Background. Recently, dentists can utilize three-dimensional printing technology in fabricating d... more Background. Recently, dentists can utilize three-dimensional printing technology in fabricating dental restoration. However, to date, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effect of printing layer thicknesses and postprinting on the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed temporary restorations with the additive manufacturing technique. So, this study evaluated the mechanical properties of a 3D-printed dental resin material with different printing layer thicknesses and postprinting methods. Methods. 210 specimens of a temporary crown material (A2 EVERES TEMPORARY, SISMA, Italy) were 3D-printed with different printing layer thicknesses (25, 50, and 100 μm). Then, specimens were 3D-printed using DLP technology (EVERES ZERO, DLP 3D printer, SISMA, Italy) which received seven different treatment conditions after printing: water storage for 24 h or 1 month, light curing or heat curing for 5 or 15 minutes, and control. Flexural properties were evaluated using a three-point bending tes...
University Journal of Surgery and Surgical Specialities, 2017
Pelvic exenteration is one of the major surgery during which all contents of pelvic cavity are re... more Pelvic exenteration is one of the major surgery during which all contents of pelvic cavity are removed. Total pelvic exenteration is indicated in patients with advanced stage rectal carcinoma and carcinoma cervix and in cases of local recurrence of rectal cancer, recurrent carcinoma cervix after radiotherapy in tumour advanced into bladder or into other pelvic organs but disease confined to pelvis. Total pelvic exenteration can be curative, often is palliative for similar lesions that are recurrent or non responsive to radiotherapy. Although improvement in preoperative management and operative technique, especially with urinary conduits and postoperative care is clear, both early and late complications are significant. Unfortunately preoperative identification of those patients requiring Total pelvic exenteration rather than abdominoperineal or low anterior resection remains poor. Here we discuss about the three cases of Total pelvic exenteration operated for locally advanced pelvic...
2016R06EN basis, the tunnel manager must provide users with the appropriate level of information ... more 2016R06EN basis, the tunnel manager must provide users with the appropriate level of information to ensure their own safety. In addition, educational actions and road tunnel driver training and information remain a priority (refer to previous report [2]). Summary of previous PIARC reports dealing with communication. Three main players are likely to be involved during an incident in a road tunnel: the control centre operator, the users and the emergency teams. The previous PIARC reports dealing with this subject are listed below: • Communication between users and control centre operators: Human factors and road tunnels safety regarding users [1] and Recommendations regarding road tunnel drivers' training and information [2]. This report will be the 3rd one dealing with this issue. • Communication between control centre operators and emergency teams: Management of the operator-emergency teams interface in road tunnels [3]. "Communication between users and emergency teams" could also be mentioned. This is a very specific topic which does not seem to be very relevant except in some countries depending on the: strategy, organisation, regulatory context, equipment and installation, traffic management. PIARC has not published any specific report dealing with this issue. This report only deals with communication between control centre operators and users. Furthermore the communication processes between "tunnel operators and emergency teams" and "users and emergency teams" are outside of the scope of this report. This report is the outcome of an interactive and interdisciplinary process with the participation of technicians, specialists from intervention teams and psychologists. Content Chapter 1 summarizes the main expertise put to good use in recent years concerning human factors in connection with real-time communication. Chapter 2 presents objectives and gives a brief description of each "Real-time communication system". Chapter 3 introduces illustrations of use relating to usual scenarios such as congestion, minor or serious incidents and fire. Chapters 4 to 6 give details of the three illustrations mentioned above.
On March 11 2020 WHO declares corona viral disease as a global pandemic .COVID 19 pandemic has ta... more On March 11 2020 WHO declares corona viral disease as a global pandemic .COVID 19 pandemic has taken the world by storm and many countries like India is now experiencing a second surge due to mutant strains. Global health emergency has been precipitated by this corona virus disease caused by SARS CoV2.Acute and intermediate effects on cardiovascular system are becoming obvious with progression of time. SARS-CoV-2-related endothelial dysfunction results in an augmented risk for venous thromboembolism, systemic vasculitis, endothelial cell apoptosis, and inammation in various organs. Acute infections have troponin elevation more due to indirect cardiac damage though denite patterns of direct damage do exist. Intermediate evaluation in patients with resolved infections shows increased incidence of exercise induced arrhythmias and residual cardiovascular symptoms. The virus with its zoonotic origin based upon its genomic identity to bat derived SARS corona virus has a human to human t...
Fibre-reinforced dental composites are proven to have superior mechanical properties in compariso... more Fibre-reinforced dental composites are proven to have superior mechanical properties in comparison with micro/nano/hybrid filled composites. However, the addition of small quantities of short glass fibres could affect the dimensional stability of the restoration both during initial stages as well as through the life of the restoration. This in-vitro study aims at evaluating the physical properties of short S-Glass reinforced flowable dental composites. Two S-Glass short fibre-particulate reinforced (5 wt% of aspect ratios 50 and 70) and one particulate only reinforced flowable dental composites were prepared with UDMA-TEGDMA based dental monomer systems. Samples were photopolymersied for 60 s and stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h before testing. Depth of cure (through-thickness microhardness), volumetric shrinkage (Archimedes technique), polymerisation stress (cantilever based tensometer), curing exotherm (thermocouple), water sorption and solubility (ISO 4049) and thermal...
The surface of commercial graphene oxide was modified with polymers using Passerini reaction, whi... more The surface of commercial graphene oxide was modified with polymers using Passerini reaction, which enhances the compatibility between nanoparticles and 3D printing resin.
Objective. The effect of cusp angle on the load-carrying capacity and failure behaviour of BionZ ... more Objective. The effect of cusp angle on the load-carrying capacity and failure behaviour of BionZ Diamond zirconia crowns is carried out using experimental and numerical investigations.
One of the major reasons of low productivity in chilli is the lack of technical knowledge of the ... more One of the major reasons of low productivity in chilli is the lack of technical knowledge of the farmers about judicious and timely implementation of the management strategies against the major biotic stresses (insect pests and diseases) which ultimately reduce its return. Considering the integrated crop management on need based plant protection in vegetables was conducted in farmer’s fields at different villages of the Kalaburagi district, under northern part of Karnataka, during the period from 2011-12 to 2013-14 show the productivity potential and profitability of improved technologies. The results showed that, on an average the highest yield achieved by adopting integrated crop management was 260.17 quintals ha-1, whereas the corresponding yield ranged under farmer’s practices was to 235.243 quintals ha-1 of green chillies. Adoption of integrated crop management will increase the yield 10.56% over farmer practices. The average technological gap, extension gap and technological i...
Prediction of the mechanical response and failure behavior of laminated composites is vital for a... more Prediction of the mechanical response and failure behavior of laminated composites is vital for an efficient design in engineering applications. Vast quantity of failure models for composites were developed and compared in accuracy and applicability. In practice, many concerns usually appear at the material and damage model selection stage, since some models are not sensitive to important mechanical effects, while others are too complicated and require a large amount of experimental data. Presented work proposes a flexible approach for a failure modelling and initially requires only minimum of commonly available experimental data, but with possibility of extension to capture different forms of physical nonlinearity, including nonlinear shear and strain-rate effect. Proposed failure model is based on introduction of two damage parameters. Nonlinear shear response is formulated by introduction of an arbitrary polynomial shear stiffness dependency on shear strain component. Strain rate effects are considered using damage rate parameter, which has some advantages in constitutive equation formulation and practical usage. Special analytical relations for damage rate influence are presented with successful test correlation. Proposed model was implemented in commercial finite element analysis software via special user subroutines for practical computations. Numerical simulations for example problems of composites under biaxial loading and open-hole compression plate test were performed and a good correlation between theoretical and experimental results were achieved.
Based on symmetries Taub-NUT shares with Bertrand spacetime, we cast it as the latter with magnet... more Based on symmetries Taub-NUT shares with Bertrand spacetime, we cast it as the latter with magnetic fields. Its nature as a Bianchi-IX gravitational instanton and other related geometrical properties are reviewed. We provide an easy derivation and comparison between the spatial Killing-Yano tensors deduced from first-integrals and the corresponding hyperkähler structures and finally verify the existence of a graded Lie-algebra structure via Schouten-Nijenhuis brackets.
traditional polymerisation shrinkage (ps) measurement systems measure average ps of dental compos... more traditional polymerisation shrinkage (ps) measurement systems measure average ps of dental composites, but the true local ps varies along the length and breadth of the composite. the ps depends on the curing light intensity distribution, resultant degree of conversion (DoC) and the curing rate. In this paper, optical fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensing based technology is used to measure the linear post-gel ps at multiple locations within dental composite specimens, and is correlated with DoC and curing rate. A commercial dental composite is used, and its post-gel ps and DoC are mapped using embedded fibre Bragg grating sensors at different curing conditions. The distance between the curing lamp and the composite specimen is varied which resulted in different intensity distribution across the specimen. The effect of curing light intensity distribution on PS, curing rate and DOC are investigated for demonstrating a relationship among them. It is demonstrated that FBG sensing method is an effective method to accurately profiling post-gel PS across the specimen. Focus on aesthetics, toxicity concerns and ease of application has led methacrylate based dental composites to be the preferred restorative material by practitioners around the world 1. Current drift towards 'minimal invasive dentistry' has increased the usage of dental composites at all locations of mouth area. Applications of adhesive restorative composites in dentistry are multifold, ranging from root canal posts, posterior restoration, tooth prostheses and orthodontic devices to cavity liners, inlays, crowns and onlays 1. However, the main drawback is their contraction during/after polymerisation 2. Methacrylate based dental composites are generally photocured under blue-light at a wavelength range of 420-480 nm. During photo-curing, double carbon links (C=C) in monomer are converted to single links (C-C) in polymer; the number of molecules converted to polymer is referred as degree of conversion (DOC) 3. Mechanical and physical performance of dental resin composites are directly dependent on the extent of DOC during polymerisation; higher the conversion, higher are the longevity, mechanical and physical properties. Nonetheless, most of the dental resins show considerable amount of monomers remaining in the cured polymers 4-6 , which could be due to the influence of several factors such as irradiation time, irradiation distance, type of light source, size of light tip, optimum wavelength, power density, type of monomers, size and volume fraction of fillers, refraction coefficients of both organic matrix and inorganic fillers, type and quantity of photo-initiators and co-initiators 7,8. Polymerisation process involves certain amount of polymerisation shrinkage (PS), which could be due to chemical, thermal or post contraction 9. During chemical contraction, the van der Waals distance between the atoms of monomers are reduced from to ~10 4 Å ~1.0 Å, resulting in bulk contraction in cured resin, i.e., volumetric polymerisation shrinkage 10-12. Though the effect of thermal contraction due to exothermic reaction and cooling back to room temperature is minimal, internal stresses could be induced which could be detrimental to the
This paper reports an application of an optical fiber sensor in a continuous and in situ failure ... more This paper reports an application of an optical fiber sensor in a continuous and in situ failure testing of an E-glass/vinylester top hat stiffener (THS). The sensor head was constructed from a compact phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG). The narrow transmission channel of the PS-FBG is highly sensitive to small perturbation, hence suitable to be used in acoustic emission (AE) assessment technique. The progressive failure of THS was tested under transverse loading to experimentally simulate the actual loading in practice. Our experimental tests have demonstrated, in good agreement with the commercial piezoelectric sensors, that the important failures information of the THS was successfully recorded by the simple intensity-type PS-FBG sensor.
Inclusive growth is the mantra for a country's growth. Inclusive growth itself demands inclus... more Inclusive growth is the mantra for a country's growth. Inclusive growth itself demands inclusive support from all the sectors of industry and agriculture. But economy of industry and agriculture growth depends on proper supply of goods and food items to the ultimate consumers at right place, right time, right quantity with right price based on effective prediction or judgement of demand. The failure to predict proper demand by a company leads to fluctuation of demand between supply chain stages. This extends to bullwhip effect, which is a threat for economic growth. Nowadays Indian retailing industry is booming with more opportunities and has got increased contribution to the growth of economy. Due to the impact of globalization, Indian retailing formats are seeing metamorphosis. Retailing is getting transformed like India from unorganized to semi organized and organized retailing. Retailing in fresh food vegetable supply is slowly gaining importance in the agricultural based ec...
Background. Recently, dentists can utilize three-dimensional printing technology in fabricating d... more Background. Recently, dentists can utilize three-dimensional printing technology in fabricating dental restoration. However, to date, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effect of printing layer thicknesses and postprinting on the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed temporary restorations with the additive manufacturing technique. So, this study evaluated the mechanical properties of a 3D-printed dental resin material with different printing layer thicknesses and postprinting methods. Methods. 210 specimens of a temporary crown material (A2 EVERES TEMPORARY, SISMA, Italy) were 3D-printed with different printing layer thicknesses (25, 50, and 100 μm). Then, specimens were 3D-printed using DLP technology (EVERES ZERO, DLP 3D printer, SISMA, Italy) which received seven different treatment conditions after printing: water storage for 24 h or 1 month, light curing or heat curing for 5 or 15 minutes, and control. Flexural properties were evaluated using a three-point bending tes...
University Journal of Surgery and Surgical Specialities, 2017
Pelvic exenteration is one of the major surgery during which all contents of pelvic cavity are re... more Pelvic exenteration is one of the major surgery during which all contents of pelvic cavity are removed. Total pelvic exenteration is indicated in patients with advanced stage rectal carcinoma and carcinoma cervix and in cases of local recurrence of rectal cancer, recurrent carcinoma cervix after radiotherapy in tumour advanced into bladder or into other pelvic organs but disease confined to pelvis. Total pelvic exenteration can be curative, often is palliative for similar lesions that are recurrent or non responsive to radiotherapy. Although improvement in preoperative management and operative technique, especially with urinary conduits and postoperative care is clear, both early and late complications are significant. Unfortunately preoperative identification of those patients requiring Total pelvic exenteration rather than abdominoperineal or low anterior resection remains poor. Here we discuss about the three cases of Total pelvic exenteration operated for locally advanced pelvic...
2016R06EN basis, the tunnel manager must provide users with the appropriate level of information ... more 2016R06EN basis, the tunnel manager must provide users with the appropriate level of information to ensure their own safety. In addition, educational actions and road tunnel driver training and information remain a priority (refer to previous report [2]). Summary of previous PIARC reports dealing with communication. Three main players are likely to be involved during an incident in a road tunnel: the control centre operator, the users and the emergency teams. The previous PIARC reports dealing with this subject are listed below: • Communication between users and control centre operators: Human factors and road tunnels safety regarding users [1] and Recommendations regarding road tunnel drivers' training and information [2]. This report will be the 3rd one dealing with this issue. • Communication between control centre operators and emergency teams: Management of the operator-emergency teams interface in road tunnels [3]. "Communication between users and emergency teams" could also be mentioned. This is a very specific topic which does not seem to be very relevant except in some countries depending on the: strategy, organisation, regulatory context, equipment and installation, traffic management. PIARC has not published any specific report dealing with this issue. This report only deals with communication between control centre operators and users. Furthermore the communication processes between "tunnel operators and emergency teams" and "users and emergency teams" are outside of the scope of this report. This report is the outcome of an interactive and interdisciplinary process with the participation of technicians, specialists from intervention teams and psychologists. Content Chapter 1 summarizes the main expertise put to good use in recent years concerning human factors in connection with real-time communication. Chapter 2 presents objectives and gives a brief description of each "Real-time communication system". Chapter 3 introduces illustrations of use relating to usual scenarios such as congestion, minor or serious incidents and fire. Chapters 4 to 6 give details of the three illustrations mentioned above.
On March 11 2020 WHO declares corona viral disease as a global pandemic .COVID 19 pandemic has ta... more On March 11 2020 WHO declares corona viral disease as a global pandemic .COVID 19 pandemic has taken the world by storm and many countries like India is now experiencing a second surge due to mutant strains. Global health emergency has been precipitated by this corona virus disease caused by SARS CoV2.Acute and intermediate effects on cardiovascular system are becoming obvious with progression of time. SARS-CoV-2-related endothelial dysfunction results in an augmented risk for venous thromboembolism, systemic vasculitis, endothelial cell apoptosis, and inammation in various organs. Acute infections have troponin elevation more due to indirect cardiac damage though denite patterns of direct damage do exist. Intermediate evaluation in patients with resolved infections shows increased incidence of exercise induced arrhythmias and residual cardiovascular symptoms. The virus with its zoonotic origin based upon its genomic identity to bat derived SARS corona virus has a human to human t...
Fibre-reinforced dental composites are proven to have superior mechanical properties in compariso... more Fibre-reinforced dental composites are proven to have superior mechanical properties in comparison with micro/nano/hybrid filled composites. However, the addition of small quantities of short glass fibres could affect the dimensional stability of the restoration both during initial stages as well as through the life of the restoration. This in-vitro study aims at evaluating the physical properties of short S-Glass reinforced flowable dental composites. Two S-Glass short fibre-particulate reinforced (5 wt% of aspect ratios 50 and 70) and one particulate only reinforced flowable dental composites were prepared with UDMA-TEGDMA based dental monomer systems. Samples were photopolymersied for 60 s and stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h before testing. Depth of cure (through-thickness microhardness), volumetric shrinkage (Archimedes technique), polymerisation stress (cantilever based tensometer), curing exotherm (thermocouple), water sorption and solubility (ISO 4049) and thermal...
The surface of commercial graphene oxide was modified with polymers using Passerini reaction, whi... more The surface of commercial graphene oxide was modified with polymers using Passerini reaction, which enhances the compatibility between nanoparticles and 3D printing resin.
Objective. The effect of cusp angle on the load-carrying capacity and failure behaviour of BionZ ... more Objective. The effect of cusp angle on the load-carrying capacity and failure behaviour of BionZ Diamond zirconia crowns is carried out using experimental and numerical investigations.
One of the major reasons of low productivity in chilli is the lack of technical knowledge of the ... more One of the major reasons of low productivity in chilli is the lack of technical knowledge of the farmers about judicious and timely implementation of the management strategies against the major biotic stresses (insect pests and diseases) which ultimately reduce its return. Considering the integrated crop management on need based plant protection in vegetables was conducted in farmer’s fields at different villages of the Kalaburagi district, under northern part of Karnataka, during the period from 2011-12 to 2013-14 show the productivity potential and profitability of improved technologies. The results showed that, on an average the highest yield achieved by adopting integrated crop management was 260.17 quintals ha-1, whereas the corresponding yield ranged under farmer’s practices was to 235.243 quintals ha-1 of green chillies. Adoption of integrated crop management will increase the yield 10.56% over farmer practices. The average technological gap, extension gap and technological i...
Prediction of the mechanical response and failure behavior of laminated composites is vital for a... more Prediction of the mechanical response and failure behavior of laminated composites is vital for an efficient design in engineering applications. Vast quantity of failure models for composites were developed and compared in accuracy and applicability. In practice, many concerns usually appear at the material and damage model selection stage, since some models are not sensitive to important mechanical effects, while others are too complicated and require a large amount of experimental data. Presented work proposes a flexible approach for a failure modelling and initially requires only minimum of commonly available experimental data, but with possibility of extension to capture different forms of physical nonlinearity, including nonlinear shear and strain-rate effect. Proposed failure model is based on introduction of two damage parameters. Nonlinear shear response is formulated by introduction of an arbitrary polynomial shear stiffness dependency on shear strain component. Strain rate effects are considered using damage rate parameter, which has some advantages in constitutive equation formulation and practical usage. Special analytical relations for damage rate influence are presented with successful test correlation. Proposed model was implemented in commercial finite element analysis software via special user subroutines for practical computations. Numerical simulations for example problems of composites under biaxial loading and open-hole compression plate test were performed and a good correlation between theoretical and experimental results were achieved.
Based on symmetries Taub-NUT shares with Bertrand spacetime, we cast it as the latter with magnet... more Based on symmetries Taub-NUT shares with Bertrand spacetime, we cast it as the latter with magnetic fields. Its nature as a Bianchi-IX gravitational instanton and other related geometrical properties are reviewed. We provide an easy derivation and comparison between the spatial Killing-Yano tensors deduced from first-integrals and the corresponding hyperkähler structures and finally verify the existence of a graded Lie-algebra structure via Schouten-Nijenhuis brackets.
traditional polymerisation shrinkage (ps) measurement systems measure average ps of dental compos... more traditional polymerisation shrinkage (ps) measurement systems measure average ps of dental composites, but the true local ps varies along the length and breadth of the composite. the ps depends on the curing light intensity distribution, resultant degree of conversion (DoC) and the curing rate. In this paper, optical fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensing based technology is used to measure the linear post-gel ps at multiple locations within dental composite specimens, and is correlated with DoC and curing rate. A commercial dental composite is used, and its post-gel ps and DoC are mapped using embedded fibre Bragg grating sensors at different curing conditions. The distance between the curing lamp and the composite specimen is varied which resulted in different intensity distribution across the specimen. The effect of curing light intensity distribution on PS, curing rate and DOC are investigated for demonstrating a relationship among them. It is demonstrated that FBG sensing method is an effective method to accurately profiling post-gel PS across the specimen. Focus on aesthetics, toxicity concerns and ease of application has led methacrylate based dental composites to be the preferred restorative material by practitioners around the world 1. Current drift towards 'minimal invasive dentistry' has increased the usage of dental composites at all locations of mouth area. Applications of adhesive restorative composites in dentistry are multifold, ranging from root canal posts, posterior restoration, tooth prostheses and orthodontic devices to cavity liners, inlays, crowns and onlays 1. However, the main drawback is their contraction during/after polymerisation 2. Methacrylate based dental composites are generally photocured under blue-light at a wavelength range of 420-480 nm. During photo-curing, double carbon links (C=C) in monomer are converted to single links (C-C) in polymer; the number of molecules converted to polymer is referred as degree of conversion (DOC) 3. Mechanical and physical performance of dental resin composites are directly dependent on the extent of DOC during polymerisation; higher the conversion, higher are the longevity, mechanical and physical properties. Nonetheless, most of the dental resins show considerable amount of monomers remaining in the cured polymers 4-6 , which could be due to the influence of several factors such as irradiation time, irradiation distance, type of light source, size of light tip, optimum wavelength, power density, type of monomers, size and volume fraction of fillers, refraction coefficients of both organic matrix and inorganic fillers, type and quantity of photo-initiators and co-initiators 7,8. Polymerisation process involves certain amount of polymerisation shrinkage (PS), which could be due to chemical, thermal or post contraction 9. During chemical contraction, the van der Waals distance between the atoms of monomers are reduced from to ~10 4 Å ~1.0 Å, resulting in bulk contraction in cured resin, i.e., volumetric polymerisation shrinkage 10-12. Though the effect of thermal contraction due to exothermic reaction and cooling back to room temperature is minimal, internal stresses could be induced which could be detrimental to the
This paper reports an application of an optical fiber sensor in a continuous and in situ failure ... more This paper reports an application of an optical fiber sensor in a continuous and in situ failure testing of an E-glass/vinylester top hat stiffener (THS). The sensor head was constructed from a compact phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG). The narrow transmission channel of the PS-FBG is highly sensitive to small perturbation, hence suitable to be used in acoustic emission (AE) assessment technique. The progressive failure of THS was tested under transverse loading to experimentally simulate the actual loading in practice. Our experimental tests have demonstrated, in good agreement with the commercial piezoelectric sensors, that the important failures information of the THS was successfully recorded by the simple intensity-type PS-FBG sensor.
Inclusive growth is the mantra for a country's growth. Inclusive growth itself demands inclus... more Inclusive growth is the mantra for a country's growth. Inclusive growth itself demands inclusive support from all the sectors of industry and agriculture. But economy of industry and agriculture growth depends on proper supply of goods and food items to the ultimate consumers at right place, right time, right quantity with right price based on effective prediction or judgement of demand. The failure to predict proper demand by a company leads to fluctuation of demand between supply chain stages. This extends to bullwhip effect, which is a threat for economic growth. Nowadays Indian retailing industry is booming with more opportunities and has got increased contribution to the growth of economy. Due to the impact of globalization, Indian retailing formats are seeing metamorphosis. Retailing is getting transformed like India from unorganized to semi organized and organized retailing. Retailing in fresh food vegetable supply is slowly gaining importance in the agricultural based ec...
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