Papers by Daiyabu A Ibrahim
Copyright © 2015 Ahmad M. Yakasai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Cre... more Copyright © 2015 Ahmad M. Yakasai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Adherence to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is not clearly defined. This meta-analysis determines the prevalence and predictors of adherence to ACT. Twenty-five studies and six substudies met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of ACT adherence in the public sector was significantly higher compared to retail sector (76 % and 45%, resp.,
Background : Although osteoarthritis is a frequent and important cause of pain and disability wor... more Background : Although osteoarthritis is a frequent and important cause of pain and disability worldwide, its pattern of joint involvement varies from place to place. Objective : To determine the clinical pattern of knee osteoarthritis in patients seen at the rheumatology clinic of Amino Kano Teaching Hospital. Design : A prospective, cross sectional, descriptive, hospital-based study was carried out, from the 1 st June to 30 th November 2009. Methods : Adults aged 18 years and above referred with knee pain were evaluated. Results : One hundred and seventy four osteoarthritic knee involvements in 100 patients were evaluated. There were 27 males and 73 females, giving a F:M ratio of 2.7:1, with mean age of 56.92 ± 12.71 years. The mean BMI of the patients was 29.68 ± 4.87 Kg/M 2 and 18% reported previous trauma to the knee. Eleven per cent of the patients had features of benign joint hypermobility syndrome. The median duration of knee pain before presentation was 30 months (range 3-18...
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 2019
Purpose: Type 2 diabetes poses a major global health threat both in the developed and developing ... more Purpose: Type 2 diabetes poses a major global health threat both in the developed and developing countries. Factors responsible for the soaring epidemic of T2DM in the developing countries include urbanization, ageing population, physical inactivity and increasing obesity rates. Our aim was to determine the pattern of obesity among patients with T2DM at the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano, Northwestern Nigeria. Patients and methods: We consecutively recruited 220 patients with type 2 diabetes attending the diabetes clinic of AKTH for the study. Patients with Type 1 diabetes, patients who could not stand or are wheelchair bound and pregnant women were excluded from the study. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, treatment history for diabetes and history of hypertension from each participant. Results: Of the 220 patients recruited for this study, 97(44.1%) were men, while 123(55.9%) were women. The prevalence of generalized obesity among the study participants was 27.4% (women −30.9% vs men-22.7%, X 2 =4.76, p=0.190). Grades I. II and III obesity were found in 17.3%, 5.9% and 3.2% of the study participants, respectively. All the participants with grade III obesity were women. Central obesity defined by WC was detected in 111(50.5%) [20(20.6%) men and 91(73.9%) women, X 2 =1.93, p=0.001]. Obesity defined by WHR was recorded in 182 (82.7%) participants [80(43.9%) men and 102(56.0%) women, X 2 = 1.97, 0.001]. Using a cutoff of ≥0.5, abnormal WhtR was detected in 179(81.4%) [72(40.2%) men and 107(59.8%) women, X 2 = 5.82, p=0.01], while using a cutoff of ≥0.6, abnormal WhtR was detected in 84(38.2%) participants [29 (34.5%) men and 55(65.5%) women, X 2 =6.38, p=0.09]. Hypertension was detected in 103(46.8%) participants, with a higher prevalence among women compared with men [46.3. % vs 47.4%, X 2 = 1.03 p=0.87]. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity in our cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes was high. The predominant form of obesity was central obesity, which was most prevalent when indexed by WHR. The WhtR was as good as the WHR, but fared better than WC in detecting central obesity in our patients.
Deadline set to Wednesday, March 20, 2018 Submit your abstract online Abstract Topics will Includ... more Deadline set to Wednesday, March 20, 2018 Submit your abstract online Abstract Topics will Include: Rheumatoid Arthritis Spondylarthropathies Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Scleroderma Polymyositis Sjögren’s syndrome Low back pain Therapeutics in rheumatology Behçet disease Bony disorders in Haematological diseases Bone disorders Connective tissue diseases Crystal induced arthritis Epidemiology of rheumatic diseases in Africa Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Paget disease Hyperparathyroidism Osteomalacia Infections Physical medicine and rehabilitation Pediatric rheumatology Neuropathic pain. We look forward to seeing you in Algiers!
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 2020
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, highlight the variation and determine the trend over time,... more Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, highlight the variation and determine the trend over time, of epilepsy treatment gap (ETG) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI databases, and African Journal Online (AJOL). We determined the pooled prevalence estimate of ETG and the degree of heterogeneity in the region. Further subgroup analysis by sub-region, settlement setting, and cut off adopted for active epilepsy in the studies was carried out. Meta-regression technique was also used to determine the trend of the ETG magnitude over time. Results: Twenty three studies from SSA met the inclusion criteria. We found a high level of discordance among the studies that were included. Collectively, the estimated ETG was 68.5% (95% CI: 59.5-77.5%). On subgroup analysis, the prevalence of the ETG was 67% % (95% CI: 52%, 83%) in the Western, 68% (95% CI: 56%, 80%) in the Eastern, and 63% (95% CI: 53%, 73%) in the Southern Africa sub-regions. On stratified analysis based on 1-year, 5-year and 2year cutoffs for definition of active epilepsy, the prevalence figures for the ETG were 71% (95% CI: 56%, 85%), 55% (95% CI: 33%, 77%), and 57% (95% CI: 43%, 71%) respectively. Meta-regression result suggested that the prevalence of the ETG decreases by approximately 0.006 per year.
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2020
Background: There is marked variation in the prevalence of epilepsy across Sub-Saharan Africa (SS... more Background: There is marked variation in the prevalence of epilepsy across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In order to accurately estimate the clinical and public health impacts of epilepsy in the region, robust and reliable epidemiological data are required for appropriate estimation of logistical, economical, and social impacts of epilepsy including policy formulation and intervention in the region. Objective: We sought to evaluate the prevalence of active epilepsy (AE) and lifetime epilepsy prevalence in SSA using available data collected at community level. Methods: We carefully searched online databases and identified the required articles using prespecified criteria. Random-effects model (REM) was used to estimate the active and lifetime prevalence from data generated from studies in SSA.. The burden of epilepsy, in terms of the number of people with the disease, was also obtained. Heterogeneity in the analysis was further explored using subgroup analysis and meta-regression techniques. Result: A total of 39 and 12 community-based door-to-door surveys addressing AE and lifetime epilepsy, respectively, from different countries of SSA met the inclusion criteria for the study. Random-effects model estimates of overall prevalence of epilepsy were 9 per 1000 persons (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.0-9.9 per 1000 persons) for AE and 16 per 1000 persons (95% CI: 12.3-19.7 per 1000 persons) for lifetime epilepsy. The prevalence was highest in the Central Africa subregion with 30.2 per 1000 persons (95% CI: 6.2 to 66.7 per 1000 persons). The prevalence of AE in the rural settlement was twice that of the urban settlements.
The Journal of Medical Research, 2017
Background: General medical practitioners are responsible for providing care for most hypertensiv... more Background: General medical practitioners are responsible for providing care for most hypertensive patients in developing countries, including Nigeria. Concerns have been raised about the pattern of anti-hypertensive medications prescription in some countries. Most previous studies that have assessedphysicians' anti-hypertensive prescription patterns were carried out in tertiary care institutions. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-hypertensive prescription pattern of non-specialist general medical practitioners in Kano State, Northwestern Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey carried out among non-specialist general practitioners practicing within Kano State, Nigeria. A total of 138 doctors completed questionnaires about their demographics, duration and location of practice, and anti-hypertensive prescription patterns.Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Qualitative variables were expressed as proportions and percentages. Results: One hundred and fourteen (82.6%) doctors directly care for hypertensive patients routinely, with only 31 (22.5%) attending to less than 20 patients per month.Majority (47%) considered thiazide diuretics their first choice antihypertensive.Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) were the commonest used drugs as single agent (55.7%) or in combination with other classes. The frequently used combinations were ACEIs/ thiazides (43.5%), ACEI/ Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (24.6%) and CCBs/ thiazides (8.7%). The most frequently considered factors when prescribing antihypertensive medications were cost of the medications (84.7%), side effect profile of the medications (68.1%), presence of compelling indications and contraindications (57.2%), blood pressure at the time of presentation (56.2%) and the dosage frequency. Conclusion: The anti-hypertensive prescription pattern for the majority of the non-specialist general medical practitioners in Kano is in accordance with the current hypertension treatment guidelines.
Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2016
Ibrahim (2016) Efficacy of antimicrobial lock solutions in preventing catheter-related blood stre... more Ibrahim (2016) Efficacy of antimicrobial lock solutions in preventing catheter-related blood stream infection in haemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective randomised controlled trials,
Neurology Research International, 2015
HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) are common among HIV-positive individuals. This st... more HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) are common among HIV-positive individuals. This study explored the prevalence and correlates of HAND in Nigeria. 80 HIV-positive and 40 HIV-negative adults selected from Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) received comprehensive evaluations. A multidomain neuropsychological test (MDNPT) battery assessing 7 domains was administered to the participants and their performance was combined with measures of functional status to classify impairments into various grades of HAND. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify correlates of symptomatic HAND. Among the HIV-positive individuals, 50% were highly active antiretroviral therapy-experienced (HAART+) and 50% were highly active antiretroviral therapy naive (HAART−). Symptomatic HAND was found among 40% of the HAART− individuals and 30% of the HAART+ individuals. Respective prevalence of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) was 23% and 5%, respectively (p=0.0002). In a binary log...
Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2015
Adherence to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is not clearly defined. This meta-analys... more Adherence to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is not clearly defined. This meta-analysis determines the prevalence and predictors of adherence to ACT. Twenty-five studies and six substudies met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of ACT adherence in the public sector was significantly higher compared to retail sector (76% and 45%, resp.,P<0.0001). However, ACT adherence was similar across different ACT dosing regimens and formulations. In metaregression analysis prevalence estimates of adherence significantly decrease with increasing year of study publicationP=0.046. Factors found to be significant predictors of ACT adherence were years of education ≥ 7{odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) = 1.63 (1.05–2.53)}, higher income{2.0 (1.35–2.98)}, fatty food{4.6 (2.49–8.50)}, exact number of pills dispensed{4.09 (1.60–10.7)}, and belief in traditional medication for malaria{0.09 (0.01–0.78)}. The accuracy of pooled estimates could be limited by publication bias, and differing methods...
Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2013
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2013
HIV infection is a major cause of neurocognitive impairment (NCI). 1 In Sub-Saharan Africa the bu... more HIV infection is a major cause of neurocognitive impairment (NCI). 1 In Sub-Saharan Africa the burden of NCI is likely to be huge given the substantial burden of HIV infection in the region. 2,3 Early in the epidemic, several studies assessed the presence of NCI among infected adults, with variable results arising from differences regarding the dominant viral clade, methods used for NCI detection, stage of infection, and whether patients were on or off antiretroviral therapy (ART). 4-8 Successive attempts have been made to harmonize and unify the definition and nosology of NCI, eventually culminating in a definition formulated by the American Academy of Neurology in 2007 (AAN2007) referred to as HIV Associated Neurocognitive Deficits (HAND). 5,6 This categorizes subjects into 'normal asymptomatics', 'asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment' (ANI), 'mild neurocognitive deficit' (MND), and the severest form referred to as 'HIV-associated dementia' (HAD), 6 previously referred to as 'AIDS dementia complex' (ADC). As the neuropathological correlate of NCI is thought to be primarily of sub-cortical origin, assessment methods used in Sub-Saharan Africa for cortical diseases may be
International Health, 2016
Background: There are conflicting reports of sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes in Africa.... more Background: There are conflicting reports of sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes in Africa. We investigated sex disparities in treatment outcomes for adults on first line antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Nigeria. Methods: We compared clinical and immunologic responses to ART between HIV-infected men (n=205) and women (n=140) enrolled in an ART program between June 2004 and December 2007, with follow-up through June 2014. We employed Kaplan-Meier estimates to examine differences in time to immunologic failure and loss to follow-up (LTFU), and generalized estimating equations to assess changes in CD4+ count by sex. Results: Men had lower baseline mean CD4+ count compared to women (327.6 cells/µL vs 413.4, respectively, p<0.01). Women had significantly higher rates of increase in CD4+ count than men, even after adjusting for confounders, p<0.0001. There was no significant difference in LTFU by sex: LTFU rate was 2.47/1000 personmonths (95% CI 1.6-3.9) in the first five years for men vs 1.98/1000 person-months (95% CI (1.3-3.0) for women. There was no difference in time to LTFU by sex over the study period. Conclusions: Women achieved better long-term immune response to ART at baseline and during treatment, but had similar rates of long-term retention in care to men. Targeted efforts are needed to improve immune outcomes in men in our setting.
Background: There is marked variation in the prevalence of epilepsy across Sub-Saharan Africa (SS... more Background: There is marked variation in the prevalence of epilepsy across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In order to accurately estimate the clinical and public health impacts of epilepsy in the region, robust and reliable epidemiological data are required for appropriate estimation of logistical, economical, and social impacts of epilepsy including policy formulation and intervention in the region. Objective: We sought to evaluate the prevalence of active epilepsy (AE) and lifetime epilepsy prevalence in SSA using available data collected at community level. Methods: We carefully searched online databases and identified the required articles using prespecified criteria. Random-effects model (REM) was used to estimate the active and lifetime prevalence from data generated from studies in SSA.. The burden of epilepsy, in terms of the number of people with the disease, was also obtained. Heterogeneity in the analysis was further explored using subgroup analysis and meta-regression techniques. Result: A total of 39 and 12 community-based door-to-door surveys addressing AE and lifetime epilepsy, respectively, from different countries of SSA met the inclusion criteria for the study. Random-effects model estimates of overall prevalence of epilepsy were 9 per 1000 persons (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.0-9.9 per 1000 persons) for AE and 16 per 1000 persons (95% CI: 12.3-19.7 per 1000 persons) for lifetime epilepsy. The prevalence was highest in the Central Africa subregion with 30.2 per 1000 persons (95% CI: 6.2 to 66.7 per 1000 persons). The prevalence of AE in the rural settlement was twice that of the urban settlements.
Background: General medical practitioners are responsible for providing care for most hypertensiv... more Background: General medical practitioners are responsible for providing care for most hypertensive patients in developing countries, including Nigeria. Concerns have been raised about the pattern of anti-hypertensive medications prescription in some countries. Most previous studies that have assessedphysicians' anti-hypertensive prescription patterns were carried out in tertiary care institutions. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-hypertensive prescription pattern of non-specialist general medical practitioners in Kano State, Northwestern Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey carried out among non-specialist general practitioners practicing within Kano State, Nigeria. A total of 138 doctors completed questionnaires about their demographics, duration and location of practice, and anti-hypertensive prescription patterns.Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Qualitative variables were expressed as proportions and percentages. Results: One hundred and fourteen (82.6%) doctors directly care for hypertensive patients routinely, with only 31 (22.5%) attending to less than 20 patients per month.Majority (47%) considered thiazide diuretics their first choice antihypertensive.Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) were the commonest used drugs as single agent (55.7%) or in combination with other classes. The frequently used combinations were ACEIs/ thiazides (43.5%), ACEI/ Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (24.6%) and CCBs/ thiazides (8.7%). The most frequently considered factors when prescribing antihypertensive medications were cost of the medications (84.7%), side effect profile of the medications (68.1%), presence of compelling indications and contraindications (57.2%), blood pressure at the time of presentation (56.2%) and the dosage frequency. Conclusion: The anti-hypertensive prescription pattern for the majority of the non-specialist general medical practitioners in Kano is in accordance with the current hypertension treatment guidelines.
Purpose: Type 2 diabetes poses a major global health threat both in the developed and developing ... more Purpose: Type 2 diabetes poses a major global health threat both in the developed and developing countries. Factors responsible for the soaring epidemic of T2DM in the developing countries include urbanization, ageing population, physical inactivity and increasing obesity rates. Our aim was to determine the pattern of obesity among patients with T2DM at the Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano, Northwestern Nigeria. Patients and methods: We consecutively recruited 220 patients with type 2 diabetes attending the diabetes clinic of AKTH for the study. Patients with Type 1 diabetes, patients who could not stand or are wheelchair bound and pregnant women were excluded from the study. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, treatment history for diabetes and history of hypertension from each participant. Results: Of the 220 patients recruited for this study, 97(44.1%) were men, while 123(55.9%) were women. The prevalence of generalized obesity among the study participants was 27.4% (women −30.9% vs men-22.7%, X 2 =4.76, p=0.190). Grades I. II and III obesity were found in 17.3%, 5.9% and 3.2% of the study participants, respectively. All the participants with grade III obesity were women. Central obesity defined by WC was detected in 111(50.5%) [20(20.6%) men and 91(73.9%) women, X 2 =1.93, p=0.001]. Obesity defined by WHR was recorded in 182 (82.7%) participants [80(43.9%) men and 102(56.0%) women, X 2 = 1.97, 0.001]. Using a cutoff of ≥0.5, abnormal WhtR was detected in 179(81.4%) [72(40.2%) men and 107(59.8%) women, X 2 = 5.82, p=0.01], while using a cutoff of ≥0.6, abnormal WhtR was detected in 84(38.2%) participants [29 (34.5%) men and 55(65.5%) women, X 2 =6.38, p=0.09]. Hypertension was detected in 103(46.8%) participants, with a higher prevalence among women compared with men [46.3. % vs 47.4%, X 2 = 1.03 p=0.87]. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity in our cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes was high. The predominant form of obesity was central obesity, which was most prevalent when indexed by WHR. The WhtR was as good as the WHR, but fared better than WC in detecting central obesity in our patients.
Epilepsy affects over 50 million people worldwide 1 and accounts for nearly 0.5% of the world bur... more Epilepsy affects over 50 million people worldwide 1 and accounts for nearly 0.5% of the world burden of disease. 2 In spite of the availability of effective and affordable anti-epileptic medications, majority of the people in the low and middle-income countries that constitute over 90% of all the people living with epilepsy (PWE) worldwide do not receive appropriate treatment. 3 A recent global burden of disease (GBD) study showed a decrease in the disease burden from 1990 to 2016. 4 In spite of this finding, epilepsy remains an important cause of disability and mortality globally. 4 Almost two decades ago, having realized that the magnitude of epilepsy treatment gap in resource poor countries may be too intricate for an individual country or organization to handle, the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), International Bureau for Epilepsy, and World Health Organization (WHO), came together to bring epilepsy "out of the shadows" with the Global Campaign against Epilepsy (GCAE). 3,5,6
Background: There are conflicting reports of sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes in Africa.... more Background: There are conflicting reports of sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes in Africa. We investigated sex disparities in treatment outcomes for adults on first line antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Nigeria. Methods: We compared clinical and immunologic responses to ART between HIV-infected men (n=205) and women (n=140) enrolled in an ART program between June 2004 and December 2007, with follow-up through June 2014. We employed Kaplan-Meier estimates to examine differences in time to immunologic failure and loss to follow-up (LTFU), and generalized estimating equations to assess changes in CD4+ count by sex. Results: Men had lower baseline mean CD4+ count compared to women (327.6 cells/µL vs 413.4, respectively, p<0.01). Women had significantly higher rates of increase in CD4+ count than men, even after adjusting for confounders, p<0.0001. There was no significant difference in LTFU by sex: LTFU rate was 2.47/1000 personmonths (95% CI 1.6-3.9) in the first five years for men vs 1.98/1000 person-months (95% CI (1.3-3.0) for women. There was no difference in time to LTFU by sex over the study period. Conclusions: Women achieved better long-term immune response to ART at baseline and during treatment, but had similar rates of long-term retention in care to men. Targeted efforts are needed to improve immune outcomes in men in our setting.
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Papers by Daiyabu A Ibrahim