Papers by Shankhabela Mukherjee
International journal of Indian Psychology , 2024
On 23rd March, 2020 the Indian government imposed a nationwide lockdown in response to the SARS-C... more On 23rd March, 2020 the Indian government imposed a nationwide lockdown in response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. With this nationwide lockdown, the entire education system shifted online. There have been many changes in the education of children throughout the country and schoolchildren have been affected by this sudden shift in the mode of education. Special education is a specially designed education system for children who are differentsocially, mentally, or physically, as compared to the average population. The children availing special education have also been affected by this change to the 'new normal' for over 2 years. Several studies have been conducted so far to explore the problems and challenges faced by these children. However, the present study aims to understand this issue from a different lens; that of special educators. This study thus aims to understand the benefits and challenges of special education during the pandemic and the strategies the educators came up with during this tumultuous time. The First Chapter of the study is devoted to understanding and explaining the concepts of special education and the Covid-19 pandemic. The scope of the present study has also been discussed. The Second Chapter is dedicated to the review of all relevant literature where studies from all over the world on special education during the pandemic have been explored. The Third Chapter states the methodology of the study. This chapter explains the objectives, the sample, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the sampling technique, the tools, and the procedure for data collection along with the method of data analysis. The Fourth Chapter presents the results of the study in the form of graphs. The Fifth Chapter is made up of the discussion. This chapter includes the applicability of the study along with the limitations and also suggestions for future studies and research.
Manual of the Smartphone Use Scale
This paper is an update and revision of the paper published The aim of this study was to develop ... more This paper is an update and revision of the paper published The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale that could measure smartphone overuse. In addition, the reliability and validity of the Smartphone Use Scale (SUS) was demonstrated. A set of 30 questions pertaining to smartphone use were developed with the help of experts. A total of 372 participants were selected to accomplish a set of questionnaires-Smartphone Use Scale
International Journal of Indian Psychology , 2024
The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale to assess attitude toward Artific... more The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale to assess attitude toward Artificial Intelligence (AI). Inter-rater reliability, Cronbach's Alpha reliability and Construct validity of the Scale for Attitude Toward Artificial Intelligence have been demonstrated. After a preliminary survey on 342 undergraduate students from Kolkata, a set of 30 questions pertaining to attitude toward AI were finalised with the help of experts. Inter-rater reliability (Fliess Multirater Kappa) was calculated to be 0.438. The final scale was administered to a total of 526 undergraduate students from Kolkata. The sample comprised 183 male and 343 female students, with ages ranging from 18-23. Cronbach's alpha was found to be 0.832. Construct Validity was established as 0.679 through Exploratory Factor Analysis. Mean score for the total sample was 96.55 and S.D. was 13.66. For the male sample the mean score and S.D. were found to be 97.05 and 14.6 respectively. For the female sample, the values were 96.27 and 13.16 respectively. Higher mean values indicate more positive attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence.
International journal of Indian Psychology , 2024
The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale to assess attitude toward Artific... more The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale to assess attitude toward Artificial Intelligence (AI). Inter-rater reliability, Cronbach's Alpha reliability and Construct validity of the Scale for Attitude Toward Artificial Intelligence have been demonstrated. After a preliminary survey on 342 undergraduate students from Kolkata, a set of 30 questions pertaining to attitude toward AI were finalised with the help of experts. Inter-rater reliability (Fliess Multirater Kappa) was calculated to be 0.438. The final scale was administered to a total of 526 undergraduate students from Kolkata. The sample comprised 183 male and 343 female students, with ages ranging from 18-23. Cronbach's alpha was found to be 0.832. Construct Validity was established as 0.679 through Exploratory Factor Analysis. Mean score for the total sample was 96.55 and S.D. was 13.66. For the male sample the mean score and S.D. were found to be 97.05 and 14.6 respectively. For the female sample, the values were 96.27 and 13.16 respectively. Higher mean values indicate more positive attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence.
International Journal of Indian Psychology , 2024
The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale to assess attitude toward Artific... more The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale to assess attitude toward Artificial Intelligence (AI). Inter-rater reliability, Cronbach's Alpha reliability and Construct validity of the Scale for Attitude Toward Artificial Intelligence have been demonstrated. After a preliminary survey on 342 undergraduate students from Kolkata, a set of 30 questions pertaining to attitude toward AI were finalised with the help of experts. Inter-rater reliability (Fliess Multirater Kappa) was calculated to be 0.438. The final scale was administered to a total of 526 undergraduate students from Kolkata. The sample comprised 183 male and 343 female students, with ages ranging from 18-23. Cronbach's alpha was found to be 0.832. Construct Validity was established as 0.679 through Exploratory Factor Analysis. Mean score for the total sample was 96.55 and S.D. was 13.66. For the male sample the mean score and S.D. were found to be 97.05 and 14.6 respectively. For the female sample, the values were 96.27 and 13.16 respectively. Higher mean values indicate more positive attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence.
The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale to assess attitude toward Artific... more The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale to assess attitude toward Artificial Intelligence (AI). Inter-rater reliability, Cronbach's Alpha reliability and Construct validity of the Scale for Attitude Toward Artificial Intelligence have been demonstrated. After a preliminary survey on 342 undergraduate students from Kolkata, a set of 30 questions pertaining to attitude toward AI were finalised with the help of experts. Inter-rater reliability (Fliess Multirater Kappa) was calculated to be 0.438. The final scale was administered to a total of 526 undergraduate students from Kolkata. The sample comprised 183 male and 343 female students, with ages ranging from 18-23. Cronbach's alpha was found to be 0.832. Construct Validity was established as 0.679 through Exploratory Factor Analysis. Mean score for the total sample was 96.55 and S.D. was 13.66. For the male sample the mean score and S.D. were found to be 97.05 and 14.6 respectively. For the female sample, the values were 96.27 and 13.16 respectively. Higher mean values indicate more positive attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence.
Education India , 2022
The present study aimed to assess the relationship between gender role identity, attitudes toward... more The present study aimed to assess the relationship between gender role identity, attitudes toward women, and sexism in male and female teacher-educators. The Indian Gender Role Identity Scale (Basu, 2010), Attitudes Toward Women Scale (Glick & Fiske, 1996), and Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (Spence &Helmreich, 1978) were administered to 64 teacher-educators (25 male and 39 female) from West Bengal. Mean, standard deviation, and difference between groups (using Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test) were computed. The results revealed that gender role identity (sex-typed, cross-sex-typed, androgenous, and undifferentiated) of the teacher-educators was related to a significant difference in their attitudes toward women.There was also found to be a significant difference in level of sexism present between masculine and feminine teacher-educators irrespective of biological sex. The sexism present in male and female teacher-educators was more of benevolent sexism than hostile sexism. Biological sex did not account for any significant difference in attitudes toward women or sexism present in teacher-educators.
The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale that could measure smartphone use... more The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale that could measure smartphone use. In addition, the reliability and validity of the Smartphone Use Scale (SUS) was demonstrated. A set of 30 questions pertaining to smartphone use were developed with the help of experts. A total of 372 participants were selected to accomplish a set of questionnaires –Smartphone Use Scale (SUS) and Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) (Kwon, Lee, Won, Park, & Min, 2013). The sample comprised 182 males and 190 females, with ages ranging from 16 to 22. Internal-consistency test and correlation analysis were conducted to verify the reliability and validity of SUS. Reliability and concurrent validity of the test were computed. Cronbach’s alpha was found to be 0.712. Concurrent validity using the SAS was found to be 0.76. The study shows that 13.72% males and 14.28% females fall under the “high smartphone use” category, 63.72% males and 63.47% females were found to be under the “average smartphon...
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus, SARS-... more Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus, SARS-CoV-2 which affected the world starting in China in December 2019. Due to its highly contagious nature, the Indian government imposed a nation-wide lockdown effective from 23rd March 2020 12AM till the 31st of May, while many educational and other institutions had been closed down since the 15th of March itself. Such is the situation in most countries all over the world as well. People being forced to live under lockdown to protect their physical well-being, as a consequence, was predicted to have a psychological impact on them. Thus, the aim of this paper was to measure and assess the psychological aspects of living under lockdown. The study was done during the period of complete lockdown imposed by the government itself. In this descriptive study, the levels of depression, anxiety and loneliness were measured in the participants, i.e. adults above 18 years of age residing in India duri...
International journal of Indian Psychology , 2020
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus, SARS-... more Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus, SARS-CoV-2 which affected the world starting in China in December 2019. Due to its highly contagious nature, the Indian government imposed a nationwide lockdown effective from 23rd March 2020 12AM till the 31st of May, while many educational and other institutions had been closed down since the 15th of March itself. Such is the situation in most countries all over the world as well. People being forced to live under lockdown to protect their physical well-being, as a consequence, was predicted to have a psychological impact on them. Thus, the aim of this paper was to measure and assess the psychological aspects of living under lockdown. The study was done during the period of complete lockdown imposed by the government itself. In this descriptive study, the levels of depression, anxiety and loneliness were measured in the participants, i.e. adults above 18 years of age residing in India during the imposition of the lockdown, using an online survey, through Beck's Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and UCLA Inventory of Loneliness, respectively. Anxiety, loneliness as well as depressive symptoms were reported most commonly by females between the age of 18 to 25. Use of social media was seen to raise the amount of depression and loneliness, while being married and living with a greater number of people during the lockdown period substantially reduced its negative psychological effects.
International Journal of Indian Psychology , 2020
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus, SARS-... more Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered virus, SARS-CoV-2 which affected the world starting in China in December 2019. Due to its highly contagious nature, the Indian government imposed a nationwide lockdown effective from 23rd March 2020 12AM till the 31st of May, while many educational and other institutions had been closed down since the 15th of March itself. Such is the situation in most countries all over the world as well. People being forced to live under lockdown to protect their physical well-being, as a consequence, was predicted to have a psychological impact on them. Thus, the aim of this paper was to measure and assess the psychological aspects of living under lockdown. The study was done during the period of complete lockdown imposed by the government itself. In this descriptive study, the levels of depression, anxiety and loneliness were measured in the participants, i.e. adults above 18 years of age residing in India during the imposition of the lockdown, using an online survey, through Beck's Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and UCLA Inventory of Loneliness, respectively. Anxiety, loneliness as well as depressive symptoms were reported most commonly by females between the age of 18 to 25. Use of social media was seen to raise the amount of depression and loneliness, while being married and living with a greater number of people during the lockdown period substantially reduced its negative psychological effects.
International Journal of Indian Psychology, 2020
The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale that could measure smartphone use... more The aim of this study was to develop a self-administering scale that could measure smartphone use. In addition, the reliability and validity of the Smartphone Use Scale (SUS) was demonstrated. A set of 30 questions pertaining to smartphone use were developed with the help of experts. A total of 372 participants were selected to accomplish a set of questionnaires –Smartphone Use Scale (SUS) and Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) (Kwon, Lee, Won, Park, & Min, 2013). The sample comprised 182 males and 190 females, with ages ranging from 16 to 22. Internal-consistency test and correlation analysis were conducted to verify the reliability and validity of SUS. Reliability and concurrent validity of the test were computed. Cronbach's alpha was found to be 0.712. Concurrent validity using the SAS was found to be 0.76. The study shows that 13.72% males and 14.28% females fall under the “high smartphone use” category, 63.72% males and 63.47% females were found to be under the “average smartphone use category, and 22.54% males and 21.73% females were found to be under the “low smartphone use” category.
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Papers by Shankhabela Mukherjee