MUKTA MANI

Patna University, Department of Education, Faculty Member

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Address: Department of Education, Patna University, Patna-800004, Bihar

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Apoorva Ghosh

University of Louisiana at Lafayette

Safena A K T E R Jidni

GARRET RAJA

M.S.University, Tirunelveli

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Amol Shetty

Gujarat University

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Papers by MUKTA MANI

EMPLOYMENT OF THIRD GENDER COMMUNITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Education and Society (UGC Care Journal), Vol.46, Issue-04, No.01, Oct-Dec. 2022, ISSN 2278-6864, pp no. 73-80., 2022

Gender identity makes the third-gender community a victim of stigmatization and marginalization b... more Gender identity makes the third-gender community a victim of stigmatization and marginalization by society. Their economic hardships further aggravate the psychological pain they suffer. They are discriminated against, do not have access to educational opportunities, and remain either uneducated or under-educated which does not make them qualify for jobs. People are not willing to employ them, and even if somehow manage to get a job, they face humiliation to such an extent that breaks them mentally and physically. Scholars across the globe have tried to study the employment opportunities available to the third-gender community, and the challenges they face in their workplace. The present study adds to the existing knowledge base by conducting a systematic literature review on the employment of the third-gender community across the globe. The major themes which have been examined in this article are the employment status of the third gender community, discrimination in hiring them, discrimination at the workplace and the working climate, recent initiatives by modern corporate companies, and suggestions to make employment opportunities more accessible to them.

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SOCIAL STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION FACED BY THE THIRD-GENDER COMMUNITY IN BIHAR

Jharkhand Journal of Development and Management Studies, 2023

Third-gender people are the most stigmatized and marginalized section of society. Shunned by fami... more Third-gender people are the most stigmatized and marginalized section of society. Shunned by families accompanied by social exclusion, verbal and physical abuse, isolation, and rejection expose them to physical, sexual, emotional, and genderbased violence. A low level of education is associated with under-employment, homelessness, low self-esteem, and lack of a perceived support system among them. The study presents a discussion of the social stigma and discrimination faced by the third-gender respondents in Bihar. An investigation was made to explore what kind of experiences they have undergone throughout their childhood, what are the various problems they are still facing in society, do they have any access to public services or not, do they report cases of discrimination and injustice to the Police Station or not; what are the various existing social support for them, and what is the perception of people towards this community. The paper also discusses the measures suggested by the respondents to reduce social stigma and discrimination against them..