const references Articles

Advanced C++ References and Pointers

2026-01-18 by boardor

1. Basics of Pointers A pointer is a variable that stores a memory address. Pointer definition and initialization:int *p = &a; Pointer operations:++, –, +n, -n The relationship between pointers and arrays: the name of the array is the address of the first element. Exercise: Swap Two Values After swap1: x=10, y=20 After swap2: x=20, … Read more

C++ Learning Manual – Differences Between References (int& ref) and Pointers

2026-01-09 by boardor

In C++, both pointers and references are powerful tools for indirectly accessing and manipulating data. Although they share similarities, their design philosophies and usage are quite different. Understanding these differences is crucial for writing efficient and safe C++ code. Let us delve into the key distinctions between references (int& ref) and pointers. Basic Concept Analysis … Read more

Do C++ References Actually Consume Memory? Don’t Be Deceived by ‘Zero Overhead’!

2026-01-05 by boardor

C++ references are often touted as “zero-cost abstractions,” with some claiming they “consume no memory at all.” But is this really an absolute truth? Today, I will delve into the truth about references from the perspective of compiler implementation. 📚 The C++ Knowledge Base is now live on ima! The current content covered by the … Read more

Functions in C++

2025-12-22 by boardor

Function Parameters Parameter Type Function Does Not Need to Modify Actual Parameter Function Needs to Modify Actual Parameter Basic Data Types Pass by Value Reference or Pointer Arrays const Pointer Pointer Structures const Pointer or const Reference Reference or Pointer Class Objects const Reference or const Pointer Reference or Pointer The above are just guidelines; … Read more