Papers by Victor Marchezini
This article analyzes the needs and organizational capacities of municipal civil defense units in... more This article analyzes the needs and organizational capacities of municipal civil defense units in Brazil and discusses cocreated proposals to catalyze national policy implementation at the municipal scale. The problem-oriented research conducted between October 2020 and December 2021 adopted mixed methods, composed of an online survey with 1,993 municipalities, interviews with 31 municipalities’ representatives across five regions of Brazil, and ten virtual focus groups with 260 participants. The qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed and summarized in five main topics that oriented the coproduction of proposals to catalyze policy implementation at the municipal level. These five main topics were centered on i) the professionalization of civil defense services; ii) funding sources to catalyze the implementation of municipal civil defense actions; iii) improving permanent communication among the national, state, and municipal civil defense units; iv) creating capacity development activities that are tailored to regional and biomes’ specificities; and v) fostering social and cross-sectoral participation in the civil defense policy.
Revista Brasileira de Políticas Públicas, Feb 16, 2024
The article analyzed the federal budget corresponding to the National Civil Defense and Protectio... more The article analyzed the federal budget corresponding to the National Civil Defense and Protection Policy, between 2018 and 2022, aiming of verifying whether the amounts made available, within the scope of the Ministry of Regional Development, as well as their execution, can be considered sufficient for the implementation of the legal duty to prevent and mitigate disasters in the country. Based on a literature review, analysis of documentary research, and quantitative and qualitative data from a Municipal Survey on Civil Protection and Defense with 1,993 Brazilian municipalities, carried out between February 18 and May 27, 2021, the study is structured from an organization that discusses: budget and scenario of budgetary execution of Civil Defense in Brazil; parliamentary amendments; extraordinary, special and supplementary credit through provisional measures and ordinary laws; the duty of budget planning as an instrument for the implementation of the National Policy in Brazil, diagnosis of the problem and possible solution alternatives. As a result, the insufficiency of the federal budget was identified As a result, the need for budget replanning regarding the amount reserved for Civil Defense and Protection was highlighted. Finally, from a scarce view in the national literature, which connects planning, budget execution, and the legal duty to combat insufficiency and omission in public policies, some recommendations for reducing the identified budgetary vulnerability were presented.
Razón y Palabra, Aug 7, 2023
happens": notes about institutional communication "Solo se acuerdan de defensa civil cuando hay u... more happens": notes about institutional communication "Solo se acuerdan de defensa civil cuando hay un desastre": notas sobre la comunicación institucional "Só se lembram da defesa civil quando tem desastre": notas sobre a comunicação institucional Um diagnóstico realizado com profissionais da área de proteção e defesa civil revelou que há uma demanda muito grande por reconhecimento social da profissão, sobretudo para ações que evitem ou minimizem as consequências dos desastres. Nos três níveis do Sistema Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil (Sinpdec) foram observadas lacunas em termos de Comunicação Institucional. Este artigo discute como a falta de comunicação feita pelos atores do Sinpdec para a população contribui para que eles sejam somente lembrados nos momentos de eclosão de desastres e encontrem dificuldades para obter o desejado reconhecimento social.
Routledge eBooks, Nov 13, 2023
International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, Sep 30, 2023
The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction and the World Meteorological Organization l... more The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction and the World Meteorological Organization launched in 2022 the executive plan of the world program "Early Warning Systems for All" to be implemented from 2023 to 2027. This program champions an investment of USD 3.1 billion into the four pillars of warning systems and calls for multi-hazard and peoplecentered warning systems (PCWS). However, there is a scientific gap concerning interdisciplinary approaches to promoting them. Motivated by the call for action of "Early Warning Systems for All" and warning research gaps on the lack of interdisciplinarity, a workshop series "Interdisciplinary Approaches for Advancing People-Centered Warning Systems" was held in early 2023. This short article shares the preliminary findings and recommendations of this research, which involved a transnational virtual dialogue between one scientific organization in Brazil and one from the United States. The findings and recommendations discussed in three virtual sessions and one collective working paper were centered on three aspects: promoting interdisciplinary integration in research; the need to discuss the characteristics of a PCWS; and promoting problem-and solution-based programs with people to integrate them at all phases of the warning system.
International Journal of Disaster Risk Science
Disaster forensic approaches aim to identify the causes of disasters to support disaster risk man... more Disaster forensic approaches aim to identify the causes of disasters to support disaster risk management. However, few studies have conducted a systematic literature review of scientific articles that labeled themselves as a forensic approach to disasters. This article provides a qualitative analysis of these forensic studies, focusing on five main issues: (1) the methodologies applied; (2) the forensic approaches used in the disaster risk management phases; (3) the hazards addressed; (4) if the methodologies involve social participation, and using what types of participation; and (5) if there are references to urban planning in the scientific studies analyzed. Our results showed a predominance of the Forensic Investigations of Disasters (FORIN) and Post-Event Review Capability (PERC) methodologies used in isolation or combination. There is a need for methodologies that engage people in participatory FORIN, fostering the co-production of knowledge and action research approaches.
Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal
PurposeThe question of “why we are in disaster studies” can be essential to reflect on discourses... more PurposeThe question of “why we are in disaster studies” can be essential to reflect on discourses and practices – as students, researchers and professors – in constituting an oppressive disaster science and finding ways to liberate from it.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on autobiographical research and institutional ethnography to observe and analyze the discourses and practices about career trajectories as students, researchers and professors in disaster studies.FindingsThe paper provides some categories, concepts, theoretical approaches and lived experiences helpful for discussing ways of liberating disaster studies, such as public sociology of disaster.Originality/valueFew papers have focused on professional trajectories in disaster studies, bringing insights from public sociology and questioning oppressive disaster science.
Desastres e calamidades sempre despertaram uma forma de governo diante do acontecimento de crise.... more Desastres e calamidades sempre despertaram uma forma de governo diante do acontecimento de crise. Perante plantações ressecadas pelo Sol, submersas pelas águas da inundação ou destruídas por pragas, faraós, imperadores e demais governantes estabeleciam reservas de alimentos em celeiros, distribuíam alimentos e roupas para toda a população, perdoavam impostos nas áreas atingidas, etc. No mundo contemporâneo, tais mecanismos e dispositivos de poder se aperfeiçoaram. Desastres têm sido objeto de uma biopolítica: são inseridos numa série de acontecimentos prováveis, passam por cálculos de custo, elaboram-se métodos de observação, entram numa estatística, etc. Ademais, adotam-se técnicas de governo para declarar estado de exceção e criar fissuras no ordenamento jurídico, como Situação de Emergência (SE) e Estado de Calamidade Pública (ECP). Tais declarações são desconexas às demandas sociais de reconstrução e recuperação no médio, curto e longo prazos. A partir do desastre de São Luiz do Paraitinga (SP), analisa-se o processo de recuperação do município, no período de janeiro de 2010 a junho de 2013. No enredo oficial do desastre há agentes que detêm a fala e produzem seus entendimentos imediatos sobre o mundo do outro, falando pelos atingidos e definindo o que precisam, o que é melhor para eles. Neste livro, analiso o desastre como expressão de relações de poder para entender o campo de forças que conformam os discursos e as práticas. Para tanto, destaco lógicas de poder que se entrecruzam: a do fazer viver, a do deixar morrer e a do fazer resistir.
One of the challenges of disaster science is finding connections between different areas of knowl... more One of the challenges of disaster science is finding connections between different areas of knowledge –interdisciplinary approach– and to be transdisciplinary, i.e., engaging non-scientists in the formulation and development of research, in the co-production of knowledge. Developing people-centered warning systems is a scientific challenge and one of the recommendations of the United Nations in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. This article aims to discuss theoretical and interdisciplinary methodologies to support the development of community-based early warning systems to cope with disaster risks. Using bibliographic review and field research with qualitative methods in Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the article shares preliminary findings of a workshop on CBEWS. There are important shortcomings regarding the concept of CBEWS, the subsystems involved and how to find ways for implementation.
A gestao de riscos e os chamados a resiliencia tem sido feitos em um vazio conceitual e politico,... more A gestao de riscos e os chamados a resiliencia tem sido feitos em um vazio conceitual e politico, distantes das experiencias das pessoas em situacao de vulnerabilidade e do enfoque da protecao social, tao necessarios as realidades da Macrometropole Paulista, onde as vitimas do modelo de crescimento economico excludente convivem – ha geracoes – com riscos cotidianos e desastres que sao negligenciados. Embora considerado um Estado Resiliente, Sao Paulo ainda esta distante de reconhecer que desastres sao problemas mal resolvidos de desenvolvimento. Ha necessidade de fazer perguntas para promover dialogos no tema. Palavras-chave: Vulnerabilidade; Resiliencia; Macrometropole Paulista; Gestao do risco; Narrativa do risco.
Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ, 2019
uma série de ações para a redução de risco de desastres (RRD), incluindo a necessidade de criação... more uma série de ações para a redução de risco de desastres (RRD), incluindo a necessidade de criação, pelos países, de estratégias educativas no tema, voltadas a diferentes públicos. Apesar disso, a produção científica no tema ainda é incipiente, sobretudo no Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever e analisar algumas iniciativas de educação em RRD, formais e não-formais, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, um dos estados mais atingidos por desastres no Brasil. As cinco experiências analisadas compartilham algumas dimensões de planejamento e implementação, considerando os diferentes sujeitos da ensinagem. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de maior envolvimento do setor educativo no tema, com vistas a criar uma rede de educadores (as). Palavras-chave: educação; prevenção de desastres; redução do risco de desastres
Human Organization, 2015
With the increase in frequency and visibility of disasters in contemporary state societies, natio... more With the increase in frequency and visibility of disasters in contemporary state societies, national governments have developed a collection of agencies to manage catastrophic events. These institutions invariably deal with human populations as a political, scientific, and biological problem, an approach Michel Foucault described as biopolitical. In this article, I discuss some aspects of disaster governance, focusing on the long-term recovery process. Specifically, I analyze the fundamental biopolitical assumptions of the discourses and practices on the part of governmental disaster response agencies in São Luiz do Paraitinga, Brazil. In this case of biopolitical response to disaster, the discourses and practices implemented by governmental agencies created the illusion that state agencies successfully responded to the disaster by saving biological lives. This article shows how these biopolitcal discourses and practices also had the unintended and unacknowledged effects of devaluin...
Partindo do conceito de sociedade de risco, esse estudo visa analisar alguns aspectos da baixa re... more Partindo do conceito de sociedade de risco, esse estudo visa analisar alguns aspectos da baixa reflexividade na produção social das cidades. Focaliza o tema da vulnerabilidade dos citadinos frente às ameaças das chuvas ilustrando com o caso de uma cidade média do interior paulista, São Carlos. Para apresentar algumas das dimensões político-sociais imbricadas na persistência dos danos humanos, materiais e ambientais a cada estação chuvosa, toma as considerações mais gerais de Giddens acerca das tensões entre peritos e leigos e a ausência paulatina de pontos de acesso entre a sociedade e o poder constituído.
Routledge eBooks, Aug 3, 2022
Routledge eBooks, Aug 3, 2022
Uploads
Papers by Victor Marchezini
No mundo contemporâneo, tais mecanismos e dispositivos de poder se aperfeiçoaram. Desastres têm sido objeto de uma biopolítica: são inseridos numa série de acontecimentos prováveis, passam por cálculos de custo, elaboram-se métodos de observação, entram numa estatística, etc. Ademais, adotam-se técnicas de governo para declarar estado de exceção e criar fissuras no ordenamento jurídico, como Situação de Emergência (SE) e Estado de Calamidade Pública (ECP). Tais declarações são desconexas às demandas sociais de reconstrução e recuperação no médio, curto e longo prazos.
A partir do desastre de São Luiz do Paraitinga (SP), analisa-se o processo de recuperação do município, no período de janeiro de 2010 a junho de 2013. No enredo oficial do desastre há agentes que detêm a fala e produzem seus entendimentos imediatos sobre o mundo do outro, falando pelos atingidos e definindo o que precisam, o que é melhor para eles. Neste livro, analiso o desastre como expressão de relações de poder para entender o campo de forças que conformam os discursos e as práticas. Para tanto, destaco lógicas de poder que se entrecruzam: a do fazer viver, a do deixar morrer e a do fazer resistir.
transformation and those protecting the interests of the powerful and wealthy. This group studies COVIDcapitalism around the world to understand whether social and economic justice are being served, or whether state and non-state actors are using the pandemic to consolidate control, to financially profit, and to protect systems of oppression. This Working Group has come together to study the phenomena of disaster capitalism (DC) in the context of
the COVID-19 pandemic—in essence an evolved phenomenon, COVID-capitalism. The priority research
topics below at times also connect to classic concerns of disaster capitalism outside of the pandemic window.
This is because we believe that many of the solutions to the ills of COVID-capitalism are structural, and require long-term, radical adjustments to all facets of society.
https://isaconf.confex.com/isaconf/forum2020/webprogrampreliminary/Symposium605.html
@IsaRc39
a inundações e deslizamentos. Contudo, ainda é preciso identificar os cenários de riscos
futuros nas áreas onde estão estes sítios arqueológicos.