IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in... more This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in Tomoni Beringin Jaya Village, East Luwu, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Carbon stocks were estimated from aboveground and belowground biomass using an allometric methodology. Sample sites were cocoa plantations; sampling intensity was 30% of the land planted with cocoa for 5 years (n = 214), 10 years (n=229) and 15 years (n=329), soil sampling disturb (measure soil organic carbon), un disturb (measure bulk soil bulk density) and soil bulk density at depth 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 5 years (M45) was 1.89 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass was 0.56 ton C ha-1 with proportion 77.19%:22.81%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 10 year (BR25) was 3.66 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 1.01 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 78.37%:21.63%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at 15 year (BR25) was 4.58 ton C ha-1 and belowground bioma...
This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in... more This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in Tomoni Beringin Jaya Village, East Luwu, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Carbon stocks were estimated from aboveground and belowground biomass using an allometric methodology. Sample sites were cocoa plantations; sampling intensity was 30% of the land planted with cocoa for 5 years (n = 214), 10 years (n=229) and 15 years (n=329), soil sampling disturb (measure soil organic carbon), un disturb (measure bulk soil bulk density) and soil bulk density at depth 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 5 years (M45) was 1.89 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass was 0.56 ton C ha-1 with proportion 77.19%:22.81%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 10 year (BR25) was 3.66 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 1.01 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 78.37%:21.63%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at 15 year (BR25) was 4.58 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass of 1.21 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 79.07%:20.93%. Cocoa carbon stock at 5 year, 10 year, and 15 year respectively increased, nevertheless mean annual carbon stock cocoa decreased in 5 years cocoa aboveground biomass was 0.37 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.11 tonCa-1. Carbon stock cocoa 10 year aboveground biomass 0.36 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.10 ton C ha-1. Carbon stock cocoa 15 year aboveground biomass 0.30 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.08 ton C ha-1. Soil organic carbon showed dynamic under different year cocoa plantation. Soil organic carbon in cocoa plantation age 5 year was 0.031 tonCha-1, cocoa plantation age 10 year was 0.034 ton C ha-1, and cocoa plantation age 15 year was 0.043 ton C ha-1.
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020
Plants litter as soil organic matter turn over to soil by the decomposition process. Decompositio... more Plants litter as soil organic matter turn over to soil by the decomposition process. Decomposition is regulated by environmental factors, such as soil water content and pH. High water content (90%) and pH 6.2 increased CO 2 gas production rate, lowest water content (30%) and pH 4.9 increased NH 4 + N-mineralization into the soil as decomposition result. In this study, we investigated cacao leaf litter decomposition in soil. Cacao leaf litter was applied in a 100 mL polypropylene bottle with 70 g air-dried soil, but only the soil was applied as a control. For the litter-amended treatments, 2 g (oven-dry weight) with 2 mm sized cacao leaf litter was placed on the soil surface. The treatment with different soil moisture and pH regimes were soil moisture and pH of 30% and 4.9 (SLWC30i), 30% and 6.2 (SLWC306), 60% and 4.9 (SLWC60i), 60% and 6.2 (SLWC606), 90% and 4.9 (SLWC90i), 90% and 6.2 (SLWC906), respectively. All treatment was incubated at 25 • C under the dark condition for 28 days. Extractable NO 3-and NH 4 + concentration, and soil greenhouse gas (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O) were measured. Highest extractable NO 3-and NH 4 + concentration showed in SWC906 (30.7 mg N kg-1) and SLWC606 (87.1 mg N kg-1), respectively. Soil greenhouse gas production rate highest in water content 90% pH 6.2, CO 2 was 3.82 kg C period-1 , CH 4 was 0.0089 kg C period-1 , N 2 O was 0.016 kg N period-1 .
Proceeding Journal of Physics: Conference series, 2020
This study aims to determine cacao carbon stock based on the conditions of cacao farmers plantati... more This study aims to determine cacao carbon stock based on the conditions of cacao farmers plantation at Tomoni Beringin Jaya Village East Luwu South Sulawesi. Carbon stock estimated aboveground biomass and belowground biomass using allometric methodology, were carried out at cacao field farmer with sampling intensity 30% cacao field at 5 year (n = 214), 10 year (n=229) and 15 years (n=329), soil sampling disturb (measure soil organic carbon), un disturb (measure bulk soil bulk density) and soil bulk density at depth 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Carbon stock cacao aboveground biomass at the age of 5 years (M45) was 1.89 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass was 0.56 ton C ha-1 with proportion 77.19%:22.81%. Carbon stock cacao aboveground biomass at the age of 10 year (BR25) was 3.66 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 1.01 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 78.37%:21.63%. Carbon stock cacao aboveground biomass at 15 year (BR25) was 4.58 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass of 1.21 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 79.07%:20.93%. Cacao carbon stock at 5 year, 10 year, and 15 year respectively increased, nevertheless mean annual carbon stock cacao decreased in 5 years cacao aboveground biomass was 0.37 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.11 tonCa-1. Carbon stock cacao 10 year aboveground biomass 0.36 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.10 ton C ha-1. Carbon stock cacao 15 year aboveground biomass 0.30 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.08 ton C ha-1. Soil organic carbon showed dynamic under different year cacao plantation. Soil organic carbon in cacao plantation age 5 year was 0.031 tonCha-1 , cacao plantation age 10 year was 0.034 ton C ha-1, and cacao plantation age 15 year was 0.043 ton C ha-1 .
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021
This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in... more This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in Tomoni Beringin Jaya Village, East Luwu, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Carbon stocks were estimated from aboveground and belowground biomass using an allometric methodology. Sample sites were cocoa plantations; sampling intensity was 30% of the land planted with cocoa for 5 years (n = 214), 10 years (n=229) and 15 years (n=329), soil sampling disturb (measure soil organic carbon), un disturb (measure bulk soil bulk density) and soil bulk density at depth 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 5 years (M45) was 1.89 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass was 0.56 ton C ha-1 with proportion 77.19%:22.81%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 10 year (BR25) was 3.66 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 1.01 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 78.37%:21.63%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at 15 year (BR25) was 4.58 ton C ha-1 and belowground bioma...
This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in... more This study aimed to determine cocoa carbon stocks based on the conditions of cocoa plantations in Tomoni Beringin Jaya Village, East Luwu, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Carbon stocks were estimated from aboveground and belowground biomass using an allometric methodology. Sample sites were cocoa plantations; sampling intensity was 30% of the land planted with cocoa for 5 years (n = 214), 10 years (n=229) and 15 years (n=329), soil sampling disturb (measure soil organic carbon), un disturb (measure bulk soil bulk density) and soil bulk density at depth 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 5 years (M45) was 1.89 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass was 0.56 ton C ha-1 with proportion 77.19%:22.81%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at the age of 10 year (BR25) was 3.66 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 1.01 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 78.37%:21.63%. Carbon stock cocoa aboveground biomass at 15 year (BR25) was 4.58 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass of 1.21 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 79.07%:20.93%. Cocoa carbon stock at 5 year, 10 year, and 15 year respectively increased, nevertheless mean annual carbon stock cocoa decreased in 5 years cocoa aboveground biomass was 0.37 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.11 tonCa-1. Carbon stock cocoa 10 year aboveground biomass 0.36 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.10 ton C ha-1. Carbon stock cocoa 15 year aboveground biomass 0.30 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.08 ton C ha-1. Soil organic carbon showed dynamic under different year cocoa plantation. Soil organic carbon in cocoa plantation age 5 year was 0.031 tonCha-1, cocoa plantation age 10 year was 0.034 ton C ha-1, and cocoa plantation age 15 year was 0.043 ton C ha-1.
IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020
Plants litter as soil organic matter turn over to soil by the decomposition process. Decompositio... more Plants litter as soil organic matter turn over to soil by the decomposition process. Decomposition is regulated by environmental factors, such as soil water content and pH. High water content (90%) and pH 6.2 increased CO 2 gas production rate, lowest water content (30%) and pH 4.9 increased NH 4 + N-mineralization into the soil as decomposition result. In this study, we investigated cacao leaf litter decomposition in soil. Cacao leaf litter was applied in a 100 mL polypropylene bottle with 70 g air-dried soil, but only the soil was applied as a control. For the litter-amended treatments, 2 g (oven-dry weight) with 2 mm sized cacao leaf litter was placed on the soil surface. The treatment with different soil moisture and pH regimes were soil moisture and pH of 30% and 4.9 (SLWC30i), 30% and 6.2 (SLWC306), 60% and 4.9 (SLWC60i), 60% and 6.2 (SLWC606), 90% and 4.9 (SLWC90i), 90% and 6.2 (SLWC906), respectively. All treatment was incubated at 25 • C under the dark condition for 28 days. Extractable NO 3-and NH 4 + concentration, and soil greenhouse gas (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O) were measured. Highest extractable NO 3-and NH 4 + concentration showed in SWC906 (30.7 mg N kg-1) and SLWC606 (87.1 mg N kg-1), respectively. Soil greenhouse gas production rate highest in water content 90% pH 6.2, CO 2 was 3.82 kg C period-1 , CH 4 was 0.0089 kg C period-1 , N 2 O was 0.016 kg N period-1 .
Proceeding Journal of Physics: Conference series, 2020
This study aims to determine cacao carbon stock based on the conditions of cacao farmers plantati... more This study aims to determine cacao carbon stock based on the conditions of cacao farmers plantation at Tomoni Beringin Jaya Village East Luwu South Sulawesi. Carbon stock estimated aboveground biomass and belowground biomass using allometric methodology, were carried out at cacao field farmer with sampling intensity 30% cacao field at 5 year (n = 214), 10 year (n=229) and 15 years (n=329), soil sampling disturb (measure soil organic carbon), un disturb (measure bulk soil bulk density) and soil bulk density at depth 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Carbon stock cacao aboveground biomass at the age of 5 years (M45) was 1.89 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass was 0.56 ton C ha-1 with proportion 77.19%:22.81%. Carbon stock cacao aboveground biomass at the age of 10 year (BR25) was 3.66 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 1.01 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 78.37%:21.63%. Carbon stock cacao aboveground biomass at 15 year (BR25) was 4.58 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass of 1.21 ton C ha-1 with a proportion 79.07%:20.93%. Cacao carbon stock at 5 year, 10 year, and 15 year respectively increased, nevertheless mean annual carbon stock cacao decreased in 5 years cacao aboveground biomass was 0.37 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.11 tonCa-1. Carbon stock cacao 10 year aboveground biomass 0.36 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.10 ton C ha-1. Carbon stock cacao 15 year aboveground biomass 0.30 ton C ha-1 and belowground biomass 0.08 ton C ha-1. Soil organic carbon showed dynamic under different year cacao plantation. Soil organic carbon in cacao plantation age 5 year was 0.031 tonCha-1 , cacao plantation age 10 year was 0.034 ton C ha-1, and cacao plantation age 15 year was 0.043 ton C ha-1 .
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