Papers by Mahmud Hasan Tuhin
Introduction 2 © Mahmud Hasan Tuhin, Dr. A. K. M. Rashidul Alam (The materials/information presen... more Introduction 2 © Mahmud Hasan Tuhin, Dr. A. K. M. Rashidul Alam (The materials/information presented on this meeting/event report/publication is the presenters'/participants'.) Acknowledgement: GIZ-SMP Outline of the presentation • Background/ Problem statement • Study area • Methods of the study • Results • Findings • Way forward
Changing of livelihood options on the basis of availability of Water resource in a Large coastal ... more Changing of livelihood options on the basis of availability of Water resource in a Large coastal Island of Bangladesh.
Abstract: The Jamuna is one of the largest rivers in the world. The width of the river varies fro... more Abstract: The Jamuna is one of the largest rivers in the world. The width of the river varies from 3 km to 18 km but the average width is about 10 km. The river is in fact a multi-channel flow consisting of many different size channels, and of different patterns including braiding and meandering. It also discharges a large volume of water and at the same time brings huge amounts of sediments. Due to high discharge of water and braided nature, the river has a severe flooding and bank erosion problem. Every year, millions of people are affected by flood and erosion that destroys standing crops, farm and homestead land. To protect from these flood and bank erosion, different riverine structures such as embankment, revetment, spur, hard point, groyne and bandal have been installed at different places of the bank of Jamuna. Due to the construction of these riverine structures, the connection with flood plain, natural flow and environment of the river has changed. The ideas of fishermen about the change in species composition for the construction of riverine structures have been collected by using PRA technique. The study identifies the different species found near different riverine structures of the Jamuna River.
Jamuna is a good and important source of natural resource like riverine fisheries. Once upon a time, more than 100 fish species was available in the river. But near the riverine structures, a change in species catch is observed. Flow modification was visually observed and the opinion of local fishermen was collected during survey and it is found that, for construction of the riverine structures, the natural fish habitat and the river flow are modified. Thick layer of sediments are found near CC blocks of revetment which supports fishes like Baila, Baim, Chingri etc. Near spur, scour hole is formed where some infrequent species are found, which were not available before construction of the structure. Fishes like Air, Baghair, Kalbaus are now available near hard point.
Every disaster has impact on people and society. But the natures of impacts are different for eve... more Every disaster has impact on people and society. But the natures of impacts are different for every disaster. Fast occurring disasters like cyclone, flood have impact different from slow occurring disaster like river bank erosion and drought. Again the gender dimension of disaster impact is also different. Slow occurring disasters have long term and more associated impact on gender. In this study the impacts of river bank erosion on gender were studied critically. Bangladesh has a history of severe riverbank erosion and it is aggravating day by day and future climate change will give fuel for this disaster. For conducting the study gender sensitive PRA methods were followed. PRA methods include Key informants Interview (KII), Case Studies, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and Private Dialogue (PD) with the key focus group. The key focus groups are female household member from an erosion victim family, abandon female or female left behind by the male for migration in temporary basis, and newcomer immigrated female member of a family. The target of the study is to assess the primary and associated impacts of riverbank erosion on children, young girls, female and elderly people. The primary impacts of the riverbank erosion include livelihood destruction, loss of food, shelter, property, drop out from school and most of all poverty. Secondary impacts consist, increased domestic violence, social insecurity, sexual harassment, eve teasing etc. Associated and long term impact includes, divorce, polygamy, extra marital affairs, rape, child marriage etc. Again health impacts include both physical and mental diseases. All impacts are applicable for both male and female, but female and girls are the worst victim of river bank erosion in long run. These types of problems are also applicable for the new settlers of Charland (river island) female also. Gender sensitive rigorous study is essential for formulating gender friendly policy and social safety net program for the women of riverine and charland female.
The study found significant environmental and social impacts at the Ganges basin area of Banglade... more The study found significant environmental and social impacts at the Ganges basin area of Bangladesh due to diversion of river water especially in dry season. The Ganges is a shared river between India and Bangladesh, which carries about 56, 543 cumec of water during peak season. India constructed a dam in the river just 18 km from Bangladesh boarder in 1975 for diverting 40,000 cusec of water in the Hooghly River to keep the Kolkata port navigable. But the withdrawal of water creates a rigorous water related disaster in the north western part of Bangladesh which is relatively arid and gets a lower amount of rainfall than average. The river was a lifeline for that area. But for diverting the water from the river Ganges, agriculture and fisheries sectors have been affected severely. For conducting this case study a socio-technical approach was followed. To determine the impact on river flow, historical daily discharge and water level data of Hardinge Bridge station was analyzed. Some analyses include monthly minimummaximum and annual maximum-minimum discharge. Time series satellite images were also interpreted for understanding the morphological change of the river. To understand the impact on fisheries and agriculture, PRA tools including FGD, In-depth interview and KII was conducted with fisherman and farmer community once dependent on river water. Data of crop and fisheries production were also collected from Bangladesh bureau of statistics and other published secondary literature to compare with the current scenario. It is found that, the annual minimum discharge of the river drastically reduced by 38% in dry and 16% in wet season from the year 1992 to 2012. Total fish production of the river reduced by 83% and number of fish species decreased from more than 65 to 15. According to the farmer community, scarcity of water forces them to change the cropping pattern and switch different crop such as paddy to mango or Jujube (Kul).
Haor is Bowl-shaped large tectonic depression. It receives surface runoff water by rivers and k... more Haor is Bowl-shaped large tectonic depression. It receives surface runoff water by rivers and khals, and consequently, a Haor becomes very extensive water body in the monsoon and dries up mostly in the post-monsoon period. In Bangladesh Haors are found mainly in greater Sylhet and greater Mymensingh regions. During monsoon a Haor is a vast stretch of turbulent water.
T Th he e 3 3 r rd d B BJ JS SP PS SA AA A S Sy ym mp po os si iu um m o on n S Sc ci ie en nc ce... more T Th he e 3 3 r rd d B BJ JS SP PS SA AA A S Sy ym mp po os si iu um m o on n S Sc ci ie en nc ce e f fo or r S So oc ci ie et ty y
The Lower Brahmaputra is the second largest river in Bangladesh and one of the largest in the wor... more The Lower Brahmaputra is the second largest river in Bangladesh and one of the largest in the world. Due to its high flow and braided nature, it has a severe flooding and bank erosion problem. In order to provide protection against such riverine hazards, different structures have been constructed at different places of the bank of Lower Brahmaputra. As a result, natural hydro-morphological environment has changed and the natural habitat of the river has been disturbed. The objective of this paper is to show the changes in fish composition of the river near different structures. The paper suggests measures which need to be adopted in order to ensure sustainable management of fish resources of the river.
Climate change impact like heavy rainfall in unscheduled time will likely cause significant chang... more Climate change impact like heavy rainfall in unscheduled time will likely cause significant changes in sediment and flood regimes of the river. For that reason in large rivers like the Jamuna may be disturbed and required a long time for adjustment in fluvial processes and morphological forms. Sudden water level rise, flooding and bank erosion of the river influence life and livelihood of the near bank people. Among different morphological changes, riverbank erosion is a common and frequent natural hazard for Jamuna. People lived near the river bank applied indigenous technique for erosion protection by using locally available materials. The objective of this study is to identify the indigenous erosion protection measures practiced by the local people on the context of climate change. Socio technical approaches were used for the study. Water level data, satellite image analysis associated with FGD, KII and house hold survey were conducted. It was found that people took defensive measures like bamboo pilling, sand filled bag dumping for erosion protection. Migration is also a measure taken by local people when they are already affected. For the effective erosion protection, massive engineering works are preferred. But local knowledge based protection measures are effective and sustainable in low water flow area where erosion is insignificant.
Presentation outline Background Study area Structure around Sirajganj town Methodology Resul... more Presentation outline Background Study area Structure around Sirajganj town Methodology Results Conclusion and Recommendation 2
The Jamuna is one of the largest rivers in the world. The width of the river varies from 3 km to ... more The Jamuna is one of the largest rivers in the world. The width of the river varies from 3 km to 18 km but the average width is about 10 km. The river is in fact a multi-channel flow consisting of many different size channels, and of different patterns including braiding and meandering. It also discharges a large volume of water and at the same time brings huge amounts of sediments. Due to high discharge of water and braided nature, the river has a severe flooding and bank erosion problem. Every year, millions of people are affected by flood and erosion that destroys standing crops, farm and homestead land. To protect from these flood and bank erosion, different riverine structures such as embankment, revetment, spur, hard point, groyne and bandal have been installed at different places of the bank of Jamuna. Due to the construction of these riverine structures, the connection with flood plain, natural flow and environment of the river has changed. The ideas of fishermen about the change in species composition for the construction of riverine structures have been collected by using PRA technique. The study identifies the different species found near different riverine structures of the Jamuna River.
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Papers by Mahmud Hasan Tuhin
Jamuna is a good and important source of natural resource like riverine fisheries. Once upon a time, more than 100 fish species was available in the river. But near the riverine structures, a change in species catch is observed. Flow modification was visually observed and the opinion of local fishermen was collected during survey and it is found that, for construction of the riverine structures, the natural fish habitat and the river flow are modified. Thick layer of sediments are found near CC blocks of revetment which supports fishes like Baila, Baim, Chingri etc. Near spur, scour hole is formed where some infrequent species are found, which were not available before construction of the structure. Fishes like Air, Baghair, Kalbaus are now available near hard point.
Jamuna is a good and important source of natural resource like riverine fisheries. Once upon a time, more than 100 fish species was available in the river. But near the riverine structures, a change in species catch is observed. Flow modification was visually observed and the opinion of local fishermen was collected during survey and it is found that, for construction of the riverine structures, the natural fish habitat and the river flow are modified. Thick layer of sediments are found near CC blocks of revetment which supports fishes like Baila, Baim, Chingri etc. Near spur, scour hole is formed where some infrequent species are found, which were not available before construction of the structure. Fishes like Air, Baghair, Kalbaus are now available near hard point.