The article aims to evaluate the current state of sexual and reproductive health policy regarding... more The article aims to evaluate the current state of sexual and reproductive health policy regarding sexual and reproductive health service and reproductive rights for most at risk adolescent/youth. The training of trainers and local trainings present the nature of major challenges in service provision and the quality of services in the light of findings from international trainings conducted in Turkey and Tajikistan. The process of course development and feedback from participants was in focus of attention. The major findings of the study show that the past 10 years have seen unprecedented commitments to global health and development became known as the Millennium Development Goals with their corresponding set of time-bound targets. Greater attention to adolescence Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights is needed if global health targets are to be met. However, for specific target group as most-at-risk adolescents and young people the access to the quality comprehensive package of reproductive health services is not reality yet. In this article we present the most-at-risk adolescent/young people trends, health service needs and in service trainings on providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights in the Eastern European and Central Asia countries based on official bodies statements, researchers evidences and acquired experience. The main conclusion is that healthcare providers and services providers, those who work with most-at-risk populations, vulnerable groups of young people, have to be trained to be able to meet the specific needs of most-at-risk adolescents and young people, to respond to their needs and to ensure sexual and reproductive health services and rights. These special trainings are definitely relevant to target populations, especially most at risk adolescents and young people in the Eastern European and Central Asia Region.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the sexual and reproductive health needs, barriers... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the sexual and reproductive health needs, barriers to accessing services as well as the expectations of the youth who do not use the services provided by the Youth Counseling and Health Service Centres in Ankara Province, Turkey.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on the results of 12 focus group discussions conducted with young people in the 8th (14‐ to 15‐year‐old) and 12th (aged 17‐ to 18‐year‐old) grades who are not service users.FindingsThe findings suggest that gender, socio‐economic level of the family, religion, the condition of the facilities and the visibility of the centres are factors affecting service usage.Originality/valueThe paper analyses factors that affect the use of services, such as male vs female, primary school vs high school, centre vs periphery, and shows how religion, region, gender, education and socio‐economic dimensions have to be taken into account in understanding the sensitivity of sexuality‐rel...
This paper describes the funding landscape for population assistance, using data collected by the... more This paper describes the funding landscape for population assistance, using data collected by the Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI) and published by UNFPA. It describes trends in donor assistance and in Turkey's domestic spending on population and reproductive health activities. It addresses policy makers, programme managers, and other decision makers involved in health care and health systems reform in Turkey.
The purpose of this training-of-trainers (ToT) manual on comprehensive SRHR of most-at-risk adole... more The purpose of this training-of-trainers (ToT) manual on comprehensive SRHR of most-at-risk adolescents and young people is to enable trainers to build the professional skills of their national counterparts to provide quality services to targeted populations according to recognized standards and to disseminate knowledge in the region.
Young people aged 10–24 years constitute one-quarter of the world’s population, and because of a ... more Young people aged 10–24 years constitute one-quarter of the world’s population, and because of a lack of life experience and risk behaviour, they are among those most affected by the global HIV epidemic. Addressing the sexual and reproductive health and rights of adolescents/young people is a global responsibility. During recent decades, with the purpose of achieving the Millennium Development Goals, sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) services have been considerably improved in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) region. However, most-at-risk adolescents and young people (MARA and MARYP) are still not the focus of medical professionals, and their access to health care is still being discussed. Access to improved skills is only effective if it promotes learning. We know that there is a solid body of knowledge concerning how we learn, the different processes involved and significant factors that affect learning. This knowledge can increasingly contribute to all aspects of teaching and course planning. The purpose of national training on comprehensive SRHR for most-at-risk adolescents and young people is to enable trainers to improve the professional skills of their national counterparts so that they can provide quality services to targeted populations according to recognized standards and to disseminate knowledge in their respective region.
The article aims to evaluate the current state of sexual and reproductive health policy regarding... more The article aims to evaluate the current state of sexual and reproductive health policy regarding sexual and reproductive health service and reproductive rights for most at risk adolescent/youth. The training of trainers and local trainings present the nature of major challenges in service provision and the quality of services in the light of findings from international trainings conducted in Turkey and Tajikistan. The process of course development and feedback from participants was in focus of attention. The major findings of the study show that the past 10 years have seen unprecedented commitments to global health and development became known as the Millennium Development Goals with their corresponding set of time-bound targets. Greater attention to adolescence Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights is needed if global health targets are to be met. However, for specific target group as most-at-risk adolescents and young people the access to the quality comprehensive package of reproductive health services is not reality yet. In this article we present the most-at-risk adolescent/young people trends, health service needs and in service trainings on providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights in the Eastern European and Central Asia countries based on official bodies statements, researchers evidences and acquired experience. The main conclusion is that healthcare providers and services providers, those who work with most-at-risk populations, vulnerable groups of young people, have to be trained to be able to meet the specific needs of most-at-risk adolescents and young people, to respond to their needs and to ensure sexual and reproductive health services and rights. These special trainings are definitely relevant to target populations, especially most at risk adolescents and young people in the Eastern European and Central Asia Region.
This paper describes the funding landscape for population assistance, using data collected by the... more This paper describes the funding landscape for population assistance, using data collected by the Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI) and published by UNFPA. It describes trends in donor assistance and in Turkey's domestic spending on population and reproductive health activities. It addresses policy makers, programme managers, and other decision makers involved in health care and health systems reform in Turkey.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the sexual and reproductive health needs, barri... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the sexual and reproductive health needs, barriers to accessing services as well as the expectations of the youth who do not use the services provided by the Youth Counseling and Health Service Centres in Ankara Province, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on the results of 12 focus group discussions conducted with young people in the 8th (14- to 15-year-old) and 12th (aged 17- to 18-year-old) grades who are not service users. Findings – The findings suggest that gender, socio-economic level of the family, religion, the condition of the facilities and the visibility of the centres are factors affecting service usage. Originality/value – The paper analyses factors that affect the use of services, such as male vs female, primary school vs high school, centre vs periphery, and shows how religion, region, gender, education and socio-economic dimensions have to be taken into account in understanding the sensitivity of sexuality-related issues among adolescents. Keywords Adolescents, Sexual and reproductive health, In-depth interview, Schools, Turkey Paper type Research paper
ABSTRACT
Sexual health and reproductive health are relatively
new concepts in Europe. They were i... more ABSTRACT Sexual health and reproductive health are relatively new concepts in Europe. They were introduced and recommended during and after the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo, 1994. At the ICPD a 20-year Programme of Action was adopted by the vast majority of world states. This article is an edited version of the European Forum for Primary Care (EFPC) position paper on the potential role of primary health care (PHC) in the field of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in Europe. The EFPC commissioned two European SRH experts to set out its position on the subject, which is presented here. The experts were assisted by a working group of eight European SRH and PHC experts from six countries, while the WHO Regional Office for Europe and the WHO Reproductive Health and Research Department at the organisation’s Geneva office provided valuable support and input during the process of developing this position paper. Because both these concepts, i.e. SRH and PHC, are often poorly understood, their meaning and substance are explained in some detail. For a variety of reasons SRH should be a primary responsibility of PHC and it should be approached as one integrated field of health care. In actual practice, SRH is very differently organised across Europe and in many cases poorly integrated in PHC. SRH care is often fragmented, not easily accessible, of poor quality and needlessly expensive. It is therefore recommended that SRH care is better integrated in PHC, and that it meets a variety of quality criteria. Keywords: Europe, healthcare system, primary health care, reproductive health, sexual health
Lung cancer is by far the most common cancer among men and it is in first place in the world and ... more Lung cancer is by far the most common cancer among men and it is in first place in the world and in Turkey (1,2,3). Approxima-tely 10 000 cases of lung cancer occur every year in Turkey (1). It is well known that smoking is the major attributable risk factor of lung cancer (4). ...
Beslenme, bireylerin yaşamlarını sağlıklı olarak sürdürebilmeleri için temel bir gereksinimdir Ma... more Beslenme, bireylerin yaşamlarını sağlıklı olarak sürdürebilmeleri için temel bir gereksinimdir Malnutrisyon, besin olarak vücudun ihtiyacı ile alına.
Beslenme, bireylerin yaşamlarını sağlıklı olarak sürdürebilmeleri için temel bir gereksinimdir Ma... more Beslenme, bireylerin yaşamlarını sağlıklı olarak sürdürebilmeleri için temel bir gereksinimdir Malnutrisyon, besin olarak vücudun ihtiyacı ile alınan miktar arasındaki dengesizlikten oluşan beslenme eksikliği veya fazlalığı şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Dünyada 5 yaş altında yaklaşık ...
Çocukluk Çağı Kanserleri (Ç.Ç.K.) tüm kanserler içerisinde %2 oranında görülür. 15 yaş altındaki ... more Çocukluk Çağı Kanserleri (Ç.Ç.K.) tüm kanserler içerisinde %2 oranında görülür. 15 yaş altındaki tüm çocukluk çağı içerisinde rastlanılan ölümlerin %10'u ÇÇK nedeni iledir.
The article aims to evaluate the current state of sexual and reproductive health policy regarding... more The article aims to evaluate the current state of sexual and reproductive health policy regarding sexual and reproductive health service and reproductive rights for most at risk adolescent/youth. The training of trainers and local trainings present the nature of major challenges in service provision and the quality of services in the light of findings from international trainings conducted in Turkey and Tajikistan. The process of course development and feedback from participants was in focus of attention. The major findings of the study show that the past 10 years have seen unprecedented commitments to global health and development became known as the Millennium Development Goals with their corresponding set of time-bound targets. Greater attention to adolescence Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights is needed if global health targets are to be met. However, for specific target group as most-at-risk adolescents and young people the access to the quality comprehensive package of reproductive health services is not reality yet. In this article we present the most-at-risk adolescent/young people trends, health service needs and in service trainings on providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights in the Eastern European and Central Asia countries based on official bodies statements, researchers evidences and acquired experience. The main conclusion is that healthcare providers and services providers, those who work with most-at-risk populations, vulnerable groups of young people, have to be trained to be able to meet the specific needs of most-at-risk adolescents and young people, to respond to their needs and to ensure sexual and reproductive health services and rights. These special trainings are definitely relevant to target populations, especially most at risk adolescents and young people in the Eastern European and Central Asia Region.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the sexual and reproductive health needs, barriers... more PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the sexual and reproductive health needs, barriers to accessing services as well as the expectations of the youth who do not use the services provided by the Youth Counseling and Health Service Centres in Ankara Province, Turkey.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on the results of 12 focus group discussions conducted with young people in the 8th (14‐ to 15‐year‐old) and 12th (aged 17‐ to 18‐year‐old) grades who are not service users.FindingsThe findings suggest that gender, socio‐economic level of the family, religion, the condition of the facilities and the visibility of the centres are factors affecting service usage.Originality/valueThe paper analyses factors that affect the use of services, such as male vs female, primary school vs high school, centre vs periphery, and shows how religion, region, gender, education and socio‐economic dimensions have to be taken into account in understanding the sensitivity of sexuality‐rel...
This paper describes the funding landscape for population assistance, using data collected by the... more This paper describes the funding landscape for population assistance, using data collected by the Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI) and published by UNFPA. It describes trends in donor assistance and in Turkey's domestic spending on population and reproductive health activities. It addresses policy makers, programme managers, and other decision makers involved in health care and health systems reform in Turkey.
The purpose of this training-of-trainers (ToT) manual on comprehensive SRHR of most-at-risk adole... more The purpose of this training-of-trainers (ToT) manual on comprehensive SRHR of most-at-risk adolescents and young people is to enable trainers to build the professional skills of their national counterparts to provide quality services to targeted populations according to recognized standards and to disseminate knowledge in the region.
Young people aged 10–24 years constitute one-quarter of the world’s population, and because of a ... more Young people aged 10–24 years constitute one-quarter of the world’s population, and because of a lack of life experience and risk behaviour, they are among those most affected by the global HIV epidemic. Addressing the sexual and reproductive health and rights of adolescents/young people is a global responsibility. During recent decades, with the purpose of achieving the Millennium Development Goals, sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) services have been considerably improved in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) region. However, most-at-risk adolescents and young people (MARA and MARYP) are still not the focus of medical professionals, and their access to health care is still being discussed. Access to improved skills is only effective if it promotes learning. We know that there is a solid body of knowledge concerning how we learn, the different processes involved and significant factors that affect learning. This knowledge can increasingly contribute to all aspects of teaching and course planning. The purpose of national training on comprehensive SRHR for most-at-risk adolescents and young people is to enable trainers to improve the professional skills of their national counterparts so that they can provide quality services to targeted populations according to recognized standards and to disseminate knowledge in their respective region.
The article aims to evaluate the current state of sexual and reproductive health policy regarding... more The article aims to evaluate the current state of sexual and reproductive health policy regarding sexual and reproductive health service and reproductive rights for most at risk adolescent/youth. The training of trainers and local trainings present the nature of major challenges in service provision and the quality of services in the light of findings from international trainings conducted in Turkey and Tajikistan. The process of course development and feedback from participants was in focus of attention. The major findings of the study show that the past 10 years have seen unprecedented commitments to global health and development became known as the Millennium Development Goals with their corresponding set of time-bound targets. Greater attention to adolescence Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights is needed if global health targets are to be met. However, for specific target group as most-at-risk adolescents and young people the access to the quality comprehensive package of reproductive health services is not reality yet. In this article we present the most-at-risk adolescent/young people trends, health service needs and in service trainings on providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights in the Eastern European and Central Asia countries based on official bodies statements, researchers evidences and acquired experience. The main conclusion is that healthcare providers and services providers, those who work with most-at-risk populations, vulnerable groups of young people, have to be trained to be able to meet the specific needs of most-at-risk adolescents and young people, to respond to their needs and to ensure sexual and reproductive health services and rights. These special trainings are definitely relevant to target populations, especially most at risk adolescents and young people in the Eastern European and Central Asia Region.
This paper describes the funding landscape for population assistance, using data collected by the... more This paper describes the funding landscape for population assistance, using data collected by the Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI) and published by UNFPA. It describes trends in donor assistance and in Turkey's domestic spending on population and reproductive health activities. It addresses policy makers, programme managers, and other decision makers involved in health care and health systems reform in Turkey.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the sexual and reproductive health needs, barri... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the sexual and reproductive health needs, barriers to accessing services as well as the expectations of the youth who do not use the services provided by the Youth Counseling and Health Service Centres in Ankara Province, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on the results of 12 focus group discussions conducted with young people in the 8th (14- to 15-year-old) and 12th (aged 17- to 18-year-old) grades who are not service users. Findings – The findings suggest that gender, socio-economic level of the family, religion, the condition of the facilities and the visibility of the centres are factors affecting service usage. Originality/value – The paper analyses factors that affect the use of services, such as male vs female, primary school vs high school, centre vs periphery, and shows how religion, region, gender, education and socio-economic dimensions have to be taken into account in understanding the sensitivity of sexuality-related issues among adolescents. Keywords Adolescents, Sexual and reproductive health, In-depth interview, Schools, Turkey Paper type Research paper
ABSTRACT
Sexual health and reproductive health are relatively
new concepts in Europe. They were i... more ABSTRACT Sexual health and reproductive health are relatively new concepts in Europe. They were introduced and recommended during and after the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo, 1994. At the ICPD a 20-year Programme of Action was adopted by the vast majority of world states. This article is an edited version of the European Forum for Primary Care (EFPC) position paper on the potential role of primary health care (PHC) in the field of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in Europe. The EFPC commissioned two European SRH experts to set out its position on the subject, which is presented here. The experts were assisted by a working group of eight European SRH and PHC experts from six countries, while the WHO Regional Office for Europe and the WHO Reproductive Health and Research Department at the organisation’s Geneva office provided valuable support and input during the process of developing this position paper. Because both these concepts, i.e. SRH and PHC, are often poorly understood, their meaning and substance are explained in some detail. For a variety of reasons SRH should be a primary responsibility of PHC and it should be approached as one integrated field of health care. In actual practice, SRH is very differently organised across Europe and in many cases poorly integrated in PHC. SRH care is often fragmented, not easily accessible, of poor quality and needlessly expensive. It is therefore recommended that SRH care is better integrated in PHC, and that it meets a variety of quality criteria. Keywords: Europe, healthcare system, primary health care, reproductive health, sexual health
Lung cancer is by far the most common cancer among men and it is in first place in the world and ... more Lung cancer is by far the most common cancer among men and it is in first place in the world and in Turkey (1,2,3). Approxima-tely 10 000 cases of lung cancer occur every year in Turkey (1). It is well known that smoking is the major attributable risk factor of lung cancer (4). ...
Beslenme, bireylerin yaşamlarını sağlıklı olarak sürdürebilmeleri için temel bir gereksinimdir Ma... more Beslenme, bireylerin yaşamlarını sağlıklı olarak sürdürebilmeleri için temel bir gereksinimdir Malnutrisyon, besin olarak vücudun ihtiyacı ile alına.
Beslenme, bireylerin yaşamlarını sağlıklı olarak sürdürebilmeleri için temel bir gereksinimdir Ma... more Beslenme, bireylerin yaşamlarını sağlıklı olarak sürdürebilmeleri için temel bir gereksinimdir Malnutrisyon, besin olarak vücudun ihtiyacı ile alınan miktar arasındaki dengesizlikten oluşan beslenme eksikliği veya fazlalığı şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Dünyada 5 yaş altında yaklaşık ...
Çocukluk Çağı Kanserleri (Ç.Ç.K.) tüm kanserler içerisinde %2 oranında görülür. 15 yaş altındaki ... more Çocukluk Çağı Kanserleri (Ç.Ç.K.) tüm kanserler içerisinde %2 oranında görülür. 15 yaş altındaki tüm çocukluk çağı içerisinde rastlanılan ölümlerin %10'u ÇÇK nedeni iledir.
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Papers by Aysegul Esin
people is to enable trainers to build the professional skills of their national counterparts to provide quality services to
targeted populations according to recognized standards and to disseminate knowledge in the region.
and risk behaviour, they are among those most affected by the global HIV epidemic. Addressing the sexual and reproductive
health and rights of adolescents/young people is a global responsibility. During recent decades, with the purpose of achieving
the Millennium Development Goals, sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) services have been considerably
improved in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) region. However, most-at-risk adolescents and young people
(MARA and MARYP) are still not the focus of medical professionals, and their access to health care is still being discussed.
Access to improved skills is only effective if it promotes learning.
We know that there is a solid body of knowledge concerning how we learn, the different processes involved and significant
factors that affect learning. This knowledge can increasingly contribute to all aspects of teaching and course planning.
The purpose of national training on comprehensive SRHR for most-at-risk adolescents and young people is to enable
trainers to improve the professional skills of their national counterparts so that they can provide quality services to targeted
populations according to recognized standards and to disseminate knowledge in their respective region.
reproductive health service and reproductive rights for most at risk adolescent/youth. The training of trainers and
local trainings present the nature of major challenges in service provision and the quality of services in the light of
findings from international trainings conducted in Turkey and Tajikistan. The process of course development and
feedback from participants was in focus of attention. The major findings of the study show that the past 10 years
have seen unprecedented commitments to global health and development became known as the Millennium
Development Goals with their corresponding set of time-bound targets. Greater attention to adolescence Sexual and
Reproductive Health and Rights is needed if global health targets are to be met. However, for specific target group
as most-at-risk adolescents and young people the access to the quality comprehensive package of reproductive
health services is not reality yet. In this article we present the most-at-risk adolescent/young people trends, health
service needs and in service trainings on providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights in the
Eastern European and Central Asia countries based on official bodies statements, researchers evidences and
acquired experience. The main conclusion is that healthcare providers and services providers, those who work with
most-at-risk populations, vulnerable groups of young people, have to be trained to be able to meet the specific
needs of most-at-risk adolescents and young people, to respond to their needs and to ensure sexual and
reproductive health services and rights. These special trainings are definitely relevant to target populations,
especially most at risk adolescents and young people in the Eastern European and Central Asia Region.
accessing services as well as the expectations of the youth who do not use the services provided by the
Youth Counseling and Health Service Centres in Ankara Province, Turkey.
Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on the results of 12 focus group discussions
conducted with young people in the 8th (14- to 15-year-old) and 12th (aged 17- to 18-year-old) grades
who are not service users.
Findings – The findings suggest that gender, socio-economic level of the family, religion, the condition
of the facilities and the visibility of the centres are factors affecting service usage.
Originality/value – The paper analyses factors that affect the use of services, such as male vs female,
primary school vs high school, centre vs periphery, and shows how religion, region, gender, education
and socio-economic dimensions have to be taken into account in understanding the sensitivity of
sexuality-related issues among adolescents.
Keywords Adolescents, Sexual and reproductive health, In-depth interview, Schools, Turkey
Paper type Research paper
Sexual health and reproductive health are relatively
new concepts in Europe. They were introduced and
recommended during and after the International Conference
on Population and Development (ICPD) in
Cairo, 1994. At the ICPD a 20-year Programme of
Action was adopted by the vast majority of world
states.
This article is an edited version of the European
Forum for Primary Care (EFPC) position paper on
the potential role of primary health care (PHC) in
the field of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in
Europe. The EFPC commissioned two European
SRH experts to set out its position on the subject,
which is presented here. The experts were assisted
by a working group of eight European SRH and
PHC experts from six countries, while the WHO
Regional Office for Europe and the WHO Reproductive
Health and Research Department at the
organisation’s Geneva office provided valuable
support and input during the process of developing
this position paper.
Because both these concepts, i.e. SRH and PHC,
are often poorly understood, their meaning and
substance are explained in some detail. For a variety
of reasons SRH should be a primary responsibility
of PHC and it should be approached as one integrated
field of health care. In actual practice, SRH is
very differently organised across Europe and in
many cases poorly integrated in PHC. SRH care is
often fragmented, not easily accessible, of poor quality
and needlessly expensive. It is therefore recommended
that SRH care is better integrated in
PHC, and that it meets a variety of quality criteria.
Keywords: Europe, healthcare system, primary
health care, reproductive health, sexual health
people is to enable trainers to build the professional skills of their national counterparts to provide quality services to
targeted populations according to recognized standards and to disseminate knowledge in the region.
and risk behaviour, they are among those most affected by the global HIV epidemic. Addressing the sexual and reproductive
health and rights of adolescents/young people is a global responsibility. During recent decades, with the purpose of achieving
the Millennium Development Goals, sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) services have been considerably
improved in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) region. However, most-at-risk adolescents and young people
(MARA and MARYP) are still not the focus of medical professionals, and their access to health care is still being discussed.
Access to improved skills is only effective if it promotes learning.
We know that there is a solid body of knowledge concerning how we learn, the different processes involved and significant
factors that affect learning. This knowledge can increasingly contribute to all aspects of teaching and course planning.
The purpose of national training on comprehensive SRHR for most-at-risk adolescents and young people is to enable
trainers to improve the professional skills of their national counterparts so that they can provide quality services to targeted
populations according to recognized standards and to disseminate knowledge in their respective region.
reproductive health service and reproductive rights for most at risk adolescent/youth. The training of trainers and
local trainings present the nature of major challenges in service provision and the quality of services in the light of
findings from international trainings conducted in Turkey and Tajikistan. The process of course development and
feedback from participants was in focus of attention. The major findings of the study show that the past 10 years
have seen unprecedented commitments to global health and development became known as the Millennium
Development Goals with their corresponding set of time-bound targets. Greater attention to adolescence Sexual and
Reproductive Health and Rights is needed if global health targets are to be met. However, for specific target group
as most-at-risk adolescents and young people the access to the quality comprehensive package of reproductive
health services is not reality yet. In this article we present the most-at-risk adolescent/young people trends, health
service needs and in service trainings on providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights in the
Eastern European and Central Asia countries based on official bodies statements, researchers evidences and
acquired experience. The main conclusion is that healthcare providers and services providers, those who work with
most-at-risk populations, vulnerable groups of young people, have to be trained to be able to meet the specific
needs of most-at-risk adolescents and young people, to respond to their needs and to ensure sexual and
reproductive health services and rights. These special trainings are definitely relevant to target populations,
especially most at risk adolescents and young people in the Eastern European and Central Asia Region.
accessing services as well as the expectations of the youth who do not use the services provided by the
Youth Counseling and Health Service Centres in Ankara Province, Turkey.
Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on the results of 12 focus group discussions
conducted with young people in the 8th (14- to 15-year-old) and 12th (aged 17- to 18-year-old) grades
who are not service users.
Findings – The findings suggest that gender, socio-economic level of the family, religion, the condition
of the facilities and the visibility of the centres are factors affecting service usage.
Originality/value – The paper analyses factors that affect the use of services, such as male vs female,
primary school vs high school, centre vs periphery, and shows how religion, region, gender, education
and socio-economic dimensions have to be taken into account in understanding the sensitivity of
sexuality-related issues among adolescents.
Keywords Adolescents, Sexual and reproductive health, In-depth interview, Schools, Turkey
Paper type Research paper
Sexual health and reproductive health are relatively
new concepts in Europe. They were introduced and
recommended during and after the International Conference
on Population and Development (ICPD) in
Cairo, 1994. At the ICPD a 20-year Programme of
Action was adopted by the vast majority of world
states.
This article is an edited version of the European
Forum for Primary Care (EFPC) position paper on
the potential role of primary health care (PHC) in
the field of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in
Europe. The EFPC commissioned two European
SRH experts to set out its position on the subject,
which is presented here. The experts were assisted
by a working group of eight European SRH and
PHC experts from six countries, while the WHO
Regional Office for Europe and the WHO Reproductive
Health and Research Department at the
organisation’s Geneva office provided valuable
support and input during the process of developing
this position paper.
Because both these concepts, i.e. SRH and PHC,
are often poorly understood, their meaning and
substance are explained in some detail. For a variety
of reasons SRH should be a primary responsibility
of PHC and it should be approached as one integrated
field of health care. In actual practice, SRH is
very differently organised across Europe and in
many cases poorly integrated in PHC. SRH care is
often fragmented, not easily accessible, of poor quality
and needlessly expensive. It is therefore recommended
that SRH care is better integrated in
PHC, and that it meets a variety of quality criteria.
Keywords: Europe, healthcare system, primary
health care, reproductive health, sexual health