PubMed, ISI, LILACS, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were searched. Epidemiological studies... more PubMed, ISI, LILACS, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were searched. Epidemiological studies (cross-sectional, case-control, cohort clinical trials) addressing possible associations between socioeconomic indicators (eg mother's schooling, household income, number of children, type of school) and traumatic dental injury in the primary dentition were considered. Two reviewers independently selected studies. with study quality being assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data were extracted for categorical variables considered risk factors for TDI and recorded based on the distribution and frequency of TDI among children exposed to risk factors vs the frequency among children not exposed to risk factors. Meta-analysis was undertaken. Sixteen studies (15 cross-sectional studies and one cohort study) were included. A wide range of socioeconomic indicators were investigated including; parents' schooling, parents' employment status, home ownership, having changed address in the previous year, income, family structure, number of residents in the home, number of children in the family, type of school and socioeconomic status. Children from families with household income less than two times average salary (US$ 592) (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66-0.90) or more than three times the average salary (US$ 888) (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.65-0.89) had a significantly lower chance of having TDI in the primary dentition. TDI was not associated with socioeconomic status (high vs low - OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.43-1.36; high vs medium - OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.72-1.48; medium vs low - OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.42-1.19), house ownership (owned vs rented - OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.98-1.66), mother's schooling (OR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.74-1.08), or father's schooling (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.62-2.74). The scientific evidence demonstrates that socioeconomic indicators are not associated with TDI in the primary dentition. The evidence of an association between a low income and TDI is weak. In general, studies had low risk of bias. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm this association.
DesignRandomised controlled trial.InterventionChildren with at least two sound permanent first mo... more DesignRandomised controlled trial.InterventionChildren with at least two sound permanent first molars and the presence of at least one sound distal surface of adjacent second primary molar were eligible. Children were randomised into three groups. In group one first permanent molars were sealed with a high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC group; n = 926), group two received a resin-based fluoride containing sealant (RBF group; n = 923) and group three a resin-based sealant without fluoride (RB group; n = 927). Two examiners blind to group allocation conducted examinations at 30 months. Sealant retention and caries at D1-D3 levels was assessed. Bitewing radiographs were taken.Outcome measureCaries prevalence and incidence rate ratios were calculated.ResultsTwo thousand seven hundred and seventy-six children were enrolled; the number of dropouts were similar in each group (GIC group; n = 75), (RBF group; n = 67), (RB group; n = 77). The prevalence of affected surfaces was significa...
CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS and BBO databases, the Brazilian database of the... more CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS and BBO databases, the Brazilian database of thesis and dissertations (Banco de Teses CAPES), a Brazilian register of ethically approved projects involving human beings (SISNEP) and two registers of ongoing trials (Current Controlled Trials and Clinical-Trials.gov). Reference lists were also scanned for relevant papers. Study authors were contacted for additional information. Individual or cluster-randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials conducted in children under seven were included. Study selection and data abstraction were conducted by two reviewers independently. Risk of bias assessment was undertaken using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Meta-analyses of prevented fractions (PF) were performed to assess the effect of fluoride toothpaste on the dmft and dmfs. Meta-analyses were also performed to obtain a pooled relative risk (RR) to assess the effect of fluoride toothpastes on the proportion of children developing caries. Eight studies were included. When standard F toothpastes were compared to placebo or no intervention, significant caries reduction at surface (PF = 31%; 95% CI 18-43; 2644 participants in five studies), tooth (PF = 16%; 95% CI 8-25; 2555 participants in one study) and individual (RR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.81-0.93; 2806 participants in two studies) level were observed. Low F toothpastes were effective only at surface level (PF = 40%; 95% CI 5-75; 561 participants in two studies). Standard F toothpastes are effective in reducing dental caries in the primary teeth of preschool children and thus their use should be recommended to this age group.
Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology, 2011
Objective. The objective of this study was to compare the shaping ability of manual H-files, rota... more Objective. The objective of this study was to compare the shaping ability of manual H-files, rotary nickel-titanium ProTaper system, and reciprocating SafeSiders in long oval-shaped root canals. Study design. The roots of 45 human premolars were sectioned at 2 levels in the middle third and reassembled using a 3-piece metal mold. Pre-and postinstrumentation cross-sectional images were superimposed and evaluated in terms of change in buccolingual-to-mesiodistal canal ratio, maximum buccolingual and mesiodistal canal dimensions, and cross-sectional areas. Ratios of touched canal wall and canal outline with more than 200 m dentin removal to the original canal perimeter were also calculated.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prior calcium hydroxide (Ca ... more Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prior calcium hydroxide (Ca [OH] 2 ) intracanal placement on the bond strength of AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), iRoot SP (Innovative Bioceramix, Vancouver, BC, Canada), and MTA Fillapex (Angelus Soluções Odontol ogicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil). Methods: The root canals of 90 human incisor teeth were prepared with the ProTaper System (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) up to a master apical file size of F5. Canals were filled using the single-cone technique either immediately (the control group, n = 30) or after a 7-day Ca(OH) 2 placement. Ca(OH) 2 removal was performed either manually using F5 with distilled water irrigation (the Ca[OH] 2 group, n = 30) or manually using Protaper F5 followed by passive ultrasonic irrigation with 2.5 % NaOCl with a final flush of 17 % EDTA and then distilled water (the PUI group, n = 30). After obturation, a 2-mm-thick middle section of each root was then subjected to push-out testing. Results: Using 1-way analysis of variance, AH Plus showed a higher bond strength than iRoot SP and MTA Fillapex in the control group (P < .05). With prior Ca(OH) 2 placement, AH Plus and iRoot SP showed a similar bond strength (P > .05), which was higher than MTA Fillapex (P < .05). Conclusions: Prior Ca(OH) 2 placement seemed to improve the dislodgment resistance of iRoot SP but did not affect AH Plus and MTA Fillapex. (J Endod 2012;38:696-699)
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of acidic environment on the dislod... more Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of acidic environment on the dislodgement resistance of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Bioaggregate (Innovative BioCeramix, Vancouver, Canada) when used as perforation repair materials. Methods: Eighty, human, mandibular molars were used. Perforations were made in the furcation of each molar and enlarged to #4 Pesso drills. After perforation repair, specimens of each material were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to storage media and time: group A: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH = 7.4) for 4 days, group B: acetic acid (pH = 5.4) for 4 days, group C: PBS for 34 days, and group D: acetic acid (pH = 5.4) for 4 days followed by exposure to PBS for 30 days. Dislodgment resistance was then measured using a universal testing machine, and then the specimens were vertically split to examine the perforated dentin wall using scanning electron microscopy. Results: MTA resisted dislodgement more efficiently than BA after 4 days in PBS (P < .05). The dislodgment resistance of MTA was significantly reduced (P < .05) after exposure to acetic acid, whereas BA was not affected (P > .05). There was an increase in the dislodgment resistance with the increase in the storage time to 34 days (P < .01). After 34 days, there was a statistically significant difference among groups; the MTA D group had significantly the highest bond strength, and the BA D group D had the lowest (P < .05). Conclusions: MTA is more influenced by acidic pH than BA. Storage for 30 days in PBS can reverse the affected bond of MTA by the acidic environment. (J Endod 2012;38:245-249)
PubMed, ISI, LILACS, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were searched. Epidemiological studies... more PubMed, ISI, LILACS, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were searched. Epidemiological studies (cross-sectional, case-control, cohort clinical trials) addressing possible associations between socioeconomic indicators (eg mother&#39;s schooling, household income, number of children, type of school) and traumatic dental injury in the primary dentition were considered. Two reviewers independently selected studies. with study quality being assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data were extracted for categorical variables considered risk factors for TDI and recorded based on the distribution and frequency of TDI among children exposed to risk factors vs the frequency among children not exposed to risk factors. Meta-analysis was undertaken. Sixteen studies (15 cross-sectional studies and one cohort study) were included. A wide range of socioeconomic indicators were investigated including; parents&#39; schooling, parents&#39; employment status, home ownership, having changed address in the previous year, income, family structure, number of residents in the home, number of children in the family, type of school and socioeconomic status. Children from families with household income less than two times average salary (US$ 592) (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66-0.90) or more than three times the average salary (US$ 888) (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.65-0.89) had a significantly lower chance of having TDI in the primary dentition. TDI was not associated with socioeconomic status (high vs low - OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.43-1.36; high vs medium - OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.72-1.48; medium vs low - OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.42-1.19), house ownership (owned vs rented - OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.98-1.66), mother&#39;s schooling (OR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.74-1.08), or father&#39;s schooling (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.62-2.74). The scientific evidence demonstrates that socioeconomic indicators are not associated with TDI in the primary dentition. The evidence of an association between a low income and TDI is weak. In general, studies had low risk of bias. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm this association.
DesignRandomised controlled trial.InterventionChildren with at least two sound permanent first mo... more DesignRandomised controlled trial.InterventionChildren with at least two sound permanent first molars and the presence of at least one sound distal surface of adjacent second primary molar were eligible. Children were randomised into three groups. In group one first permanent molars were sealed with a high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC group; n = 926), group two received a resin-based fluoride containing sealant (RBF group; n = 923) and group three a resin-based sealant without fluoride (RB group; n = 927). Two examiners blind to group allocation conducted examinations at 30 months. Sealant retention and caries at D1-D3 levels was assessed. Bitewing radiographs were taken.Outcome measureCaries prevalence and incidence rate ratios were calculated.ResultsTwo thousand seven hundred and seventy-six children were enrolled; the number of dropouts were similar in each group (GIC group; n = 75), (RBF group; n = 67), (RB group; n = 77). The prevalence of affected surfaces was significa...
CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS and BBO databases, the Brazilian database of the... more CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS and BBO databases, the Brazilian database of thesis and dissertations (Banco de Teses CAPES), a Brazilian register of ethically approved projects involving human beings (SISNEP) and two registers of ongoing trials (Current Controlled Trials and Clinical-Trials.gov). Reference lists were also scanned for relevant papers. Study authors were contacted for additional information. Individual or cluster-randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials conducted in children under seven were included. Study selection and data abstraction were conducted by two reviewers independently. Risk of bias assessment was undertaken using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Meta-analyses of prevented fractions (PF) were performed to assess the effect of fluoride toothpaste on the dmft and dmfs. Meta-analyses were also performed to obtain a pooled relative risk (RR) to assess the effect of fluoride toothpastes on the proportion of children developing caries. Eight studies were included. When standard F toothpastes were compared to placebo or no intervention, significant caries reduction at surface (PF = 31%; 95% CI 18-43; 2644 participants in five studies), tooth (PF = 16%; 95% CI 8-25; 2555 participants in one study) and individual (RR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.81-0.93; 2806 participants in two studies) level were observed. Low F toothpastes were effective only at surface level (PF = 40%; 95% CI 5-75; 561 participants in two studies). Standard F toothpastes are effective in reducing dental caries in the primary teeth of preschool children and thus their use should be recommended to this age group.
Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology, 2011
Objective. The objective of this study was to compare the shaping ability of manual H-files, rota... more Objective. The objective of this study was to compare the shaping ability of manual H-files, rotary nickel-titanium ProTaper system, and reciprocating SafeSiders in long oval-shaped root canals. Study design. The roots of 45 human premolars were sectioned at 2 levels in the middle third and reassembled using a 3-piece metal mold. Pre-and postinstrumentation cross-sectional images were superimposed and evaluated in terms of change in buccolingual-to-mesiodistal canal ratio, maximum buccolingual and mesiodistal canal dimensions, and cross-sectional areas. Ratios of touched canal wall and canal outline with more than 200 m dentin removal to the original canal perimeter were also calculated.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prior calcium hydroxide (Ca ... more Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prior calcium hydroxide (Ca [OH] 2 ) intracanal placement on the bond strength of AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), iRoot SP (Innovative Bioceramix, Vancouver, BC, Canada), and MTA Fillapex (Angelus Soluções Odontol ogicas, Londrina, PR, Brazil). Methods: The root canals of 90 human incisor teeth were prepared with the ProTaper System (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) up to a master apical file size of F5. Canals were filled using the single-cone technique either immediately (the control group, n = 30) or after a 7-day Ca(OH) 2 placement. Ca(OH) 2 removal was performed either manually using F5 with distilled water irrigation (the Ca[OH] 2 group, n = 30) or manually using Protaper F5 followed by passive ultrasonic irrigation with 2.5 % NaOCl with a final flush of 17 % EDTA and then distilled water (the PUI group, n = 30). After obturation, a 2-mm-thick middle section of each root was then subjected to push-out testing. Results: Using 1-way analysis of variance, AH Plus showed a higher bond strength than iRoot SP and MTA Fillapex in the control group (P < .05). With prior Ca(OH) 2 placement, AH Plus and iRoot SP showed a similar bond strength (P > .05), which was higher than MTA Fillapex (P < .05). Conclusions: Prior Ca(OH) 2 placement seemed to improve the dislodgment resistance of iRoot SP but did not affect AH Plus and MTA Fillapex. (J Endod 2012;38:696-699)
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of acidic environment on the dislod... more Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of acidic environment on the dislodgement resistance of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Bioaggregate (Innovative BioCeramix, Vancouver, Canada) when used as perforation repair materials. Methods: Eighty, human, mandibular molars were used. Perforations were made in the furcation of each molar and enlarged to #4 Pesso drills. After perforation repair, specimens of each material were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to storage media and time: group A: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH = 7.4) for 4 days, group B: acetic acid (pH = 5.4) for 4 days, group C: PBS for 34 days, and group D: acetic acid (pH = 5.4) for 4 days followed by exposure to PBS for 30 days. Dislodgment resistance was then measured using a universal testing machine, and then the specimens were vertically split to examine the perforated dentin wall using scanning electron microscopy. Results: MTA resisted dislodgement more efficiently than BA after 4 days in PBS (P < .05). The dislodgment resistance of MTA was significantly reduced (P < .05) after exposure to acetic acid, whereas BA was not affected (P > .05). There was an increase in the dislodgment resistance with the increase in the storage time to 34 days (P < .01). After 34 days, there was a statistically significant difference among groups; the MTA D group had significantly the highest bond strength, and the BA D group D had the lowest (P < .05). Conclusions: MTA is more influenced by acidic pH than BA. Storage for 30 days in PBS can reverse the affected bond of MTA by the acidic environment. (J Endod 2012;38:245-249)
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