acknowledgement (ACK or NACK) is sent to the source and relay nodes. We also use mobile sinks (MSs) and energy harvesting techniques to further prolong the network lifetime and maximize the throughput. Our derived mathematical equations for the SNR gain and outage probability are verified by simulations. Results show that RBCRP performs better than the existing incremental best relay technique (IBRT) in terms of throughput, network lifetime and outage probability.
In Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs),
reliability is an important factor which effects... more In Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs),
reliability is an important factor which effects the overall
performance of the network. As the underwater environment
is noisy and due to multipath fading and poor link quality, the
reliability of the network and data integrity is affected. With
cooperative routing, the reliability and the integrity of the data
is improved. In this paper two relay nodes and a master node
is selected for the transmission of data from source to the sink.
Master node is selected among the neighbouring nodes which
has low depth, high residual energy and must lie outside the
threshold defined. On the basis of depth threshold of source
node and the master node, two relay nodes are selected for the
retransmission mechanism. Simulation results show that IACR
achieves better results with respect to packet acceptance ratio,
throughput, network lifetime and packet drop as compared to
ACE.
Underwater environment has very unique characteristics.
Reliable and efficient communication bet... more Underwater environment has very unique characteristics.
Reliable and efficient communication between sensor nodes
is very challenging. Firstly, because radio waves can not work
well in such environment, so we use acoustic communication.
Secondly, acoustic communication is very slower than radio
communication. Moreover environment is very dynamic, which
changes topology of network. Due to these reasons data can not
reach to destination timely or reliably. This creates need of a
technique which can improve performance of network in terms
of reliability and throughput. Cooperation between nodes is one
of the major techniques which can greatly enhance reliability
of a network at cost of more energy consumption. In this
technique if data can not reach to destination in any condition
then it is retransmitted from another node called cooperative
node. This also improves throughput of network. In this paper
we propose region based cooperation between sensor nodes.
Simulation results show that technique better performs in terms
of network lifetime and efficient energy consumption.
Energy is a main issue in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). The wireless sensor nodes ... more Energy is a main issue in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). The wireless sensor nodes in underwater network have limited source of energy (batteries) and replacement of their batteries is very difficult and costly. Hence, energy efficiency has always remained as a major concern in UWSNs. Moreover the variation in energy consumption of nodes reduces the network lifetime and creates network holes. Combination of multi-hop transmission and direct communication were proposed before to balance the energy consumption between nodes. Direct transmission of data packets to sink depletes more energy of sensor node as compared to multi-hop transmission. When The nodes which reside at a greater distance from the sink opt for direct communication, their energy rapidly decreases. Thus resulting in shorter network lifetime. This paper presents Energy Efficient Hybrid Routing Protocol (EEHR). This protocol is a hybrid between multi-hop and direct transmission to the neighbors residing in the sub neighbor region. In this paper the direct transmission distance is decreased and it is refined to a sub neighbor region, which increases the network lifetime and reduces the energy consumption of the network. There are 4 regions of different radii from the sink created in our proposed protocol. The regions are in the form of semi circles beneath the sink node. Equal number of nodes are deployed randomly in each region. Neighboring lists are created by the nodes on the basis of their optimum distance to the sink. Simulation results show improvement in the network lifetime and energy consumption of the network.
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Papers by Sheraz Hussain
reliability is an important factor which effects the overall
performance of the network. As the underwater environment
is noisy and due to multipath fading and poor link quality, the
reliability of the network and data integrity is affected. With
cooperative routing, the reliability and the integrity of the data
is improved. In this paper two relay nodes and a master node
is selected for the transmission of data from source to the sink.
Master node is selected among the neighbouring nodes which
has low depth, high residual energy and must lie outside the
threshold defined. On the basis of depth threshold of source
node and the master node, two relay nodes are selected for the
retransmission mechanism. Simulation results show that IACR
achieves better results with respect to packet acceptance ratio,
throughput, network lifetime and packet drop as compared to
ACE.
Reliable and efficient communication between sensor nodes
is very challenging. Firstly, because radio waves can not work
well in such environment, so we use acoustic communication.
Secondly, acoustic communication is very slower than radio
communication. Moreover environment is very dynamic, which
changes topology of network. Due to these reasons data can not
reach to destination timely or reliably. This creates need of a
technique which can improve performance of network in terms
of reliability and throughput. Cooperation between nodes is one
of the major techniques which can greatly enhance reliability
of a network at cost of more energy consumption. In this
technique if data can not reach to destination in any condition
then it is retransmitted from another node called cooperative
node. This also improves throughput of network. In this paper
we propose region based cooperation between sensor nodes.
Simulation results show that technique better performs in terms
of network lifetime and efficient energy consumption.
reliability is an important factor which effects the overall
performance of the network. As the underwater environment
is noisy and due to multipath fading and poor link quality, the
reliability of the network and data integrity is affected. With
cooperative routing, the reliability and the integrity of the data
is improved. In this paper two relay nodes and a master node
is selected for the transmission of data from source to the sink.
Master node is selected among the neighbouring nodes which
has low depth, high residual energy and must lie outside the
threshold defined. On the basis of depth threshold of source
node and the master node, two relay nodes are selected for the
retransmission mechanism. Simulation results show that IACR
achieves better results with respect to packet acceptance ratio,
throughput, network lifetime and packet drop as compared to
ACE.
Reliable and efficient communication between sensor nodes
is very challenging. Firstly, because radio waves can not work
well in such environment, so we use acoustic communication.
Secondly, acoustic communication is very slower than radio
communication. Moreover environment is very dynamic, which
changes topology of network. Due to these reasons data can not
reach to destination timely or reliably. This creates need of a
technique which can improve performance of network in terms
of reliability and throughput. Cooperation between nodes is one
of the major techniques which can greatly enhance reliability
of a network at cost of more energy consumption. In this
technique if data can not reach to destination in any condition
then it is retransmitted from another node called cooperative
node. This also improves throughput of network. In this paper
we propose region based cooperation between sensor nodes.
Simulation results show that technique better performs in terms
of network lifetime and efficient energy consumption.