Papers by Md. Mostafa Monwar
This paper reports the effects of different dietary lipid concentrations on growth, food conversi... more This paper reports the effects of different dietary lipid concentrations on growth, food conversion and product (meat) quality of blackfin sea bream Acanthopagrus berda (mean body weight 10.2±0.5 g) juveniles which were collected from Sonari channel, Hawksbay, Karachi and were brought to the laboratory. Fish were acclimatized for 10 days. Subsequently, they were placed in rectangular glass tanks (150 liters each). Six fish were stocked in each tank with three replications. Fish were fed four isonitrogenous (42% protein) diets of different lipid levels (15%, 20%, 25% and 30%) for 60 days. Fish fed diet of 20% lipid showed considerable weight gain, high specific growth rate (SGR) and low feed conversion ratio (FCR) values. Fish body protein concentration remained consistent though liner relationship was found between body lipid and lipid level in the diets. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) was directly proportional to the concentration of lipid in diets. Generally, the nutrients like protein, lipid and ash in the fish meat were not significantly influenced by the lipid levels. No substantial changes in total quantity of saturates were noted in liver of the fish. Similarly, the monounsaturated fatty acid were only partially affected. No important differences were shown in total monoenes. The overall poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly increased as lipid level increased. The n-3/n-6 was found to be reduced from 5.4 to 2.3 among fish fed diets of 15% and 30% lipid levels. Based on the biological data, it was estimated that optimal level of lipid for A. berda weighing from 10.2 g and 56.3 g was 20%.
Abstract Human communities inhabiting remote and
geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are pa... more Abstract Human communities inhabiting remote and
geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change-related hazards and hydrometeorological extremes. This study presents the community livelihood structure, perception of climate change, and indigenous coping strategies adopted by the local communities in the flood plain areas especially at the Hail haor. Field observations reveal that there have been several recent phenomena that are identified and reported on the manifestations of climate change by the respondent community members. These phenomena includes the following: loss of income (90 %), reduced fish availability (80 %), reduced fish diversity (70 %), reduced migratory bird’s availability (70 %), decreased crop production (70 %), food crisis (70 %), reduced aquatic plants availability (60 %), sudden flood (60 %), increased storm (60 %), decreased water-retaining capacity of beels and haor (60 %), increased drought (50 %), temperature rise (50 %), drying of water supply canal (50 %), scattered rainfall patterns (40 %), increased fish diseases during winter season (40 %), increased human viral diseases (20 %), and introduction of unknown paddy diseases (red coloration of plant, 20 %). The indigenous adaptation and coping strategies were identified. The correlations between coping strategies and physical, human, financial, natural, and social assets were significant. From the present field observation, it is evident that livestock rearing, homestead vegetable gardening, increased fishing time, and change in livelihood options found as most effective options to cope with the adverse effect of climate change. By identifying localized climate change disasters with intensity of impacts and analyzing indigenous coping mechanisms, this study attempts to address the community-based adaptation practices in climate change challenges.
Abstract: Hail haor has played a crucial role in the natural fish production, maintenance of biod... more Abstract: Hail haor has played a crucial role in the natural fish production, maintenance of biodiversity and creation of employment in the north-east area of Bangladesh. In the recent years it is losing its reputation. Although climate change is the main reason for the adverse impact on its beauty and resources, other factors such as population increase, over exploitation of fish, and lack of knowledge about its economic importance, are also responsible. This study was undertaken to review activities of the existing co-management organizations in the Hail haor in the context of threats of climate change in the locality. The findings show that 57% of the respondents’ main occupation is fishing. The respondent community people show a degree of concern, and perceive the manifestations of climate change as changes in temperature, rainfall and water flow. The two concerned Resource Management Organizations (RMO) are reasonably operational. The Borogangina RMO (score of 80.60) has been found to be better performing as compared to Dumuria (score 66). There remain some problems in the study area which pose a challenge to RMOs members. In this context government should restart the existing co-management system in the Hail haor for the sustainable development of the haor. Keywords: Hail Haor, RMO, CMO, FGD
Bangladesh Journal of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, 2009
International Journal of Ecotoxicology and Agricultural Technology, Dec 2012
Successful rematuration and spawning of hatchery used wild spawners (Broodstock) were conducted i... more Successful rematuration and spawning of hatchery used wild spawners (Broodstock) were conducted in the green house of Niribili Hatchery at Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. After first spawning, ten healthy female spawners having length and body weight ranges of 18.0-22.0 cm and 90.9-105.1 gm respectively were directly stocked (one per each tank) in ten circular fiberglass tanks of 500 L capacity. In addition to first spawning in the maturation tanks, a total of three repeat spawnings were observed from the rematured spawners. Gonadal condition of the experimental spawners (n=10) was fully spent for eight individuals and partially spent for two individuals during stocking in the rematuration tanks. Of all the spawners, 100% spawned for second time, 80% spawned for third time and 50% spawned in the fourth time. Total number of eggs laid by the ten spawners was 60.4x10 4 , out of which fertilized eggs and larvae obtained were 57.5x10 4 and 49.5x10 4 respectively in the first spawning, the corresponding rates of fertilization and hatching being 95.05% and 85.08%. In first repeat (rematured) spawning, the total number of eggs and larvae produced by ten spawners were 52x10 4 and 37x10 4 and fertilization and hatching rates were 92.76% and 76.89% respectively. Observations limited to the 10 prawns studied indicate that while the fertilization rate of eggs was almost uniform, hatching rate gradually decreased with each consecutive spawning. The recovering spawners were maintained under controlled environmental conditions of water temperature (28.05 ± 0.15 o C), salinity (12.0 ± 0.10 gL-1) and DO (6.5±0.05 ppm), and fed on fresh frozen meat of squid, clam, cockle, and crab as well as a combination of those items, at 15% (wet weight) of their body weight, crab meat (97.79%) being the most preferred feed consumed during their rematuration.
The Halda River of Bangladesh gains its importance as natural spawning ground of major carp fishe... more The Halda River of Bangladesh gains its importance as natural spawning ground of major carp fishes. A check-list of bony fish in the Halda River was carried out. It appeared that the fish fauna in this river is dominated by the family of Cyprinidae (28.57 %) represented by 18 species, followed by Gobiidae (9.52 %) represented by 6 species and Schibeidae (7.94 %) with 5 species, than Bagridae and Channidae (6.35 %) with 4 species each, Siluridae (4.76 %) with 3 species. Among the listed families, there are 14 families represented by a single species and 4 families by 2 species. The total number of species is 63 belonging to 51 genera pertaining to 24 families and 9 orders. The present study reported 5 migrant species from the Bay of Bengal and 3 species as exotic species.
Jumbo tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon is the world's most popular cultivable species for its fast gr... more Jumbo tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon is the world's most popular cultivable species for its fast growth, hardy nature, delicious taste and market demand. During the last three decades shrimp culture has been expanded rapidly. White spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is a great treat to this culture expansion. In this research, WSSV free fries were stocked in four coastal ponds with different salinities. The stocking density was kept low and constant. Water parameters, fish growth, and WSSV contamination were recorded fortnightly. The WSSV contamination was primarily detected by using Enbio Shrimp Virus Detection Test Kit, 'Shrimple' and further confirmed by the PCR test. Among the ponds, Pond A, B, and C were in completely controlled environmental condition where as pond D was traditional one that exposed to tidal variations. Physico-chemical parameter varied from as, temperature 29 to 32ºC, salinity 0 to 31‰, water pH 7.1 to 8.3, dissolved oxygen 3.8 to 6.3 mL L -1 , alkalinity 80-122 mg L -1 , ammonia 0 to 1.5 mg L -1 and transparency 23 to 50 cm. The WSSV was found positive in the pond D just after hundred days, when the average weight of the shrimps was 26.69 g. It is observed that rapid change in the salinity and temperature, poor environmental conditions and uncontrolled exchange of water made the shrimp more vulnerable to the WSSV.
The Halda River of Bangladesh has immense importance as it is the only natural spawning ground of... more The Halda River of Bangladesh has immense importance as it is the only natural spawning ground of major carp fishes. In the present survey, the overall fish distribution and biodiversity from the upper portion of Halda River along with its two tributaries were studied. The sampling stations were Nazirhat Bridge, Sattarghat Bridge and Garduara. Fishes were collected directly from sampling stations two times in a month during the period of January to December, 2012. The species diversity was analyzed using the following diversity indices:
Disease outbreak in shrimp culture sector has abandoned the vast coastal areas of Bangladesh. The... more Disease outbreak in shrimp culture sector has abandoned the vast coastal areas of Bangladesh. These abandoned areas treated as 'brown fields' could be utilized for finfish culture using low cost inputs. This type of culture practice has the potential to be successful in the coastal waters due to having seasonally fluctuating salinity of 0 to 15 ppt. The present study was conducted to determine the growth and survival of seabass (Lates calcarifer) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) using different stocking ratios without giving any supplementary feed to seabass. Tilapia was stocked at 1 individual/m 2 . Tilapia fry was expected to provide food for seabass in the selected culture ponds. The stocking ratio of tilapia and seabass were 4:1, 5:1 and 6:1 in ponds with three replicates for each treatment. During 3 months culture period, the highest harvest weight of seabass and tilapia was recorded as 74.3 and 49.1 g/m 2 , respectively and the highest survival rate of seabass and tilapia was recorded as 78.3 and 61.9%, respectively. The highest growth rate of seabass was recorded as 14.67 g/day and the highest biomass of seabass and tilapia (collectively) was found as 116.9 g/m 2 . The present study reveals that seabasstilapia polyculture may be a good solution to utilize the coastal brown fields of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.
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Papers by Md. Mostafa Monwar
geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change-related hazards and hydrometeorological extremes. This study presents the community livelihood structure, perception of climate change, and indigenous coping strategies adopted by the local communities in the flood plain areas especially at the Hail haor. Field observations reveal that there have been several recent phenomena that are identified and reported on the manifestations of climate change by the respondent community members. These phenomena includes the following: loss of income (90 %), reduced fish availability (80 %), reduced fish diversity (70 %), reduced migratory bird’s availability (70 %), decreased crop production (70 %), food crisis (70 %), reduced aquatic plants availability (60 %), sudden flood (60 %), increased storm (60 %), decreased water-retaining capacity of beels and haor (60 %), increased drought (50 %), temperature rise (50 %), drying of water supply canal (50 %), scattered rainfall patterns (40 %), increased fish diseases during winter season (40 %), increased human viral diseases (20 %), and introduction of unknown paddy diseases (red coloration of plant, 20 %). The indigenous adaptation and coping strategies were identified. The correlations between coping strategies and physical, human, financial, natural, and social assets were significant. From the present field observation, it is evident that livestock rearing, homestead vegetable gardening, increased fishing time, and change in livelihood options found as most effective options to cope with the adverse effect of climate change. By identifying localized climate change disasters with intensity of impacts and analyzing indigenous coping mechanisms, this study attempts to address the community-based adaptation practices in climate change challenges.
Books by Md. Mostafa Monwar
geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change-related hazards and hydrometeorological extremes. This study presents the community livelihood structure, perception of climate change, and indigenous coping strategies adopted by the local communities in the flood plain areas especially at the Hail haor. Field observations reveal that there have been several recent phenomena that are identified and reported on the manifestations of climate change by the respondent community members. These phenomena includes the following: loss of income (90 %), reduced fish availability (80 %), reduced fish diversity (70 %), reduced migratory bird’s availability (70 %), decreased crop production (70 %), food crisis (70 %), reduced aquatic plants availability (60 %), sudden flood (60 %), increased storm (60 %), decreased water-retaining capacity of beels and haor (60 %), increased drought (50 %), temperature rise (50 %), drying of water supply canal (50 %), scattered rainfall patterns (40 %), increased fish diseases during winter season (40 %), increased human viral diseases (20 %), and introduction of unknown paddy diseases (red coloration of plant, 20 %). The indigenous adaptation and coping strategies were identified. The correlations between coping strategies and physical, human, financial, natural, and social assets were significant. From the present field observation, it is evident that livestock rearing, homestead vegetable gardening, increased fishing time, and change in livelihood options found as most effective options to cope with the adverse effect of climate change. By identifying localized climate change disasters with intensity of impacts and analyzing indigenous coping mechanisms, this study attempts to address the community-based adaptation practices in climate change challenges.