Papers by Thelma C H A N S A Chanda
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2025
Feminism has significantly influenced the existence of women's traditional practices, including t... more Feminism has significantly influenced the existence of women's traditional practices, including the Chisungu tradition of the Lenje people in Chibombo District, Central Province of Zambia. Chisungu, a female initiation rite marking the transition from girlhood to womanhood, has historically played a crucial role in shaping social values, gender roles, and cultural identity. However, the rise of feminist movements advocating for gender equality, women's rights, and the elimination of practices perceived as oppressive has led to a transformation in how such traditions are viewed and practiced. The research design was descriptive survey with both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. The sample size was 100 respondents; Village Head Men and Community Members (Villagers). The data collection process involved distributing the questionnaires to the selected participants and conducting individual interviews. The quantitative data collected were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and Microsoft excel whereas the qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that feminist advocacy has contributed to the gradual decline of certain aspects of Chisungu, particularly those perceived as reinforcing patriarchal norms and limiting women's autonomy. Additionally, education, modernization, and legal frameworks advocating for women's rights have played a role in reshaping Chisungu, leading to a more contemporary interpretation that aligns with evolving societal values. However, tensions exist between preserving cultural heritage and embracing feminist ideals, as some community members view the transformation as an erosion of tradition. The study therefore recommended stakeholders, including cultural leaders, feminists, and policymakers, to engage in dialogue and identify ways to modernize the Chisungu tradition while ensuring that women's rights and dignity are upheld.
International Journal of Research (IJR) , 2025
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of waste literacy on fabrics and textile... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of waste literacy on fabrics and textile sustainability among small-scale tailoring businesses in Chililabombwe District. The study employed a descriptive survey design with a mixed-methods approach, sampling 120 respondents through simple random sampling. Data collection involved questionnaires and interviews, with quantitative data analyzed using SPSS and Excel, and qualitative data through thematic analysis. Findings revealed that businesses with higher waste literacy demonstrated a significant understanding of sustainability practices (p = 0.03). While the use of recycling and up cycling techniques was moderate, it showed a clear positive association with sustainability efforts. Stakeholders emphasized waste literacy's critical role in driving sustainable practices. To support sustainability in the tailoring sector, recommendations included financial incentives, robust regulations, targeted training, and enhanced infrastructure, with significant evidence linking these mechanisms to improved sustainability outcomes.
International Journal of Research (IJR) , 2025
The study aimed to assess the sustainability of the school feeding program in Chipata district, f... more The study aimed to assess the sustainability of the school feeding program in Chipata district, focusing on its impact on school-community nutrition learning, challenges during implementation, and strategies for sustaining the program. Using a mixed-method approach, the findings indicated that learners exhibited nutritional knowledge following the introduction of the programme. Challenges, such as lack of funding, resources, and limited staff capacity, were identified. Strategies for sustaining the program, including integrating it into school policies, leveraging community involvement, and providing staff training, were shown to be effective in ensuring long-term success. The study emphasized the need for targeted interventions to address challenges and enhance the program's sustainability. The Government through the Ministry of Education and donor institutions are urged to prioritize funding and infrastructure development. School head teachers should collaborate with community leaders and PTAs to increase engagement. The Ministry of Education is also encouraged to establish frameworks for regular assessments, while advocacy groups and policymakers should push for policies that institutionalize the program and integrate nutrition education into school curricula.
International Journal of Novel Research in Education and Learning , 2025
The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors contributing to the excessive consumptio... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors contributing to the excessive consumption of Ultraprocessed food among secondary school learners in Solwezi District, Zambia. The study employed a descriptive survey design with a mixed methods approach to investigate ultra-processed food consumption among school-going pupils in four secondary schools in Solwezi District. A sample of 130 participants was selected through purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Data analysis revealed a high prevalence of ultra-processed food consumption, with significant associations between socioeconomic factors and dietary habits, including financial constraints and parental income influencing food choices. Strategies such as nutrition education and awareness campaigns were found effective in promoting healthier eating habits. Based on the findings, recommendations are made for policy makers, school administrators, and health practitioners to collaborate on implementing effective interventions aimed at reducing the consumption of ultra-processed foods and promoting healthier dietary choices among school children in Solwezi District.
Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, 2025
Overview: The study on decolonizing peace highlights the critical role of African traditions in f... more Overview: The study on decolonizing peace highlights the critical role of African traditions in fostering peace by emphasizing indigenous approaches to conflict resolution, community cohesion, and restorative justice.
International Journal of Research (IJR), 2025
Barriers to effective research methodology training for undergraduate and postgraduate students s... more Barriers to effective research methodology training for undergraduate and postgraduate students stem from several challenges, including inadequate access to resources, limited faculty expertise, and insufficient practical training. Many institutions struggle with a lack of funding, resulting in outdated research materials, limited access to digital databases, and inadequate laboratory or fieldwork opportunities. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the barriers to effective research methodology training for undergraduate and postgraduate students in selected higher learning institutions in Lusaka district, Zambia. A mixed-methods approach was used combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The study was conducted in Lusaka district, the capital city of Zambia within 4 selected higher learning institutions focusing on undergraduate and postgraduate students. Faculty members were also involved in the study for expert insights. The sample size was 240 respondents. The data collection process involved distributing the structured questionnaires and Semi-structured interviews to the selected participants. The data analysis was mainly descriptive using SPSS and Microsoft excel as well as thematic. The findings revealed lack of adequate resources, including access to up-to-date research materials, software tools, and technical support. Additionally, limited exposure to practical, hands-on experiences during training can hinder students' ability to apply theoretical knowledge in real-world research settings. In some instances, insufficient instructional expertise and lack of trained faculty members may contribute to poor delivery of the research methodology curriculum. Students may also face time constraints due to heavy academic workloads or conflicting schedules, reducing the time they can dedicate to mastering research techniques. The study therefore recommended higher learning institutions to invest in modern research facilities, access to digital libraries, and research software to support students in conducting high-quality research.
International Journal of Research (IJR), 2025
Social well-being plays a critical role in shaping students' academic achievements, as it encompa... more Social well-being plays a critical role in shaping students' academic achievements, as it encompasses the emotional, social, and psychological dimensions of their educational experience. This study explored the effect of social well-being on academic outcomes in selected higher learning institutions in Lusaka District, Zambia. Factors such as supportive peer relationships, a sense of belonging, mental health stability, and access to social support systems are examined to determine their impact on students' academic performance and overall engagement. The research highlights how positive social well-being fosters motivation, resilience, and cognitive functioning, enabling students to excel in their studies. A mixed-methods approach was used combining quantitative and qualitative methods. The study also adopted a correlational research design for the quantitative component and a phenomenological design for the qualitative aspect to explore students' lived experiences. The study was conducted in Lusaka district within 4 selected higher learning institutions. The sample consisted 300 respondents which included University Lecturers and Students. The data collection process involved distributing the structured questionnaires and Semistructured interviews to the selected participants. The quantitative data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS and Microsoft excel whereas the qualitative data from semi structured interviews were analyzed using research themes. The findings revealed a significant correlation between positive social well-being and improved academic performance. Students who reported higher levels of social support, strong peer relationships, and active participation in campus social activities showed enhanced motivation, engagement, and overall academic success. Conversely, students experiencing social isolation or lacking supportive social networks tended to perform poorly academically. The study therefore recommended for a supportive social environment within educational institutions to enhance students' overall academic outcomes, suggesting that addressing social well-being could be an effective strategy for improving student success in higher education settings.
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2025
Gender inequality remains a significant issue in developing nations, where many women face social... more Gender inequality remains a significant issue in developing nations, where many women face social, cultural, and political stigmas, stereotypes, and subjugations. Lack of education is a primary cause of these inequalities, disproportionately affecting women. Highly educated women are often perceived as rude, uncooperative, and incapable of managing household duties, discouraging some women and their parents from pursuing higher education. This study aimed at assessing the effect of Open Distance and E-Learning (ODeL) in enhancing women's access to higher education in Zambia. The study utilized a desk review methodology, examining relevant empirical literature to identify main themes and extract knowledge gaps. The study found that women are significantly marginalized by conventional learning systems at the university level, with restrictive socioeconomic factors being the primary barriers to accessing tertiary education. The study further established that ODeL provide women with the flexibility to study while working and managing family responsibilities. ODeL helps women overcome constraints related to time, space, resources, and socioeconomic barriers, significantly contributing to their empowerment. The study therefore recommends pursuing policies and programs to develop information and communication technology (ICT) and open distance education to broaden access to quality educational opportunities for women in higher education.
International Journal of Research (IJR), 2025
Overview: Abolishing corporal punishment is a significant stride towards establishing a democrati... more Overview: Abolishing corporal punishment is a significant stride towards establishing a democratic education system in Zambia. This move aligns with international human rights standards and reinforces the nation's commitment to protecting the rights and dignity of children. Body of Knowledge: Incorporating democratic principles into the education system involves empowering students to participate actively in their learning processes. Abolishing corporal punishment paves the way for more inclusive and participatory pedagogies, where students' voices are heard and valued. Methods: A descriptive design and mixed-methods approach was employed, combining both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The study sampled 300 respondents; Standard Education Officers, Head Teachers, Teachers, and students from the selected schools within Lusaka District. The study made use of the questionnaires, interviews, focus groups and document analysis to collect data. The quantitative data collected were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) and Microsoft Excel whereas the qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Results: The findings revealed that the transition from corporal punishment to alternative disciplinary measures necessitates comprehensive teacher training and support in the sense that educators need to be equipped with the skills and knowledge to implement positive discipline strategies effectively. Additionally, the study established that the abolition of corporal punishment is a step towards addressing broader social issues such as violence and inequality. Recommendation: The study recommended that by embracing non-violent disciplinary methods, Zambia can create a more respectful, inclusive, and democratic learning environment that benefits all students and sets a strong foundation for their future roles as active and responsible citizens.
International Journal for Social Studies, 2025
Overview: Effective school management practices are critical in promoting discipline among studen... more Overview: Effective school management practices are critical in promoting discipline among students, contributing to an environment conducive to learning and personal development. This study examined the relationship between school management practices and students’ discipline in selected secondary schools in Lusaka District, Zambia.
Body of Knowledge: The study examined key aspects of management practices such as leadership styles, communication, policy implementation, and teacher involvement in maintaining discipline. The
study highlighted the influence of a structured management approach, clear guidelines, and consistent enforcement of rules on fostering a disciplined environment.
Methods: The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study was conducted in Lusaka district, the capital city of Zambia and sampled 5 secondary schools. The sample size was 250 consisting of Head Teachers, Teachers, Pupils, and
parents. The study made use of the questionnaires, and interview guides to collect data. The quantitative data collected were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) and excel whereas the qualitative data were analyzed thematically.
Results: The findings indicated that effective school management practices, such as clear communication of rules, consistent enforcement of disciplinary measures, and active involvement of school leadership, significantly contribute to improved student discipline. Additionally, schools with structured leadership, proactive conflict resolution strategies, and strong teacher-student relationships reported better student behavior.
Recommendation: The study recommended for a holistic and supportive school culture, underpinned by effective management practices as it is essential for improving students’ discipline and overall academic performance.
International Journal of Research (IJR) , 2025
This study examined the application of linear programming in profit maximization in selected comm... more This study examined the application of linear programming in profit maximization in selected commercial farms in Kalulushi district, Zambia. The study was guided by three objectives which are; (a) To determine
how linear programming models help farm management consultants work with their dairy farmer clients to develop improved pastoral-based dairy farm systems, (b) To determine the effectiveness and robust of the GSL linear programming model as an aid to dairy farm management decision making and (c) To suggest strategies which may encourage companies to adopt the application of linear programming technique in ensuring maximization of profit. A theoretical perspective undertaken for the present study is review of various different applications of linear programming. The population for this study consisted of Mathematics teachers as groups of individuals experiencing the teaching and learning at the selected school, workers at the selected farms and farm administrators giving a total of one thousand (1000). The distribution of the sample of 200 individuals among various categories was as follows: Small scale local farmers (65), subject teachers of Mathematics (45), Government agricultural specialists (45) and farm administrators (55). Survey data is analyzed to determine the style of decision making and the problem is defined. The model equations with adequate restraints taking into account manufacturing limitations are solved using MS-Excel solver. Finally, the study found out that most farmers had no ideas about the use of the linear programming model in profit maximization at the farm. The study also discovered that some commercial farmers were using something close to the model but lacked enough knowledge to expand their ideas to get maximum results. To this effect, the study recommended that the government should deploy agricultural officers to educate the farmers on how well they can utilize their lands to make maximum profits.
International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 2024
Overview: This study explored how media literacy programs can contribute to shifting societal att... more Overview: This study explored how media literacy programs can contribute to shifting societal attitudes towards gender equality, focusing on the effectiveness of media education in shaping the views of both men and women in Lusaka.
Body of Knowledge: The study examined the extent to which media literacy programs empower individuals, particularly youth, to challenge discriminatory narratives and advocate for equitable practices. It also assessed the effectiveness of integrating media literacy into educational curricula and community initiatives in fostering a culture of inclusivity and respect for gender diversity.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative research designs to gain a comprehensive understanding of how media literacy influences gender equality practices. A combination of purposive and stratified random sampling was used to select the participants as well as institutions. The sample consisted 200 respondents; Media consumers, Media practitioners, Advocacy groups as well as Educators and students. Structured open-ended interviews, focus groups and questionnaires were used to respondents to collect data. The quantitative data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods,
such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and Microsoft excel whereas the qualitative data were analyzed thematically by coding them to categorize responses into themes.
Results: The findings revealed that Media literacy plays a pivotal role in fostering gender equality practices by equipping individuals with the ability to critically analyze and interpret media content. Additionally, the study found that media literacy also supports civic engagement by encouraging individuals to use media as a platform to advocate for gender equality.
Recommendation: Government through local leaders should launch community campaigns using various media platforms to raise awareness about gender equality practices and the role of media in shaping perceptions, ensuring active participation from local influencers, civic leaders, and advocacy groups.
International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences, 2024
The rapid socio-economic changes in emerging economies demand integrating educational technologie... more The rapid socio-economic changes in emerging economies demand integrating educational technologies to improve learning outcomes and prepare students for the globalized economy. The successful adoption of these technologies relies on effective innovation management, which must address challenges such as limited infrastructure and varying technological literacy levels. This research investigates the role of innovation management in facilitating the adoption of educational technologies in emerging economies. It aims to identify strategies to overcome barriers to technology integration in education and analyze their impact on academic outcomes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from global databases such as the
World Bank's EdStats and UNESCO's Institute for Statistics with qualitative
insights from interviews and case studies in selected emerging economies, including India, Kenya, Brazil, and Nigeria. Statistical analyses revealed a positive correlation between the Innovation Support Index and the Educational Technology Adoption Rate. For instance, India and Brazil
demonstrated higher adoption rates (78% and 80%, respectively) corresponding to robust innovation support systems. In contrast, countries with lower innovation indices, like Nigeria, showed significantly lower adoption rates (50%). The study concludes that strategic innovation
management is critical for driving the successful adoption of educational
technologies in emerging economies. It emphasizes the need for policymakers and academic leaders to prioritize the development of innovation support systems to foster a conducive environment for technology integration. Strengthening innovation support systems significantly enhances the adoption of educational technologies, offering a pathway to improved educational equity and economic growth in these regions.
Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 2024
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed higher education in
recent years by e... more Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed higher education in
recent years by enhancing teaching methods and influencing student learning outcomes. This study investigates the effects of AI on student motivation and cognitive skills, addressing both the benefits and challenges of AI integration. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining a comprehensive literature review with a questionnaire-based survey of 60 university students from diverse academic disciplines. The results indicate that AI tools, such as
intelligent tutoring systems and learning analytics, increase student
engagement, motivation, and problem-solving abilities. However, concerns
regarding over-reliance on AI reduced creativity, and ethical issues such as
privacy and fairness persist. This study highlights the potential of AI to foster personalized learning while emphasizing the need for responsible AI implementation to address its limitations.
World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2024
Overview: The integration of Management Information Systems (MIS) into higher education has signi... more Overview: The integration of Management Information Systems (MIS) into higher education has significantly transformed academic administration and learning processes. In the context of selected higher learning institutions in Lusaka district, Zambia, this study examined the impact of MIS on student academic performance. Body of Knowledge: MIS provides a centralized platform for managing student records, facilitating communication between educators and students, and streamlining the delivery of educational resources. The system enhances realtime access to academic information, such as grades, attendance, and course materials, which fosters student engagement and promotes accountability. Methods: The study employed both the qualitative and quantitative methods as well as correlational and descriptive designs which were considered appropriate for the study. The study that sampled 100 respondents; Faculty Deans, University Lecturers and Students from 4 selected higher learning institutions with Lusaka district in Zambia.. Data was obtained from the respondents by means of interviews and questionnaires. The quantitative data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS and Microsoft excel whereas the qualitative data from semi structured interviews were analyzed thematically. Results: The findings revealed that MIS supports data-driven decision-making by enabling institutions to analyze student performance trends and identify areas requiring intervention. This capability contributes to personalized learning approaches, which are crucial in improving academic outcomes. However, the study also highlighted challenges such as unequal access to MIS due to socioeconomic disparities, limited digital literacy among users, and occasional system downtime. Recommendation: The study underscores the transformative role of MIS in enhancing student academic performance while calling attention to the need for inclusive and robust implementation practices in higher learning institutions in Lusaka, Zambia.
International Journal of Research (IJR), 2024
The study investigated the effect of religious education on the political economy, with a focus o... more The study investigated the effect of religious education on the political economy, with a focus on selected secondary schools in Lusaka district of Zambia. Religious education, often viewed as an instrument of moral and ethical instruction, plays a critical role in shaping students' beliefs and
attitudes towards political and economic systems. This study explored how religious teachings embedded within the curriculum influence students’ understanding of governance, economic justice, social responsibility, and leadership. The study adopted a mixed methods approach which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. The study focused on selected secondary schools in Lusaka District, Zambia, representing urban and peri-urban settings with diverse socio-economic
and religious backgrounds with a sample of 150 respondents. Data were collected from head teachers, teachers, students, and community members through a combination of interviews, and questionnaires. The quantitative data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) and excel whereas the qualitative data from semi structured interviews were analyzed
thematically. The findings revealed that religious education has a profound impact on shaping students' ethical frameworks, often promoting ideals of fairness, integrity, and social justice, which
translate into their political and economic viewpoints. However, the study also identified a complex duality in the outcomes: while religious teachings can encourage democratic participation and a sense of responsibility towards societal welfare, they can also reinforce traditional power structures and potentially conflict with modern political ideologies like liberalism and secularism. The study therefore recommended that schools should organize interfaith dialogues and civic engagement initiatives that encourage students to explore the practical applications of religious principles in addressing political and economic challenges.
Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan, 2024
This study investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in educational leadership... more This study investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in educational leadership, emphasizing the balance between maximizing AI’s benefits and managing its ethical responsibilities. The research aims to analyze how managing AI’s benefits, such as administrative efficiency (84% agreement) and data-driven decision-making (75% agreement), along with addressing ethical risks, including privacy concerns (85%
agreement) and accountability (82% agreement), impacts institutional outcomes. Employing a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data from 150 survey responses were analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses, revealing positive correlations between AI management and institutional outcomes (e.g., r = 0.68
for administrative efficiency). Qualitative data from 20 interviews were analyzed thematically, with prominent themes including privacy, fairness, and transparency. The quantitative data showed that effective AI management is significantly associated with improved institutional outcomes, while qualitative insights underscored the need for ethical frameworks to guide AI use. Balancing AI’s operational benefits with ethical safeguards enhances institutional effectiveness and supports responsible AI integration in educational settings. These findings provide a foundation for policies that promote transparency, accountability, and fairness in AI-driven educational leadership.
International Journal of Research (IJR), 2024
Ethnic identity plays a pivotal role in political mobilization, particularly in regions where pol... more Ethnic identity plays a pivotal role in political mobilization, particularly in regions where political allegiance is closely intertwined with ethnic affiliations. This analytical review examined how political actors exploit ethnic identity to galvanize support, frame electoral strategies, and consolidate power. Ethnic-based mobilization often taps into deep-seated historical, social, and cultural ties, creating a sense of collective identity that political leaders can manipulate to enhance group loyalty and participation. In diverse societies, ethnicity can serve as both a tool for inclusion and exclusion, where political parties and movements may emphasize ethnic solidarity to attract votes or push specific agendas. The study utilized a descriptive and analytical design which aimed to analyze and synthesize findings from various studies to understand how ethnic identity influences political mobilization. Purposive sampling was used to select participants for the study. The sample consisted 150 respondents. The data collection process involved documentary review, literature review and conducting individual interviews on the participants. The collected data were analyzed using themes and content analysis from the objectives of the study. The findings revealed that ethnic identity significantly influences political behavior and participation. It underscores that individuals often align their political affiliations and mobilization efforts with their ethnic group, driven by shared cultural values, historical narratives, and collective grievances. Additionally, the findings highlighted how ethnic identity can both unify communities for political action and create divisions within broader national contexts. The study therefore recommended for governments to facilitate dialogues and forums that bring together various ethnic groups to discuss political representation and participation.
Open Access Library Journal, 2024
This study investigated the influence of modern socializing on children with special education ne... more This study investigated the influence of modern socializing on children with special education needs in Zambia. Socialization is a fundamental process through which individuals acquire the knowledge, skills, values, and behaviours necessary for effective participation in society. In recent years, social media platforms and digital technologies have emerged as influential agents of socialization, offering new opportunities for communication, interaction, and learning. This study was descriptive in nature and had 85 respondents. Data acquired from questionnaires and recorded interviews indicated that families where child's parents and siblings are found help the child develop basic social norms. The study highlighted the impact of social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, internet websites, Gmail/Email, and video games on the socialization experiences of children with special education needs (SEN). Findings revealed that while social media platforms and digital technologies offer expanded opportunities for social connection, learning, and self-expression for children with SEN, they also present unique risks such as exposure to inappropriate content, cyberbullying, and privacy concerns. Additionally, the study highlighted the importance of parental guidance, educator support, and digital literacy education in promoting safe and responsible digital citizenship for children with SEN. Understanding the impact of social media and digital technologies on the socialization process of children with SEN, parents,
Journal of Education and Practice, 2024
This study focused on understanding the changes-in-time in socializing persons with disabilities ... more This study focused on understanding the changes-in-time in socializing persons with disabilities whose main aim was to explore how social interactions and inclusion of persons with disabilities have evolved over the years. The probed the historical perspective of socializing persons with disabilities by examining the societal attitudes and policies towards individuals with disabilities in the past and how they have shaped the current landscape of socialization. The study also looked at how advancements in assistive technology have facilitated communication, networking, and social interaction for individuals with disabilities. This study investigated the barriers and challenges faced by persons with disabilities in socializing. It examines issues such as stigma, discrimination, lack of accessibility, and limited social opportunities that hinder their participation in social activities. The study also proposed recommendations for future research, intervention strategies, and policy changes to promote greater social inclusion and participation for individuals with disabilities.
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Papers by Thelma C H A N S A Chanda
Body of Knowledge: The study examined key aspects of management practices such as leadership styles, communication, policy implementation, and teacher involvement in maintaining discipline. The
study highlighted the influence of a structured management approach, clear guidelines, and consistent enforcement of rules on fostering a disciplined environment.
Methods: The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study was conducted in Lusaka district, the capital city of Zambia and sampled 5 secondary schools. The sample size was 250 consisting of Head Teachers, Teachers, Pupils, and
parents. The study made use of the questionnaires, and interview guides to collect data. The quantitative data collected were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) and excel whereas the qualitative data were analyzed thematically.
Results: The findings indicated that effective school management practices, such as clear communication of rules, consistent enforcement of disciplinary measures, and active involvement of school leadership, significantly contribute to improved student discipline. Additionally, schools with structured leadership, proactive conflict resolution strategies, and strong teacher-student relationships reported better student behavior.
Recommendation: The study recommended for a holistic and supportive school culture, underpinned by effective management practices as it is essential for improving students’ discipline and overall academic performance.
how linear programming models help farm management consultants work with their dairy farmer clients to develop improved pastoral-based dairy farm systems, (b) To determine the effectiveness and robust of the GSL linear programming model as an aid to dairy farm management decision making and (c) To suggest strategies which may encourage companies to adopt the application of linear programming technique in ensuring maximization of profit. A theoretical perspective undertaken for the present study is review of various different applications of linear programming. The population for this study consisted of Mathematics teachers as groups of individuals experiencing the teaching and learning at the selected school, workers at the selected farms and farm administrators giving a total of one thousand (1000). The distribution of the sample of 200 individuals among various categories was as follows: Small scale local farmers (65), subject teachers of Mathematics (45), Government agricultural specialists (45) and farm administrators (55). Survey data is analyzed to determine the style of decision making and the problem is defined. The model equations with adequate restraints taking into account manufacturing limitations are solved using MS-Excel solver. Finally, the study found out that most farmers had no ideas about the use of the linear programming model in profit maximization at the farm. The study also discovered that some commercial farmers were using something close to the model but lacked enough knowledge to expand their ideas to get maximum results. To this effect, the study recommended that the government should deploy agricultural officers to educate the farmers on how well they can utilize their lands to make maximum profits.
Body of Knowledge: The study examined the extent to which media literacy programs empower individuals, particularly youth, to challenge discriminatory narratives and advocate for equitable practices. It also assessed the effectiveness of integrating media literacy into educational curricula and community initiatives in fostering a culture of inclusivity and respect for gender diversity.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative research designs to gain a comprehensive understanding of how media literacy influences gender equality practices. A combination of purposive and stratified random sampling was used to select the participants as well as institutions. The sample consisted 200 respondents; Media consumers, Media practitioners, Advocacy groups as well as Educators and students. Structured open-ended interviews, focus groups and questionnaires were used to respondents to collect data. The quantitative data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods,
such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and Microsoft excel whereas the qualitative data were analyzed thematically by coding them to categorize responses into themes.
Results: The findings revealed that Media literacy plays a pivotal role in fostering gender equality practices by equipping individuals with the ability to critically analyze and interpret media content. Additionally, the study found that media literacy also supports civic engagement by encouraging individuals to use media as a platform to advocate for gender equality.
Recommendation: Government through local leaders should launch community campaigns using various media platforms to raise awareness about gender equality practices and the role of media in shaping perceptions, ensuring active participation from local influencers, civic leaders, and advocacy groups.
World Bank's EdStats and UNESCO's Institute for Statistics with qualitative
insights from interviews and case studies in selected emerging economies, including India, Kenya, Brazil, and Nigeria. Statistical analyses revealed a positive correlation between the Innovation Support Index and the Educational Technology Adoption Rate. For instance, India and Brazil
demonstrated higher adoption rates (78% and 80%, respectively) corresponding to robust innovation support systems. In contrast, countries with lower innovation indices, like Nigeria, showed significantly lower adoption rates (50%). The study concludes that strategic innovation
management is critical for driving the successful adoption of educational
technologies in emerging economies. It emphasizes the need for policymakers and academic leaders to prioritize the development of innovation support systems to foster a conducive environment for technology integration. Strengthening innovation support systems significantly enhances the adoption of educational technologies, offering a pathway to improved educational equity and economic growth in these regions.
recent years by enhancing teaching methods and influencing student learning outcomes. This study investigates the effects of AI on student motivation and cognitive skills, addressing both the benefits and challenges of AI integration. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining a comprehensive literature review with a questionnaire-based survey of 60 university students from diverse academic disciplines. The results indicate that AI tools, such as
intelligent tutoring systems and learning analytics, increase student
engagement, motivation, and problem-solving abilities. However, concerns
regarding over-reliance on AI reduced creativity, and ethical issues such as
privacy and fairness persist. This study highlights the potential of AI to foster personalized learning while emphasizing the need for responsible AI implementation to address its limitations.
attitudes towards political and economic systems. This study explored how religious teachings embedded within the curriculum influence students’ understanding of governance, economic justice, social responsibility, and leadership. The study adopted a mixed methods approach which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. The study focused on selected secondary schools in Lusaka District, Zambia, representing urban and peri-urban settings with diverse socio-economic
and religious backgrounds with a sample of 150 respondents. Data were collected from head teachers, teachers, students, and community members through a combination of interviews, and questionnaires. The quantitative data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) and excel whereas the qualitative data from semi structured interviews were analyzed
thematically. The findings revealed that religious education has a profound impact on shaping students' ethical frameworks, often promoting ideals of fairness, integrity, and social justice, which
translate into their political and economic viewpoints. However, the study also identified a complex duality in the outcomes: while religious teachings can encourage democratic participation and a sense of responsibility towards societal welfare, they can also reinforce traditional power structures and potentially conflict with modern political ideologies like liberalism and secularism. The study therefore recommended that schools should organize interfaith dialogues and civic engagement initiatives that encourage students to explore the practical applications of religious principles in addressing political and economic challenges.
agreement) and accountability (82% agreement), impacts institutional outcomes. Employing a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data from 150 survey responses were analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses, revealing positive correlations between AI management and institutional outcomes (e.g., r = 0.68
for administrative efficiency). Qualitative data from 20 interviews were analyzed thematically, with prominent themes including privacy, fairness, and transparency. The quantitative data showed that effective AI management is significantly associated with improved institutional outcomes, while qualitative insights underscored the need for ethical frameworks to guide AI use. Balancing AI’s operational benefits with ethical safeguards enhances institutional effectiveness and supports responsible AI integration in educational settings. These findings provide a foundation for policies that promote transparency, accountability, and fairness in AI-driven educational leadership.
Body of Knowledge: The study examined key aspects of management practices such as leadership styles, communication, policy implementation, and teacher involvement in maintaining discipline. The
study highlighted the influence of a structured management approach, clear guidelines, and consistent enforcement of rules on fostering a disciplined environment.
Methods: The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study was conducted in Lusaka district, the capital city of Zambia and sampled 5 secondary schools. The sample size was 250 consisting of Head Teachers, Teachers, Pupils, and
parents. The study made use of the questionnaires, and interview guides to collect data. The quantitative data collected were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) and excel whereas the qualitative data were analyzed thematically.
Results: The findings indicated that effective school management practices, such as clear communication of rules, consistent enforcement of disciplinary measures, and active involvement of school leadership, significantly contribute to improved student discipline. Additionally, schools with structured leadership, proactive conflict resolution strategies, and strong teacher-student relationships reported better student behavior.
Recommendation: The study recommended for a holistic and supportive school culture, underpinned by effective management practices as it is essential for improving students’ discipline and overall academic performance.
how linear programming models help farm management consultants work with their dairy farmer clients to develop improved pastoral-based dairy farm systems, (b) To determine the effectiveness and robust of the GSL linear programming model as an aid to dairy farm management decision making and (c) To suggest strategies which may encourage companies to adopt the application of linear programming technique in ensuring maximization of profit. A theoretical perspective undertaken for the present study is review of various different applications of linear programming. The population for this study consisted of Mathematics teachers as groups of individuals experiencing the teaching and learning at the selected school, workers at the selected farms and farm administrators giving a total of one thousand (1000). The distribution of the sample of 200 individuals among various categories was as follows: Small scale local farmers (65), subject teachers of Mathematics (45), Government agricultural specialists (45) and farm administrators (55). Survey data is analyzed to determine the style of decision making and the problem is defined. The model equations with adequate restraints taking into account manufacturing limitations are solved using MS-Excel solver. Finally, the study found out that most farmers had no ideas about the use of the linear programming model in profit maximization at the farm. The study also discovered that some commercial farmers were using something close to the model but lacked enough knowledge to expand their ideas to get maximum results. To this effect, the study recommended that the government should deploy agricultural officers to educate the farmers on how well they can utilize their lands to make maximum profits.
Body of Knowledge: The study examined the extent to which media literacy programs empower individuals, particularly youth, to challenge discriminatory narratives and advocate for equitable practices. It also assessed the effectiveness of integrating media literacy into educational curricula and community initiatives in fostering a culture of inclusivity and respect for gender diversity.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative research designs to gain a comprehensive understanding of how media literacy influences gender equality practices. A combination of purposive and stratified random sampling was used to select the participants as well as institutions. The sample consisted 200 respondents; Media consumers, Media practitioners, Advocacy groups as well as Educators and students. Structured open-ended interviews, focus groups and questionnaires were used to respondents to collect data. The quantitative data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods,
such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and Microsoft excel whereas the qualitative data were analyzed thematically by coding them to categorize responses into themes.
Results: The findings revealed that Media literacy plays a pivotal role in fostering gender equality practices by equipping individuals with the ability to critically analyze and interpret media content. Additionally, the study found that media literacy also supports civic engagement by encouraging individuals to use media as a platform to advocate for gender equality.
Recommendation: Government through local leaders should launch community campaigns using various media platforms to raise awareness about gender equality practices and the role of media in shaping perceptions, ensuring active participation from local influencers, civic leaders, and advocacy groups.
World Bank's EdStats and UNESCO's Institute for Statistics with qualitative
insights from interviews and case studies in selected emerging economies, including India, Kenya, Brazil, and Nigeria. Statistical analyses revealed a positive correlation between the Innovation Support Index and the Educational Technology Adoption Rate. For instance, India and Brazil
demonstrated higher adoption rates (78% and 80%, respectively) corresponding to robust innovation support systems. In contrast, countries with lower innovation indices, like Nigeria, showed significantly lower adoption rates (50%). The study concludes that strategic innovation
management is critical for driving the successful adoption of educational
technologies in emerging economies. It emphasizes the need for policymakers and academic leaders to prioritize the development of innovation support systems to foster a conducive environment for technology integration. Strengthening innovation support systems significantly enhances the adoption of educational technologies, offering a pathway to improved educational equity and economic growth in these regions.
recent years by enhancing teaching methods and influencing student learning outcomes. This study investigates the effects of AI on student motivation and cognitive skills, addressing both the benefits and challenges of AI integration. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining a comprehensive literature review with a questionnaire-based survey of 60 university students from diverse academic disciplines. The results indicate that AI tools, such as
intelligent tutoring systems and learning analytics, increase student
engagement, motivation, and problem-solving abilities. However, concerns
regarding over-reliance on AI reduced creativity, and ethical issues such as
privacy and fairness persist. This study highlights the potential of AI to foster personalized learning while emphasizing the need for responsible AI implementation to address its limitations.
attitudes towards political and economic systems. This study explored how religious teachings embedded within the curriculum influence students’ understanding of governance, economic justice, social responsibility, and leadership. The study adopted a mixed methods approach which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. The study focused on selected secondary schools in Lusaka District, Zambia, representing urban and peri-urban settings with diverse socio-economic
and religious backgrounds with a sample of 150 respondents. Data were collected from head teachers, teachers, students, and community members through a combination of interviews, and questionnaires. The quantitative data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics using SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) and excel whereas the qualitative data from semi structured interviews were analyzed
thematically. The findings revealed that religious education has a profound impact on shaping students' ethical frameworks, often promoting ideals of fairness, integrity, and social justice, which
translate into their political and economic viewpoints. However, the study also identified a complex duality in the outcomes: while religious teachings can encourage democratic participation and a sense of responsibility towards societal welfare, they can also reinforce traditional power structures and potentially conflict with modern political ideologies like liberalism and secularism. The study therefore recommended that schools should organize interfaith dialogues and civic engagement initiatives that encourage students to explore the practical applications of religious principles in addressing political and economic challenges.
agreement) and accountability (82% agreement), impacts institutional outcomes. Employing a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data from 150 survey responses were analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses, revealing positive correlations between AI management and institutional outcomes (e.g., r = 0.68
for administrative efficiency). Qualitative data from 20 interviews were analyzed thematically, with prominent themes including privacy, fairness, and transparency. The quantitative data showed that effective AI management is significantly associated with improved institutional outcomes, while qualitative insights underscored the need for ethical frameworks to guide AI use. Balancing AI’s operational benefits with ethical safeguards enhances institutional effectiveness and supports responsible AI integration in educational settings. These findings provide a foundation for policies that promote transparency, accountability, and fairness in AI-driven educational leadership.