Martin Dorahy

University of Canterbury/Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Psychology, Department Member

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Address: Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand

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Harvard University

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Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

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Università di Bologna

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Brown University

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Hungarian Academy of Sciences

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The University of Sheffield

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Université Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV)

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The Chinese University of Hong Kong

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Papers by Martin Dorahy

DSM-5's Posttraumatic Stress Disorder with Dissociative Symptoms: Challenges and Future Directions

by Martin Dorahy and Onno van der Hart

Journal of trauma & dissociation : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation (ISSD), 2015

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, formally recognizes a d... more The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, formally recognizes a dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; PTSD with dissociative symptoms). This nomenclative move will boost empirical and theoretical efforts to further understand the links between dissociation, trauma, and PTSD. This article examines the empirical literature showing that patients with PTSD can be divided into 2 different groups based on their neurobiology, psychological symptom profile, history of exposure to early relational trauma, and depersonalization/derealization symptoms. It then explores the conceptual and empirical challenges of conceiving 1 of these types as reflecting a "dissociative" type of PTSD. First, this classification is based on the presence of a limited subset of dissociative symptoms (i.e., depersonalization, derealization). This sets aside an array of positive and negative psychoform and somatoform dissociative symptoms that may be re...

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Psychology and psychiatry training

Irish journal of psychological medicine

... Page 2. Authors Christopher A. Lewis, Martin J. Dorahy, Heather Mills, Bridget O'Rawe, M... more

Dissociation versus alterations in consciousness: Related but different concepts

Depression and life satisfaction among Australian, Ghanaian, Nigerian, Northern Irish, and Swazi University Students

Author's Info: Christopher Alan Lewis, School of Psychology and Communication, University of... more

Relationship between trauma and dissociation

Dissociation: History of a concept

Child Abuse and Neglect in Complex Dissociative Disorder, Abuse-Related Chronic PTSD and Mixed Psychiatric Samples

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

Only a select number of studies have examined different forms of child maltreatment in complex di... more Only a select number of studies have examined different forms of child maltreatment in complex dissociative disorders in comparison to other groups. Few of these have used child abuse-related chronic PTSD and mixed psychiatric patients with maltreatment as comparison groups. This study examined child sexual, physical and emotional abuse, as well as physical and emotional neglect in dissociative disorder (DD; n = 39), chronic PTSD (C-PTSD; n = 13) and mixed psychiatric (MP; n = 21) samples, all with abuse and neglect histories. The predictive capacity of these different forms of maltreatment across the 3 groups were assessed for pathological dissociation, shame, guilt, relationship esteem, relationship anxiety, relationship depression and fear of relationships. All forms of maltreatment differentiated the DD from the MP group, while sexual abuse differentiated the DD sample from the C-PTSD group. Childhood sexual abuse was the only predictor of pathological dissociation. Emotional abuse predicted shame, guilt, relationship anxiety and fear of relationships. Emotional neglect predicted relationship anxiety and relationship depression. Physical neglect was associated with less relationship anxiety. Different forms of abuse and neglect are associated with different symptom clusters in psychiatric patients with maltreatment histories.

Dissociative identity disorder - Reply

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is highly effective for the treatment of refractory major depress... more Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is highly effective for the treatment of refractory major depression [1,2], but a high rate of relapse after discontinuation of ECT has been reported [3]. Although the effectiveness of nortriptyline and lithium combination has been reported for maintenance after ECT sessions, the relapse rate is still high, particularly during the first month of continuation therapy [4]. The development of more effective long-term relapse-prevention therapy is needed. We report here a case of refractory depression, where the addition of lithium to milnacipran after ECT sessions effectively maintained the improvements in depressive symptoms and no further ECT treatments were required.

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Trauma and Dissociation in Northern Ireland

Journal of Trauma Practice

ABSTRACT

Traumatic Dissociation: Neurobiology and Treatment

... Ursano, MD Carol S. Fullerton, Ph. D. David M. Benedek, MD Page 9. 10 11 12 13 14 15 Posttrau... more

The history of early trauma and abuse from the 1850s to the current time: How the past influences the present

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The concepts of dissociation and psychosis: An historical perspective (Revised, 2nd Edition)

Conceptual & Perceptual Priming in PTSD

Cognitive models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) assert that memory processes play a sign... more Cognitive models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) assert that memory processes play a significant role in PTSD (see e.g., . Intrusive reexperiencing in PTSD has been linked to perceptual processing of trauma-related material with a corresponding hypothesized lack of conceptual processing. In an experimental study that included clinical participants with and without PTSD (N ϭ 50), perceptual priming and conceptual priming for trauma-related, general threat, and neutral words were investigated in a population with chronic trauma-induced complaints as a result of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. The study used a new version of the word-stem completion task ) and a word-cue association task. It also assessed the role of dissociation in threat processing. Further evidence of enhanced perceptual priming in PTSD for trauma stimuli was found, along with evidence of lack of conceptual priming for such stimuli. Furthermore, this pattern of priming for trauma-related words was associated with PTSD severity, and state dissociation and PTSD group made significant contributions to predicting perceptual priming for trauma words. The findings shed light on the importance of state dissociation in trauma-related information processing and posttraumatic symptoms.

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Child Abuse and Neglect in Complex Dissociative Disorder, Abuse-Related Chronic PTSD and Mixed Psychiatric Samples

Journal of trauma & dissociation : the official journal of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation (ISSD), Jan 14, 2015

Alienation Appraisals Distinguish Adults Diagnosed With DID From PTSD

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 2015

Studies are beginning to show the importance of appraisals to different types and severities of p... more Studies are beginning to show the importance of appraisals to different types and severities of psychiatric disorders. Yet, little work in this area has assessed whether trauma-related appraisals can differentiate complex trauma-related disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative identity disorder (DID). The current study evaluated whether any of 6 trauma-related appraisals distinguished adults diagnosed with DID from those diagnosed with PTSD. To accomplish this, we first examined the basic psychometric properties of a Dutch-translated short-form of the Trauma Appraisals Questionnaire (TAQ) in healthy control (n ϭ 57), PTSD (n ϭ 27) and DID (n ϭ 12) samples. The short-form Dutch translation of the TAQ showed good internal reliability and criterion-related validity for all 6 subscales (betrayal, self-blame, fear, alienation, shame, anger). Of the 6 subscales, the alienation appraisal subscale specifically differentiated DID from PTSD, with the former group reporting more alienation. Abuserelated appraisals that emphasize disconnection from self and others may contribute to reported problems of memory and identity common in DID. The current findings suggest that addressing experiences of alienation may be particularly important in treatment for clients diagnosed with DID.

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Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Police Staff 12-18 Months After the Canterbury Earthquakes

Journal of traumatic stress, Jan 2, 2015

Understanding posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in police first-responders is an unde... more Understanding posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in police first-responders is an underdeveloped field. Using a cross-sectional survey, this study investigated demographic and occupational characteristics, coping resources and processes, along with first-responder roles and consequences 18 months following a disaster. Hierarchical linear regression (N = 576) showed that greater symptom levels were significantly positively associated with negative emotional coping (β = .31), a communications role (β = .08) and distress following exposure to resource losses (β = .14), grotesque scenes (β = .21), personal harm (β = .14), and concern for significant others (β = .17). Optimism alone was negatively associated (β = -.15), with the overall model being a modest fit (adjusted R(2) = .39). The findings highlight variables for further study in police.

Child abuse and the dynamics of silence

by Alfonso Martínez-taboas, Roberto Lewis-fernández, Pam A Stavropoulos, Christa Krüger, and Martin Dorahy

The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, Jan 29, 2014

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Evidence of different cognitive functioning in DID when tested in neutral and anxiety-provoking contexts

PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2002

Dissociative identity disorder: An empirical overview

by Pam A Stavropoulos, Martin Dorahy, Christa Krüger, Alfonso Martínez-taboas, and Roberto Lewis-fernández

The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 2014

Despite its long and auspicious place in the history of psychiatry, dissociative identity disorde... more Despite its long and auspicious place in the history of psychiatry, dissociative identity disorder (DID) has been associated with controversy. This paper aims to examine the empirical data related to DID and outline the contextual challenges to its scientific investigation. The overview is limited to DID-specific research in which one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) a sample of participants with DID was systematically investigated, (ii) psychometrically-sound measures were utilised, (iii) comparisons were made with other samples, (iv) DID was differentiated from other disorders, including other dissociative disorders, (v) extraneous variables were controlled or (vi) DID diagnosis was confirmed. Following an examination of challenges to research, data are organised around the validity and phenomenology of DID, its aetiology and epidemiology, the neurobiological and cognitive correlates of the disorder, and finally its treatment. DID was found to be a complex yet vali...

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Dissociation, perceptual processing, and conceptual processing in survivors of the 2011 Christchurch earthquake

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 2014

ABSTRACT Hooper, A. L., Dorahy, M. J., Blampied, N. M., &amp; Jordan, J. (2014, August 18). D... more