Case-sensitive passwords were introduced in Oracle Database 11g, causing some misunderstanding and introducing quite a lot of annoying problems for DBAs, even though it was really required to bring level of Oracle’s security to 21st century standards ;). Since then, even more changes were introduced, including for example deprecation of SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON database parameter, IGNORECASE argument of ORAPWD tool or password file format change in 12c.