Noora Lori

Boston University, Frederick S. Pardee School of Global Studies, Faculty Member

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Noora Lori is an Assistant Professor of International Relations at the Pardee School of Global Studies, Boston University.
Address: http://www.bu.edu/pardeeschool/academics/faculty/alphabetical/noora-lori/

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Josiah Heyman

University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP)

Andreas Umland

National University of "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy"

Nikos Passas

Northeastern University

David Seamon

Kansas State University

Nina Glick Schiller

The University of Manchester

Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

francesco clementi

Università degli Studi "La Sapienza" di Roma

Nando Sigona

University of Birmingham

Mustafa Aydin

Kadir Has University

Mauro Grondona

University of Genova

InterestsView All (15)

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Talks by Noora Lori

Offshore Citizenship: A Market Solution to the 'Problem' of Migrant Incorporation

The speaker will be presenting a microhistory of one man's journey as a twice-denaturalized citiz... more

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"A Global Look at Migration" Just Business, Ethics Matters, Carnegie Council

http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/resources/audio/data/000730

Papers by Noora Lori

Migration and Displacement

The Political Science of the Middle East

This chapter shows why the large-scale movement of human populations in the MENA has manifest imp... more This chapter shows why the large-scale movement of human populations in the MENA has manifest importance to states and societies across the region. Whether driven by economic concerns, violence, or some combination of the two, the migration of peoples—which, in its most tragic form, produces refugee crises—has become an indelible part of the regional landscape. The chapter traces the history of such migration prior to the Arab uprisings and locates the applicability of outside literatures to help understand the experiences of migrants and refugees. Research on the relationship between conflict and migration, labor migration, state-level governance of migration, global governance and international institutions, and the nexus between diasporas and states all receive close attention. The ethics of studying displaced communities also invokes discussion. Key debates, notable cases, and avenues for future research are hence mapped out in systematic detail.

Migration and Displacement

The Political Science of the Middle East

Migration and Integration: The Case for Liberalism with Borders. By Tom Farer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 212p. $84.99 cloth, $28.99 paper

Perspectives on Politics, 2020

We first advance a mathematical novelty that the three geometrically and topologically distinct o... more We first advance a mathematical novelty that the three geometrically and topologically distinct objects mentioned in the title can be exactly obtained from the Jordan frame vacuum Brans I solution by a combination of coordinate transformations, trigonometric identities and complex Wick rotation. Next, we study their respective accretion properties using the Page-Thorne model which studies accretion properties exclusively for r ≥ rms (the minimally stable radius of particle orbits), while the radii of singularity/ throat/ horizon r < rms. Also, its Page-Thorne efficiency ǫ is found to increase with decreasing rms and also yields ǫ = 0.0572 for Schwarzschild black hole (SBH). But in the singular limit r → rs (radius of singularity), we have ǫ → 1 giving rise to 100% efficiency in agreement with the efficiency of the naked singularity constructed in [10]. We show that the differential accretion luminosity dL∞ d ln r of Buchdahl naked singularity (BNS) is always substantially larger than that of SBH, while Eddington luminosity at infinity L ∞ Edd for BNS could be arbitrarily large at r → rs due to the scalar field φ that is defined in (rs, ∞). It is concluded that BNS accretion profiles can still be higher than those of regular objects in the universe.

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National Security and the Management of Migrant Labor: A Case Study of the United Arab Emirates

Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 2011

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Statelessness, ‘In-Between’ Statuses, and Precarious Citizenship

Oxford Handbooks Online, 2017

This chapter explains why a growing number of people across the globe experience precarious citiz... more This chapter explains why a growing number of people across the globe experience precarious citizenship--they cannot gain access to secure and permanent legal statuses for protracted periods. Ambiguous and temporary legal statuses are spreading because they represent a strategic government response to avoid resolving dilemmas about citizenship (especially questions about the incorporation of minorities, refugees, or labor migrants) by postponing those decisions, perhaps indefinitely. Moreover, the very processes of boundary-enforcement (biometric IDs and deportations) have pulled more people into the documentary power of the state without providing them a secure place within it. Four categories are discussed: 1) individuals who cannot obtain national identity documents and become stateless; 2) individuals who may have identity documents but lack residency authorization and become ‘illegal’; and a spectrum of groups with temporary statuses that are neither stateless nor fully unautho...

Possible Citizens: Migration Enforcement as the Performance of Citizenship in the United Arab Emirates

International Migration Review

While most boundary-making studies examine native-born citizens’ opposition to immigration, this ... more While most boundary-making studies examine native-born citizens’ opposition to immigration, this article explains why immigrants develop anti-immigrant attitudes. Under what conditions do previous generations of immigrants develop solidarity with newcomers? When might immigrants, instead, police national boundaries and oppose further immigration or naturalization? I argue that under uncertain citizenship status, long-term immigrants are unlikely to develop solidarity with newcomers, despite common experience with exclusionary citizenship policies. Drawing on interviews with naturalization applicants in the United Arab Emirates, this article analyses how policies that unevenly distribute rights and protections to non-citizens structure relationships between immigrant groups. Moving beyond citizen/non-citizen binaries, it calls attention to hierarchies among non-citizens, examining how long-term immigrants with partial and conditional rights police national boundaries to navigate excl...

Possible Citizens: Migration Enforcement as the Performance of Citizenship in the United Arab Emirates

<jats:p> While most boundary-making studies examine native-born citizens' opposition to... more <jats:p> While most boundary-making studies examine native-born citizens' opposition to immigration, this article explains why immigrants develop anti-immigrant attitudes. Under what conditions do previous generations of immigrants develop solidarity with newcomers? When might immigrants, instead, police national boundaries and oppose further immigration or naturalization? I argue that under uncertain citizenship status, long-term immigrants are unlikely to develop solidarity with newcomers, despite common experience with exclusionary citizenship policies. Drawing on interviews with naturalization applicants in the United Arab Emirates, this article analyses how policies that unevenly distribute rights and protections to non-citizens structure relationships between immigrant groups. Moving beyond citizen/non-citizen binaries, it calls attention to hierarchies among non-citizens, examining how long-term immigrants with partial and conditional rights police national boundaries to navigate exclusionary policies. When states restrict citizenship, making it a scarce good, immigrants may respond to uncertainty by competing and, thus, limiting access to that good for newcomers. When naturalization is arduous, applicants face pressures to continually perform citizenship to prove that they deserve inclusion. Naturalization applicants lacked citizenship, but they immigrated to the UAE before the establishment of its guest-worker program and claimed Emirati identity by differentiating themselves from "migrant workers." I show how migration enforcement and boundary-policing factored into their perceptions and performances of what it meant to be a "good" Emirati citizen. Ethnic hierarchies and the timing of migration created distinctions between immigrants eligible for naturalization and those who were not. The mere possibility of inclusion in the citizenry may generate hierarchies between immigrants, precluding solidarity, and encouraging boundary-policing. </jats:p>

OUP accepted manuscript

Journal of Global Security Studies, 2020

Population movements have causes and consequences for both global security and the economic and s... more Population movements have causes and consequences for both global security and the economic and security considerations of states. Migration itself is inexorably intertwined with global security outcomes, in the form of instability, state fragility, transnational terrorism and crime, and the radicalization (or perceived radicalization) of migrants and host societies. While modern states may have monopolized the authority over legitimate movement, they have never fully captured the management and enforcement of migration flows. Instead, market actors play key roles in determining migration outcomes—including the scale, direction, and violence associated with migration flows. Migration outcomes are, thus, critically constituted by two key forces—the security priorities of states and the complementary and competing forces of privatization and profit-making. While market forces undermine state control over migration, states have buffered and further consolidated their power over mobilit...

Identity Regularization and Passport Outsourcing: Turning Minorities into Foreigners

Offshore Citizens

This chapter explains how migration and security come to be interlinked in the UAE, illustrating ... more This chapter explains how migration and security come to be interlinked in the UAE, illustrating why it becomes increasingly difficult to inhabit an ambiguous legal status over time. While the precise contours of the citizenry were left unresolved as the UAE became an independent state in 1971, the federal authority’s prerogatives quickly shifted after national independence to focus on newer flows of noncitizens – “guest workers.” From early on in the UAE’s history as an independent state, massive influxes of migrant workers led ruling elites to allocate significant resources toward securitizing national boundaries at the territorial borders and inside the state. It may have been the national dilemma (contestations over who is a citizen) that led to the creation of a gray zone of people, but it is the security dilemma (the mobilization of resources toward documenting the entire population and checking legal statuses at all times) that makes precarious citizenship real. As a vast network of private and public institutions that check identity documents in the UAE was built over time, it has become increasingly difficult for anyone with an ambiguous citizenship status to continue living and working in the state.

A Political Economy of Global Security Approach to Migration and Border Control

Journal of Global Security Studies, 2020

Migration, time, and the shift toward autocracy

Unsettling State: Non-Citizens, Citizenship and State Power in the United Arab Emirates

Offshore Citizens

The situation of governments saying neither ‘yes’ nor ‘no’ to requests for membership in their ci... more The situation of governments saying neither ‘yes’ nor ‘no’ to requests for membership in their citizenry bodies is the lived experience for many in the Gulf region of the Middle East. With naturalisation possibilities restrictively managed, many are left to wait almost indefinitely. Indeed, a peculiar characteristic in several of the relatively newly-founded Gulf states is that non-citizens far outnumber citizens of the country. For instance, in the United Arab Emirates (‘UAE’), which became an independent state in 1971, non-citizens account for almost 90 per cent of the total resident population. Largely excluded from formal integration, guest workers and domestic minorities can thus sometimes find that temporary residency becomes a permanent legal status. What then motivates political elites to enact policies that defer the outcomes of naturalisation and legal integration processes and leave significant sections of the population in a state of limbo? This riddle is one of the intr...

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Citizens-in-waiting: strategic naturalization delays in the USA and UAE

Ethnic and Racial Studies, 2021

Migration and Integration: The Case for Liberalism with Borders. By Tom Farer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 212p. $84.99 cloth, $28.99 paper

Perspectives on Politics

relevant as well. On the whole, this is an important book that is a welcome addition to the ongoi... more relevant as well. On the whole, this is an important book that is a welcome addition to the ongoing research on reputation and foreign policy, while also having important policy implications. In addition to its novel theoretical contribution, Lupton's study is also valuable in demonstrating the validity of a multimethod approach through her wellcrafted qualitative and experimental research design. As such, Reputation for Resolve should have a strong appeal to diverse audiences, ranging from scholars and students of international politics to the broader policy community.

Muddying the waters: migration management in the global commons

International Relations

Advanced liberal democratic states interdict migrants on the High Seas global commons. Why have l... more Advanced liberal democratic states interdict migrants on the High Seas global commons. Why have liberal states engaged in this practice over the past four decades? Deterrence and humanitarian rescue explain part of this puzzle, but they are insufficient for understanding the patterns and justifications for migrant interdiction on the High Seas. Tension between states promoting international human rights and circumventing those obligations challenges expectations of liberal state behavior. International relations scholars must incorporate the global commons when explaining state behavior; ungoverned areas create exceptional zones for states to partially suspend their standard operating procedures to execute policies furthering their interests. We argue that liberal states use the regulatory gray zones of the High Seas to ‘muddy the waters’ in order to advance their security interests. States with the highest domestic refugee protections have incentives to circumvent their own obligat...

Time and its Miscounting: Methodological Challenges in the Study of Citizenship Boundaries

International Journal of Middle East Studies

One would think that, after years of fieldwork and writing, I would be able to answer a pretty si... more One would think that, after years of fieldwork and writing, I would be able to answer a pretty simple and straightforward question about who exactly I interviewed for my study of citizenship boundaries in the UAE: “Do you have any notion of the proportions [of interlocuters] of the different ethnic or descent lines that you spoke to?” This essay is about why it is so difficult to answer this question and the insights into citizenship that unfolded as I searched for an empirical answer. Spoiler alert: Answers to questions about “national” or “ethnic” origin are entirely dependent upon how we count—and miscount—time.

Statelessness, 'In-Between' Statuses, and Precarious Citizenship

Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, 2017

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Offshore Citizenship: A Market Solution to the 'Problem' of Migrant Incorporation

The speaker will be presenting a microhistory of one man's journey as a twice-denaturalized citiz... more

Download

"A Global Look at Migration" Just Business, Ethics Matters, Carnegie Council

http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/resources/audio/data/000730

Migration and Displacement

The Political Science of the Middle East

Migration and Displacement

The Political Science of the Middle East

Migration and Integration: The Case for Liberalism with Borders. By Tom Farer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 212p. $84.99 cloth, $28.99 paper

Perspectives on Politics, 2020

Download

National Security and the Management of Migrant Labor: A Case Study of the United Arab Emirates

Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 2011

Download

Statelessness, ‘In-Between’ Statuses, and Precarious Citizenship

Oxford Handbooks Online, 2017

Possible Citizens: Migration Enforcement as the Performance of Citizenship in the United Arab Emirates

International Migration Review

Possible Citizens: Migration Enforcement as the Performance of Citizenship in the United Arab Emirates

OUP accepted manuscript

Journal of Global Security Studies, 2020

Identity Regularization and Passport Outsourcing: Turning Minorities into Foreigners

Offshore Citizens

A Political Economy of Global Security Approach to Migration and Border Control

Journal of Global Security Studies, 2020

Migration, time, and the shift toward autocracy

Unsettling State: Non-Citizens, Citizenship and State Power in the United Arab Emirates

Offshore Citizens

Download

Citizens-in-waiting: strategic naturalization delays in the USA and UAE

Ethnic and Racial Studies, 2021

Migration and Integration: The Case for Liberalism with Borders. By Tom Farer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. 212p. $84.99 cloth, $28.99 paper

Perspectives on Politics

Muddying the waters: migration management in the global commons

International Relations

Time and its Miscounting: Methodological Challenges in the Study of Citizenship Boundaries

International Journal of Middle East Studies

Statelessness, 'In-Between' Statuses, and Precarious Citizenship

Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, 2017

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National Security and the Management of Migrant Labor: A Case Study of the United Arab Emirates

Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 2011

This article examines the main institutional developments that have accompanied the economic and ... more This article examines the main institutional developments that have accompanied the economic and political changes in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the past twenty years. In particular, the different agencies of the UAE's Ministry of Interior have taken active roles in responding to the demographic changes and in developing preemptive policing strategies that include community policing, extensive surveillance networks, and increasingly individualized and standardized forms of identification. The paper assesses how that institutional growth has shaped the way the UAE has come to manage its guest worker program over time. It explains how the security apparatus is deployed by the state for managing the criminal and cultural impact of expatriates on the national body politic. On 20 January 2010, Mr. Mahmoud al Mabhouh, a founder of the Hamas military wing, was found dead in his room at the Al Bustan Rotana in Dubai, hours after arriving in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Within a matter of weeks, the Dubai police released the names, pictures and passport copies of the 26 assassins and produced dramatic footage of the hourly breakdown of the incident (Issa, 2010). But perhaps more striking than the assassins' careful

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Book Review of Vora's "Impossible Citizens"

Middle East Journal , 2013

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