Papers by Hadia Fakhreldin
International Business Research, May 18, 2018
The study examines the relationship between cultural intelligence (CI) and the internationalizati... more The study examines the relationship between cultural intelligence (CI) and the internationalization of Swiss Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). It also evaluates the role of internationalization motivators within that relationship. A self-administered survey was sent (by email) to the managers of 640 Swiss SMEs, identified from the Swiss SME database (Switzerland Global Enterprises-ge.com). The data analysis confirms that the internationalization process and the intention to internationalize depend to a large extent on the cultural intelligence of these managers. The analysis also identified access to information on foreign markets as the main motivator that affects this relationship. The study proposes solutions and recommendations to stakeholders and policy makers to enhance and support SME internationalization through developing specific individual and organizational aspects, mainly the cultural competencies of managers and more access to detailed information on foreign markets and their differing environments.
This study is focusing on developing and implementing KM strategies in the international developm... more This study is focusing on developing and implementing KM strategies in the international development organizations. The aim of the research is to investigate whether there is an agreed upon model for developing a KM system that achieves an effective and successful implementation. It proposes a model based on examining some distinguished attempts made so far in that area world-wide, in addition to focusing on the experience of one international development agency, CIDA, Egypt. The study uses the case study method to examine thoroughly the experience of the Canadian Agency for International Development in Egypt, in designing and implementing a KM strategy. The model identifies new criteria for implementation in similar entities and emphasizes the importance of adopting a balanced participatory approach in designing and implementing a KM strategy in international development organizations in order to achieve a sustainable and effective implementation.
COVID19 caught almost every higher education institution off guard. The pandemic interrupted the ... more COVID19 caught almost every higher education institution off guard. The pandemic interrupted the teaching and learning process and required immediate implementation of emergency remote learning strategies. Teaching pedagogy turned to new ways of thinking about learning. Consequently, both academic staff and students had to adapt without warning to the challenges of teaching with advanced technology from home which was taking the world by storm. Overcoming this challenge in Egypt has been much easier for private universities in comparison to state universities because of the availability of facilities, funding, smaller cohorts and validation by partner western universities. This paper shares reflections on teaching and online activities during the pandemic at a private higher education institution in Egypt. Reflections focus on: technological teaching tools, alternative assessment methods, academic and psychological student support, professional development, and student experiences. ...
This study highlights the importance of cultural intelligence in international business. Employee... more This study highlights the importance of cultural intelligence in international business. Employees with high levels of cultural intelligence (CI) achieve high performance levels, therefore CI should be a screening criteria and a training goal within multinational companies. A five stars hotel is chosen as the field for testing/examining the theoretical framework identified in the literature. The cultural intelligence level of employees in this hotel is first determined through a questionnaire technique using a valid and reliable test (the Cultural Quotient Scale). Then the performance of these employees is identified through examining selected criteria in their performance review. To verify the results of the evaluation, interviews are conducted with the respective managers in the hotel. The research confirms the positive relation between CI and selected criteria of the individual performance of employees in this hotel. It is concluded that CI is an important attribute for employees...
Board characteristics considered in this study include board size, presence of outside directors,... more Board characteristics considered in this study include board size, presence of outside directors, CEO– Chairman duality and gender diversity on the board. Firm performance is measured by return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q. This study includes firm age, firm size and industry type as control variables. The author tests the hypotheses on longitudinal sample of 70 firms over six-year period from 2005 until 2010. The sample includes the most active firms (EGX 100) on the Egyptian stock exchange. Empirical analysis is undertaken using pooled OLS and FGLS regressions after adopting the prerequisite tests and after detecting the absence of endogeneity between the variables. This study makes a number of contributions to the existing literature. First, it provides a better understanding of the overall picture of Egypt’s internal governance mechanisms. GJHSS-H Classification: FOR Code: 150303 TheImpactofBoardCharacteristicsonFirmsFinancialPerformanceEvidencefromtheEgyptianlistedcompanies Gl...
The study is designed to test the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and entreprene... more The study is designed to test the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and entrepreneurial behaviour (EB) through a deductive approach. It uses the survey strategy and conducts self-administered questionnaires. The research is explanatory in nature due to the causal investigation being performed to see if the emotional intelligence would affect entrepreneurial behaviour (Zainal, 2007) and consequently new venture creation. Using logistic regression, the analysis showed that only some components of EI affected certain areas of EB in the case of necessity driven entrepreneurs while other EI components affected other areas of opportunity driven entrepreneurs; and had consequently a significant impact on new venture creation. The results shed light on certain areas that need to be taken into consideration when aiming at developing and enhancing entrepreneurial activities.
International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship
PurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of social media (SM) on the creation of digital entr... more PurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of social media (SM) on the creation of digital entrepreneurship by female (irrespective of age) and youth male (aged 18–29 years) entrepreneurs, investigate if SM empowers those entrepreneurs and compare the empowerment characteristics between female and youth male entrepreneurs before and after starting their businesses.Design/methodology/approachSelf-assessment questionnaires were collected from a sample of 408 Egyptian female and youth male digital entrepreneurs from Greater Cairo, whose businesses had been operating for more than one year.FindingsThe research showed the following four results: Of the surveyed entrepreneurs, 95% asserted that without SM, they would not have started their businesses. Female and youth male entrepreneurs are empowered both on personal and relational levels, and women’s empowerment is more evident in the latter. Before digital entrepreneurship, youth males have significantly higher averages than female en...
Third International Conference on Advances In Social Science, Management and Human Behaviour - SMHB 2015, Oct 11, 2015
The study examines the different policies implemented in countries to achieve SME development. Th... more The study examines the different policies implemented in countries to achieve SME development. The literature suggests that macro policies are more effective than micro policies in achieving this target. Nine different cases of countries are investigated to identify which policies are more effective and why. The analysis of information obtained from secondary data, archives, reports and interviews confirm that the macro policies are more effective in the case of developing countries, whereas micro policies are more successful in developed countries.
Journal of Teaching in International Business
International Business Research
The study examines the relationship between cultural intelligence (CI) and the internationalizati... more The study examines the relationship between cultural intelligence (CI) and the internationalization of Swiss Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). It also evaluates the role of internationalization motivators within that relationship. A self-administered survey was sent (by email) to the managers of 640 Swiss SMEs, identified from the Swiss SME database (Switzerland Global Enterprises-ge.com). The data analysis confirms that the internationalization process and the intention to internationalize depend to a large extent on the cultural intelligence of these managers. The analysis also identified access to information on foreign markets as the main motivator that affects this relationship. The study proposes solutions and recommendations to stakeholders and policy makers to enhance and support SME internationalization through developing specific individual and organizational aspects, mainly the cultural competencies of managers and more access to detailed information on foreign markets...
J. for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development
International Journal of Business and Globalisation, Sep 1, 2013
This study examines the effect of cultural variables on entrepreneurs' networks in the Middle Eas... more This study examines the effect of cultural variables on entrepreneurs' networks in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region countries and Denmark. Using data collected by the GEM surveys and clustered for the purpose of this research, analysis is undertaken on the effect of cultural variables on entrepreneurs' private networks in addition to their work, professional, market and international networks. The major cultural contrast in the empirical analysis is between Denmark and the MENA countries. Traditionalism dominates in the MENA region while secular-rationalism pervades Denmark: trust is widespread in Denmark, but more limited to family members in MENA; and collectivism prevails in MENA while Denmark is more individualistic. Analyses show that both traditional culture and collectivism promote networking in the private sphere, which explains the intensity of private networking in MENA and the lower level of private networking in Denmark. Trust in society, generally promotes networking, and specifically networking in the public spheres of the workplace , the professions, the market and the international environment. This explains the greater prevalence and intensity of networks and networking in the public domain in Denmark compared to that in the MENA region.
International Journal of Business and Globalisation
Arab Economic and Business Journal
International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business
International Journal of Business and Globalisation
This study examines the effect of cultural variables on entrepreneurs' networks in the Middle Eas... more This study examines the effect of cultural variables on entrepreneurs' networks in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region countries and Denmark. Using data collected by the GEM surveys and clustered for the purpose of this research, analysis is undertaken of the effect of cultural variables on entrepreneurs' private networks in addition to their work, professional, market and international networks. The major cultural contrast in the empirical analysis is between Denmark and the MENA countries. Traditionalism dominates in the MENA region while secular-rationalism pervades Denmark: trust is widespread in Denmark, but more limited to family members in MENA; and collectivism prevails in MENA while Denmark is more individualistic. Analyses show that both traditional culture and collectivism promote networking in the private sphere, which explains the intensity of private networking in MENA and the lower level of private networking in Denmark. Trust in society, generally promotes networking, and specifically networking in the public spheres of the workplace , the professions, the market and the international environment. This explains the greater prevalence and intensity of networks and networking in the public domain in Denmark compared to that in the MENA region.
The relationship between the emotional intelligence of entrepreneurs and the new venture creation: The role of age, gender and motive, 2017
The study investigates the effect of emotional intelligence (EI) of entrepreneurs on new
venture ... more The study investigates the effect of emotional intelligence (EI) of entrepreneurs on new
venture creation (NVC). A self-administered questionnaire is used to test the study
hypothesis on a sample of 378 Egyptian entrepreneurs. The analysis shows that there is a
significant relationship between emotional intelligence and new venture creation. There are
three constructs of EI (interpersonal skills, internal motivation and self-awareness), which
support the creation of new ventures.
The results of the empirical study are validated using demographic characteristics (age and
gender) and the motivation of entrepreneurship (necessity-driven or opportunity-driven).
The findings show that age has a moderating effect on the relationship between EI and NVC,
whereas gender does not play a role in this relationship. There are differences in the
relationship between emotional intelligence and new venture creation based on the
motivation to engage in entrepreneurship. Although the relationship is significant in the
cases of both necessity-driven and opportunity-driven entrepreneurs, the dimensions/
constructs of EI that support the new venture creation are different in each case.
© 2017 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Holy Spirit
University of Kaslik.
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Papers by Hadia Fakhreldin
venture creation (NVC). A self-administered questionnaire is used to test the study
hypothesis on a sample of 378 Egyptian entrepreneurs. The analysis shows that there is a
significant relationship between emotional intelligence and new venture creation. There are
three constructs of EI (interpersonal skills, internal motivation and self-awareness), which
support the creation of new ventures.
The results of the empirical study are validated using demographic characteristics (age and
gender) and the motivation of entrepreneurship (necessity-driven or opportunity-driven).
The findings show that age has a moderating effect on the relationship between EI and NVC,
whereas gender does not play a role in this relationship. There are differences in the
relationship between emotional intelligence and new venture creation based on the
motivation to engage in entrepreneurship. Although the relationship is significant in the
cases of both necessity-driven and opportunity-driven entrepreneurs, the dimensions/
constructs of EI that support the new venture creation are different in each case.
© 2017 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Holy Spirit
University of Kaslik.
venture creation (NVC). A self-administered questionnaire is used to test the study
hypothesis on a sample of 378 Egyptian entrepreneurs. The analysis shows that there is a
significant relationship between emotional intelligence and new venture creation. There are
three constructs of EI (interpersonal skills, internal motivation and self-awareness), which
support the creation of new ventures.
The results of the empirical study are validated using demographic characteristics (age and
gender) and the motivation of entrepreneurship (necessity-driven or opportunity-driven).
The findings show that age has a moderating effect on the relationship between EI and NVC,
whereas gender does not play a role in this relationship. There are differences in the
relationship between emotional intelligence and new venture creation based on the
motivation to engage in entrepreneurship. Although the relationship is significant in the
cases of both necessity-driven and opportunity-driven entrepreneurs, the dimensions/
constructs of EI that support the new venture creation are different in each case.
© 2017 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Holy Spirit
University of Kaslik.