Papers by Bella Ya-Hui Lien
Occupational Therapy International, Mar 6, 2019
Background/Aim. Almost all interventions in occupational therapy require the active engagement of... more Background/Aim. Almost all interventions in occupational therapy require the active engagement of the patients. However, no scale has been specifically designed for assessing engagement in occupational therapy. The purposes of this study were to develop the occupational therapy engagement scale (OTES) and to examine its unidimensionality, reliability, and predictive validity. Methods. The OTES was developed through the review of similar scales, eight experts' opinions, cognitive interviews, and pilot testing. The unidimensionality was verified with Rasch model fitting and principal component analysis. The Rasch reliability was also estimated. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to validate the predictive validity by examining the association between the Rasch scores of the OTES and patients' performance of activities of daily living (ADL). Results. A total of 253 patients with stroke were rated by 22 therapists using the OTES. The mean age of the patients was 62 3 ± 13 2 years old, and 65.2% of the patients were male. The infit and outfit MNSQ of the 12 items of the OTES ranged from 0.62 to 1.34. The unexplained variance of the first dimension of the principal component analysis was 4.0%. The mean person reliability of the OTES was 0.88. Pearson's r between the OTES and patients' ADL performance was 0.37. Conclusions. The results of Rasch analysis supported that the items of the OTES were unidimensional. The OTES had sufficient person reliability and predictive validity in patients with stoke.
Quality & Quantity, 2012
Most data for qualitative research studies in the management field are collected through observat... more Most data for qualitative research studies in the management field are collected through observations and interviews. Written words and photographs are too static to accurately portray the depth of the given event or interview. We advocate the application of video data. The advantages of video data are its ability to capture the interaction of the participant with the environment, capturing of nonverbal cues, and establishing a permanent record. We recommend the use of Patton's (Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods, Sage, Newbury, 1990) process of analysis as a basis for an analytical procedure. To code video data research, software such as Vivo or ATLAS.ti can be used. The four standards to examine the validity and reliability of qualitative research studies (credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability) should also apply to video data analysis. The only outcome and true goal for the use of video data in management research can only be the provision of richer knowledge for academic development.
Scandinavian journal of occupational therapy, Jan 13, 2015
Background: Male drivers in the 16- to 19-year age group have a nine-fold increase in their crash... more Background: Male drivers in the 16- to 19-year age group have a nine-fold increase in their crash risk compared with 25- to 34-year-olds who have a relative risk of 2.3. Crash risk in young drivers has been directly linked to risk-taking behaviour. This paper reports the development of a video risk assessment tool for use with drivers. Aim/objective: This paper reports on the process of validating and investigating the reliability of the Occupational Therapy Risk Propensity Test (OT-RiPT) to measure risk-taking propensity. Material and methods: 20 healthy male participants were recruited. OT-RiPT scores were correlated with driving experience. Internal consistency was investigated using Cronbach's alpha. Face validity was established. The OT-RiPT and a validated driver behaviour questionnaire were administered and the results correlated to establish discriminant validity. Results: There was no significant correlation between driving experience and OT-RiPT scores. Good internal c...
SAGE Open
Drawing on social exchange theory and stakeholder responses to corporate social responsibility mo... more Drawing on social exchange theory and stakeholder responses to corporate social responsibility model, this study aimed to examine if the cross-level impacts of perceived investment in green employee development climate (PIGED) on environmental commitment (EC) and green well-being (GWB) were mediated by green person-job fit and green growth need strength. We collected a total of 412 employees and 80 operating units from a leading palm-oil company in Malaysia. The multilevel regression analysis found the cross-level effects of PIGED on EC and GWB that were partially mediated by green person-job fit and green growth need strength. Due to incomplete understanding of more dynamic relationships at the cross-level analysis, this study contributes a nuanced understanding of psychological mechanism of PIGED and its beneficial values for employees to develop quality of relationships between organizations and employees. Human resource professionals can leverage on PIGED across units at multipl...
This paper reports a study designed to examine the key concepts of TQM implementation and their e... more This paper reports a study designed to examine the key concepts of TQM implementation and their effects on organizational performance. Process Alignment and People Involvement are two key concepts for successful implementation of TQM. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how these two constructs affect organizational performance. The results provide useful insight into the organization that uses TQM as a organization development program.
2009 International Conference on Management and Service Science, 2009
Purpose-Despite the strong focus on virtues in firms, humility is little recognized in the manage... more Purpose-Despite the strong focus on virtues in firms, humility is little recognized in the management literature and, more particularly in the literature about knowledge sharing (KS). Despite efforts to foster KS among employees in firms, the effectiveness of this process narrows down to the dyadic relationship between the knowledge seeker and provider within firm. This paper aims to investigate the role of humility in the KS process in dyadic activity. Design/methodology/approach-The authors undertake an exploratory investigation to fill some of the gaps found in the literature. The paper draws insights from psychology, history, religion, current events and management literature. Findings-The authors identify several individual propensities that help predict humility towards sharing knowledge from seeker (humble knowledge-inquiry) and provider perspectives (humble response). They propose a new conceptual process model of KS with humility as an important variable to consider. This work highlights several promising directions for future research. Originality/value-As per the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper that investigates the role of humility in knowledge sharing from dyadic perspective. The authors also introduce concepts of humble knowledge inquiry and humble response in a dyadic context for effective knowledge sharing process.
Small Group Research
This study uses a social construction perspective to examine how group affective tone develops. L... more This study uses a social construction perspective to examine how group affective tone develops. Longitudinal data were collected over 18 weeks from the weekly diaries of four teams with 24 university students. Narrative analysis revealed experiences of collectively shared patterns of affective states and the interaction contexts (i.e., affective events) that influenced group affective tone convergence. Emergent themes included topic selection, social support, and how effective team norms help members share positive emotions and moods. Social learning, positive emotional sharing, affective events, and behavioral regularities drive the narratives, leading to the emergence of a positive team affective tone.
Management Science Letters, 2021
This research determines to evaluate the level of implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) and... more This research determines to evaluate the level of implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) and examine the relationship between dimensions of TQM and Quality performance in the accredited Jordanian Private Hospitals. The study used a survey questionnaire as the main data collection. The total respondents used were 330, where 140 respondents were from five Private Jordanian Hospitals, resulting in a 42.4% response rate. The confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and multiple linear regression were used to study data analyses. The results revealed that the level of TQM implementation in Private Jordanian Hospitals was high. Besides, a significant was found between TQM dimensions with quality performance. The study found that leadership commitment and Support to Quality, strategic quality planning, information and data, training and participation, customer focus, and continuous improvement have been found to have significant impacts on quality performance. This study can raise the attentiveness of the important strategy of TQM, which could help Hospitals managers have an enhanced understanding of the benefits of practicing TQM and therefore enable Quality Performance within their Hospitals.
Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 2017
This study examined the mediating effects of organizational politics on the relationships between... more This study examined the mediating effects of organizational politics on the relationships between ethical work climate and two employee outcomes: affective commitment and proactive customer service performance. Using 200 survey responses collected from six shopping malls, we found that perceived ethical work climate had a direct effect on employee perceptions of organizational politics, affective commitment and proactive customer service performance. Moreover, perceived organizational politics partially mediated the relationship between ethical climate and affective commitment, but not that between ethical climate and proactive customer service behavior. We recommend retailers develop ethical climate to strengthen their competitive advantage.
Human Resource Development International, 2016
Based on person-organization fit theory, this article moves beyond theories of motivation and soc... more Based on person-organization fit theory, this article moves beyond theories of motivation and social exchange relationships that have often been used in commitment literature. This article contributes to understanding perceptions of organizational culture (OC) and affective commitment (AC) through perceptions of a learning organization (LO). Such understanding helps to tackle current commitment issues in Malaysia through strategic human resources development (HRD) planning and deploying organization development activities. We examined: (a) the extent to which organizations with an embraced LO mediated OC and AC, (b) the most influential component of OC in promoting employee AC, and (c) the most important component of LO for influencing OC and AC. We obtained 516 respondents (64.5% response rate) in selected Malaysian private organizations. It was concluded that LO mediated the relationship between OC and AC. Respect for people was an influential factor of OC for AC, while empowerment played a significant role in LO culture mediating the relationship between OC and AC. HRD practitioners should strategically plan organizational activities, norms, and policies that promote organizational learning processes and a learning culture to enhance AC.
Personnel Review, 2016
Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to determine if self-rated and peer-rated organizational ci... more Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to determine if self-rated and peer-rated organizational citizenship behavior mediated the relationship between affective commitment and intention to leave in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approach– A survey yielded 516 responses from multiple locations in Malaysia across varied industries for a response rate of 64.5 percent. Validity based on confirmatory factor analysis and reliability were confirmed.Findings– Affective commitment influenced self- and peer-rated organizational citizenship behavior and intention to leave. Only self-rated organizational citizenship behavior partially mediated affective commitment and intention to leave. While self-rated organizational citizenship behavior increased intention to leave positively, peer-rated organizational citizenship behavior did not influence intention to leave.Practical implications– The findings confirm earlier research that self-ratings and peer-ratings are different, and, surprisingly, organiz...
Knowledge management is an integral business function for many organizations to manage intellectu... more Knowledge management is an integral business function for many organizations to manage intellectual resources effectively. From a resource-based perspective, organizational learning and TQM are antecedents that are closely related to KM. The purposes of this study were to explain the contents of KM, and explore the relationship between KM-related concepts. Three propositions and one KM-related conceptual model were developed. This paper concludes with a discussion of how organizational learning and TQM contribute to KM. (Contains 1 figure.)
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2015
To validate the psychometric properties and efficiency of the Balance Computerized Adaptive Testi... more To validate the psychometric properties and efficiency of the Balance Computerized Adaptive Testing (Balance CAT) when applied to residents in long-term care (LTC) facilities. A cohort study was conducted in central Taiwan. The Balance CAT, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Barthel Index (BI) were administered to each participant with the ability to follow simple instructions by a trained rater in two days. The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to determine the concurrent validity of the Balance CAT. ANOVA and post hoc analysis were employed to investigate the discriminative ability of the Balance CAT. The paired t test was used to validate the efficiency. A total of 120 participants completed assessments of the Balance CAT, the BBS, and the Barthel Index (BI). The Pearson's r between the scores of the Balance CAT and the BBS was 0.90. Groups with different levels of dependence had significantly different mean scores of the Balance CAT. The mean IRT reliability of the Balance CAT scores was 0.93. The mean administration time of the Balance CAT was about 28% of that of the BBS, and the mean number of items used in the Balance CAT was 3.4. The Balance CAT had excellent concurrent and discriminative validity, reliability, and efficiency in residents of LTC facilities. These results indicate that the Balance CAT is a sound and practical measure for assessing the balance function of residents of LTC facilities.
2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science, 2011
the purpose of this study was to probe how Appreciative Inquiry (AI) thinking training affects in... more the purpose of this study was to probe how Appreciative Inquiry (AI) thinking training affects individual's performance in virtual environment. Sixty eight students of a university in Taiwan participated in the study. Thirty four of them received six hours of training courses. The remaining subjects serve as the control. All subjects were administrated the Emotion index before and after the AI thinking training. We adopted ideas number, and project rating of individual performance in virtual team. Exclude the disturbance of positive and negative emotion, the ideas number and project rating in AI thinking training are higher than in the other. It also showed that AI thinking training is effective to the training of creativity in the virtual environment.
Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 2010
Many organisations are facing competitive challenges due to the rapid pace of technological chang... more Many organisations are facing competitive challenges due to the rapid pace of technological change. Management theorists and practitioners alike have called for more creativity and innovation in product lines, management practices and production processes. However, total quality management (TQM) has long been a major management practice. Knowledge management (KM) initiatives have gained popularity in organisations recently. In addition, innovation has
Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 2012
In today's highly competitive and rapidly changing business environment, organisational learn... more In today's highly competitive and rapidly changing business environment, organisational learning can ensure an enterprise's survival and develop new opportunities. However, considering the different resources and capabilities available to an organisation, what kind of organisational learning style should an enterprise adopt to achieve its goal of organisational learning and innovation? This study aimed to determine the best learning styles and innovation performance under different contingencies. This study thus developed eight relevant hypotheses and then conducted an empirical study involving the top managers of 650 manufacturing companies listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation and the Over The Counter Market in Taiwan. The result of the path analysis of 154 valid samples indicated that the learning styles required for both incremental and radical innovation are substantially different between the four distinct contingencies when combining internal capacity and external relationships.
Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 2007
ABSTRACT Increasing numbers of organizations are responding to competitive challenges by improvin... more ABSTRACT Increasing numbers of organizations are responding to competitive challenges by improving their core competencies. This study examines the adeptness of organizations in managing core processes related to organizational process alignment, and particularly their potential to generate superior performance using the dynamic capability approach. This study contends that organizational performance results primarily from organizational process alignment. A questionnaire survey was conducted to test three hypothesizes. The findings demonstrate that although organizational process alignment positively affected organizational performance in this study, its influence was mediated by organizational dynamic capability. The data also demonstrate that the proposed structural equation model has marginal fit. The implications of this study for research and management practice are provided. The limitations of the study are highlighted and future research directions are suggested.
Quality & Quantity, 2012
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the reflection of lived experience as a way to understand the me... more ABSTRACT This article focuses on the reflection of lived experience as a way to understand the meaning and essence of lived experience in phenomenological research. The importance of reflection as a key learning tool in professional research development is emphasized. We argue that good reflection should result in the interviewee, the researcher, and the reader sharing a common experience as to the meaning of a certain lived experience. Therefore, the role of a researcher is likened to a bridge on which the reader travels into the interviewee’s living world. To achieve this, we argue that reflection must be rational and objective. To explain how to achieve the rationality and objectivity of reflection, we have divided the paper into two parts. First, we provide a briefly explain reflection on lived experience. Then we discuss the importance of rationality and objectivity in reflection and how to achieve and present them in research.
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Papers by Bella Ya-Hui Lien