Papers by Oluremi Olatunbosun
SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems
Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal General rights Unless a licence is specified... more Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. • Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. • Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. • User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of 'fair dealing' under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) • Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive.
A Novel Strain-Based Method to Estimate Tire Conditions Using Fuzzy Logic for Intelligent Tires
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 10, 2017
The so-called intelligent tires are one of the most promising research fields for automotive engi... more The so-called intelligent tires are one of the most promising research fields for automotive engineers. These tires are equipped with sensors which provide information about vehicle dynamics. Up to now, the commercial intelligent tires only provide information about inflation pressure and their contribution to stability control systems is currently very limited. Nowadays one of the major problems for intelligent tire development is how to embed feasible and low cost sensors to obtain reliable information such as inflation pressure, vertical load or rolling speed. These parameters provide key information for vehicle dynamics characterization. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm based on fuzzy logic to estimate the mentioned parameters by means of a single strain-based system. Experimental tests have been carried out in order to prove the suitability and durability of the proposed on-board strain sensor system, as well as its low cost advantages, and the accuracy of the obtain...
A Strain-Based Method to Estimate Slip Angle and Tire Working Conditions for Intelligent Tires Using Fuzzy Logic
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 16, 2017
Tires equipped with sensors, the so-called "intelligent tires", can provide vital infor... more Tires equipped with sensors, the so-called "intelligent tires", can provide vital information for control systems, drivers and external users. In this research, tire dynamic strain characteristics in cornering conditions are collected and analysed in relation to the variation of tire working conditions, such as inflation pressure, rolling speed, vertical load and slip angle. An experimental tire strain-based prototype and an indoor tire test rig are used to demonstrate the suitability of strain sensors to establish relations between strain data and lateral force. The results of experiments show that strain values drop sharply when lateral force is decreasing, which can be used to predict tire slip conditions. As a first approach to estimate some tire working conditions, such as the slip angle and vertical load, a fuzzy logic method has been developed. The simulation and test results confirm the feasibility of strain sensors and the proposed computational model to solve the...
Flexible Bond Wire Capacitive Strain Sensor for Vehicle Tyres
Sensors, 2016
The safety of the driving experience and manoeuvrability of a vehicle can be improved by detectin... more The safety of the driving experience and manoeuvrability of a vehicle can be improved by detecting the strain in tyres. To measure strain accurately in rubber, the strain sensor needs to be flexible so that it does not deform the medium that it is measuring. In this work, a novel flexible bond wire capacitive strain sensor for measuring the strain in tyres is developed, fabricated and calibrated. An array of 25 micron diameter wire bonds in an approximately 8 mm × 8 mm area is built to create an interdigitated structure, which consists of 50 wire loops resulting in 49 capacitor pairs in parallel. Laser machining was used to pattern copper on a flexible printed circuit board PCB to make the bond pads for the wire attachment. The wire array was finally packaged and embedded in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which acts as the structural material that is strained. The capacitance of the device is in a linear like relationship with respect to the strain, which can measure the strain up to at least ±60,000 micro-strain (±6%) with a resolution of ~132 micro-strain (0.013%). In-tyre testing under static loading has shown the ability of the sensor to measure large tyre strains. The technology used for sensor fabrication lends itself to mass production and so the design is considered to be consistent with low cost commercialisable strain sensing technology.
Damping Loss Factor Determination and Prediction for Laminated Beams
한국소음진동공학회 국제학술발표논문집, Aug 1, 2003
Wce, 2007
A new method for remote crack monitoring, based on the breathing crack phenomenon and wavelet tra... more A new method for remote crack monitoring, based on the breathing crack phenomenon and wavelet transform, is proposed. During vibration, edges of a crack come into and out of contact which causes non-linear effects in the response of a structure, due to changes in the structural stiffness, as the crack opens and closes. Wavelet Transform is applied to detect such nonlinear effects in the response signals of the structure. The results of numerical studies obtained from the FE analysis and experimental tests of simple specimens promise a practical technique for remote structural health monitoring.
Simulation of tyre rolling resistance generated on uneven road
International Journal of Vehicle Design, 2016
In this paper, a new method for remote crack monitoring, based on the crack-breathing phenomenon,... more In this paper, a new method for remote crack monitoring, based on the crack-breathing phenomenon, is proposed. During vibration, edges of a crack come into and out of contact which causes non-linear effects in the response of a structure. This is caused by the change in the structural stiffness when the crack opens and closes. Wavelet Transform is applied to detect such nonlinear effects in the response signals of the structure. The existence and depth of the crack are determined by using large values (peaks) in the wavelet transform and modulus maxima lines of wavelet transform. The location of the crack is estimated by signal ratios between points along the structure. The results of numerical studies obtained from the FE analysis and experimental tests of simple specimens are in good agreement. The results of further numerical study of a real suspension arm based on the proposed system also promise a practical technique for remote monitoring of complex structures in practice.
A Generic Fuzzy Pilot and Path Planning for Vehicle Handling Dynamics Simulation Studies
Sae International Journal of Passenger Cars Electronic and Electrical Systems, Mar 17, 2004
ABSTRACT Featuring the 70 best safety-related SAE technical papers of 2003, this book provides th... more ABSTRACT Featuring the 70 best safety-related SAE technical papers of 2003, this book provides the most comprehensive information available on current and emerging developments in automotive safety. It gives readers a feel for the direction engineers are taking to reduce deaths and injuries of vehicle occupants as well as pedestrians. All of the papers selected for this book meet the criteria for inclusion in SAE Transactions--the definitive collection of the year's best technical research in automotive engineering technology.
FE Simulation of the Effect of Tire Design Parameters on Lateral Forces and Moments
Tire Science and Technology, 2004
ABSTRACT Finite Element (FE) tire models are increasingly being used for tire design, vehicle des... more ABSTRACT Finite Element (FE) tire models are increasingly being used for tire design, vehicle design studies and dynamic investigations. Such tire models have the inherent advantage of being able to cover a wide range of tire design variables (such as detailed tire geometry and material composition), in addition to an extensive coverage of operational conditions (such as tire load. inflation pressure and driving speed). A variety of road input disturbances can also be considered. This paper presents a three-dimensional 3D) Finite Element tire model developed using ABAQUS, a commercial finite element code for use in the development of new tire designs and simulation of vehicle dynamics. Of particular interest are rolling tire output responses, such as lateral forces and self-aligning moment generated due to steering input during vehicle maneuvering and vibration responses to road disturbances. The model will also be applicable in investigating other tire design issues, such as the heat generated in the carcass of the rolling tire. This can present particular problems in heavily loaded tires, for example aircraft tires during take-off. This model should enable the rapid development of new tire designs to satisfy specific requirements.
Modeling of Strain Energy Harvesting in Pneumatic Tires Using Piezoelectric Transducer
Dynamic Performance Analysis of a Light Van Body-In-White Structure
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2011
ABSTRACT Requirement for low emissions and better vehicle performance has led to the demand for l... more ABSTRACT Requirement for low emissions and better vehicle performance has led to the demand for lightweight vehicle structures. Lighter gauge panels are being used to construct the body-in-white (BIW) monocoque structure, which is the basic component of the vehicle body. Since lighter gauge panels tend to generate more vibration and interior noise, it is necessary to optimize the dynamic performance of lightweight vehicle structures in order to achieve acceptable levels of vibro-acoustic performance. The design of a light commercial van structure has evolved over the years and through a lightweighting exercise the current BIW is about 10 per cent lighter than the previous BIW even though the volume capacity was increased by 15 per cent and the load-carrying capacity by 18 per cent. In this study, the dynamic performance of the current production light van BIW structure is investigated. Its performance is assessed against the structural dynamic performance standards which have been established for this class of structures. While the input mobility performance was found to exceed the standards easily, the modal mobility performance was found to be unsatisfactory owing to the occurrence of local panel resonant modes in the two side panels. A finite element model of the structure was developed to study the effect of adding stringers to the roof and side panels to eliminate some of the local panel modes and thus to improve the dynamic performance of the structure.
A new electro-hydraulic triaxial tyre test facility for low-frequency rolling tyre dynamics
The existing triaxial tyre test rig at the Automotive Engineering Centre, University of Birmingha... more The existing triaxial tyre test rig at the Automotive Engineering Centre, University of Birmingham, was recently replaced by a new electro-hydraulically driven facility which has provided a number of improvements over the previous electromagnetically driven facility. This paper describes the main design features of the new facility, and its advantages over the old facility are highlighted, particularly the possibility of simulating vehicle boundary conditions by programmed control of the electro-hydraulic actuators. A system model for extracting tyre modal parameters from the test data is derived, and some sample results are presented to illustrate the accuracy of the model.
Generalized representation of the low frequency radial dynamic parameters of rolling tyres
Low frequency dynamic behaviour of tyres is studied using a non-linear lumped parameter model in ... more Low frequency dynamic behaviour of tyres is studied using a non-linear lumped parameter model in which the stiffness and damping parameters vary with the test frequency and tyre operating parameters. From an analysis of the result, representative functions are proposed for describing tyre radial stiffness and damping as functions of the tyre operating parameters. These functions have been tested on a number of tyres and shown to be valid.
Contact modelling of the tyre/road interface
The understanding, modelling and predicting of tyre behavioural characteristics, for both static ... more The understanding, modelling and predicting of tyre behavioural characteristics, for both static and dynamic applications, requires the consideration of many detailed aspects of this seemingly simple component. In order to investigate the problem more fully, computer analysis techniques are becoming more common than the simplifications associated with analytical methods. The finite element method is one such technique that enables engineers to examine tyre behaviour comprehensively and to predict tyre performance at the design stage. In order to carry out finite element analysis of tyre behaviour successfully, many modelling difficulties have to be addressed. These include: composite material representation (due to the lamina make-up of a tyre's construction), material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity (due to large deflections), and tyre/road contact. Over the years researchers have developed methods to overcome these modelling difficulties, and successful finite element tyr...
Numerical simulation of tyre cornering behaviour
The use of finite element (FE) modelling in tyre design and development has now become a popular ... more The use of finite element (FE) modelling in tyre design and development has now become a popular practice within the tyre industry. Such an approach has helped in enhancing rapid tyre virtual prototyping, hence reducing the cost associated with extensive tyre experimental procedures and shortening the tyre design cycle. Recently, FE models have been developed to simulate steady state tyre rolling condition. However, such models are incapable of solving the challenging problem of tyre transient behaviour, a precursor to a steady state rolling condition, arising from such events as a cornering manoeuvre or a tyre enveloping an obstacle e.g. cleat. This paper addresses the simulation of tyre transient and steady state behaviour during cornering, using a commercial FE code ABAQUS®. The impact of preload on tyre transient behaviour in terms of the relaxation length is assessed and compared with theoretical experimental results. The model showed comparable results with experimental measur...
New techniques in tyre modal analysis using MSC/NASTRAN
International Journal of Vehicle Design
For many years the dynamic response of vehicle tyres has been an important topic to both vehicle ... more For many years the dynamic response of vehicle tyres has been an important topic to both vehicle and tyre manufactures. The connection between dynamic response and the contribution the tyre makes to ride, handling, interior passenger compartment noise and external pass-by noise has encouraged researchers to develop more and more sophisticated dynamic analysis techniques. Currently, design stage modelling tools. such as the finite element method, are being used to advantage, and have been demonstrated to be accurate in representing tyre behavioural characteristics. In this paper new techniques are presented for finite element modelling of tyres in the areas of material property derivation and contact modelling of the tyre/road interface. Using the model, modal analysis of the inflated/deflected tyre was carried out and compared to test results. These results, along with the results of parametric studies, to assess the effect of inflation pressure, hub load and rotational speed on the...
After decades of investigating brake noise and despite the application of advanced tools and meth... more After decades of investigating brake noise and despite the application of advanced tools and methods of investigation, brake squeal remains a general problem of the automotive industry. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been employed as the main tool in numerous studies recently, mainly using the Complex Eigenvalue Analysis (CEA) to predict the occurrence of brake instability and, hence, brake squeal. However it has been shown that not all instabilities predicted by CEA do occur in reality. The effective (negative) damping ratio (expressed in percentage terms) is used as a measure of the strength of instabilities. The level of effective damping ratio of the predicted instabilities below which the instability is not prone to cause noise is set at different levels by different researchers with 1% being an average value in the industry. However, in this study, the acceptable effective damping ratio percentage is set to be 0.5% and any instability predicted with an effective damping rat...
Modelling of strain energy harvesting in pneumatic tires using piezoelectric transducer
Tire Science and Technology
This paper presents an evaluation study of the feasibility of harvesting energy from rolling tire... more This paper presents an evaluation study of the feasibility of harvesting energy from rolling tire deformation and using it to supply a tire monitoring device installed within the tire cavity. The developed technique is simulated by using a flexible piezoelectric fiber composite transducer (PFC) adhered onto the tire inner liner acting as the energy harvesting element for tire monitoring systems. The PFC element generates electric charge when strain is applied to it. Tire cyclic deformation, particularly at the contact patch surface due to rolling conditions, can be exploited to harvest energy. Finite element simulations, using Abaqus package, were employed to estimate the available strain energy within the tire structure in order to select the optimum location for the PFC element. Experimental tests were carried out by using an evaluation kit for the energy harvesting element installed within the tire cavity to examine the PFC performance under controlled speed and loading conditions.
A Fuzzy Logic Application on Vehicle Path Planning and Yaw Control
In thi s paper, fuzzy vehicle path planning and the preliminary results of the vehicle yaw contro... more In thi s paper, fuzzy vehicle path planning and the preliminary results of the vehicle yaw control are discussed. In the last decade, intelligent c ontrol schemes have been increasingly applied in various fields. However, there is still a lack of experience in the intelligent control schemes such as fuzzy logic and ·neural networks in the automotive applications. A vehicle model is used in conjunction with the fuzzy driver model to generate the vehicle's path through a number of specified points . through which the vehicle must pass. The simulation is carried out in the Matlab'° programming environment using a Simulinkc vehicle model under fuzzy logic control intended to imitate how a real driver would stee r the vehicle to create a path through the specified points. While the response of the vehicle is assumed as a real driver's action s, the same fuzzy logic controller is used to control the yaw motion of the vehicle by applied braking and tractive forces at each wheel...
Uploads
Papers by Oluremi Olatunbosun