Papers by Damra E L H A J Mustafa
Carissa edulis Vahl is well known in Sudanese herbal medicine, commonly used for treatment of epi... more Carissa edulis Vahl is well known in Sudanese herbal medicine, commonly used for treatment of epilepsy, headache, chest pains, rheumatism, skin lesions, mania and other psychoactive diseases. The investigations of the safety use for psychoactive purposes in Sudanese healing traditions and identifying secondary metabolites of the plant extracts are the key steps towards determination of appropriate medicinal doses. Therefore, one of the chemical constituents was isolated and structurally identified by 1 H-NMR and LC-MS. With the aim of evaluating Carissa edulis folk random uses, the isolated compound was compared with reference artificial drugs Lormetazepam, a potentially toxic compound. Structure investigations confirm that the isolated product was benzodiazepines analogous 7-chloro 1,4-benzodiazepine-2-ones. It is important to know the potential toxicity of certain plant in order to assess the therapeutic effect of it, as these are slight distinctions between the medicinal and toxic doses. In general the results obtained justify the use of the roots of Carissa edulis in traditional medicine for the treatment of some psychiatric diseases.
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that affected 451 million people worldwide on 2017. Accor... more Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that affected 451 million people worldwide on 2017. According to W.HO. The global health care expenditure on diabetic people was estimated to be 850 billion $ on 2017. Many medicinal plants have proven to be a good alternative to chemical medications. In this work 24 medicinal plants from different families used traditionally in Sudanese folk medicine for treatment of diabetes are reviewed based on scientific evidence. Their taxonomy, part used, life form, sources of collection, distribution, phytochemical screening and pharmacological activities have been identified. It is reported that the most abundant plant families were found to be Caesalpiniaceae, followed by Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae and then Anacardiaceae. 45 % were found to be herbs and 63 % of them were wild not cultivated. Phytochemical components of these plants were reviewed. Their anti-diabetic activities were reported in alloxinized and streptozotocin diabetic rats and in normoglycemic ones. LD 50 of these plants was determined. Medicinal plants in this review article showed a confirmed anti-diabetic activity and have been assessed for their safety which proposes them as herbal medications for treatment of diabetes.
Geogenic fluoride ion (F) contamination of groundwater has drawn worldwide attention due to its c... more Geogenic fluoride ion (F) contamination of groundwater has drawn worldwide attention due to its considerable impact on human health. In this study, the relationships between groundwater F levels, collected in the rainy and dry seasons from 16 rural areas in Khartoum state, Sudan, and the schooling performances of 775 primary school pupils, 315 boys and 460 girls, in 27 schools in these areas, were analyzed using the SPSS. The schooling performances were measured as the average score (%) [(100×average mark)÷total mark] and the high score prevalence (%) [(100×no of students scoring>70%)÷total no of students] for each of 8 subjects (Islamic studies I and II, Arabic, English, mathematics, sciences, history, and technology) and the overall score. The F level was found to be significantly negatively correlated with the average scores for 5 of the 8 subjects (range: r=-0.46, p<0.05 to r=-0.59, p<0.01), with the high score prevalences for 6 of the 8 subjects (range: r=-0.39, p<0.05 to r=-0.60, p<0.01), and with the overall score for both the average score (r=-0.51, p<0.01) and the high score prevalence (r=-0.48, p<0.05). On the basis of these results, we conclude that there may be an inverse relationship between the F level in drinking water and the schooling performance.
Sudan has a tremendous wealth flora due to its unique geographical location and diverse climate. ... more Sudan has a tremendous wealth flora due to its unique geographical location and diverse climate. Vast records of plants and plants' secondary metabolites are reported to possess redox capacity and can be exploited for the biosynthesis of nanoparti-cles. Plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles is preferred due to their availability and their various metabolites. The present review explores the potentiality and diversity of biological activities of silver nanoparticles that originated from the combination of silver and phyto-constituents of mostly traditionally used Sudanese medicinal and aromatic plants. The green synthesis methods of silver nanoparticles mediated by more than 45 traditionally used medicinal plants are critically reviewed. In addition, parameters that affect the synthesis of plant-mediated silver nanoparticles, their characterization techniques and various biological activities are summarized and discussed. Thus, the study of green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its applications can be extended to involve vast plant diversity of Sudan.
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Papers by Damra E L H A J Mustafa