Conference Presentations by SONALI SINGH
This paper examines the role of private tuition (PT) in a developing country like India. How does... more This paper examines the role of private tuition (PT) in a developing country like India. How does PT build its framework. It has evaded scholarly scrutiny. PT has become a parallel informal institution that supports the official education system. This paper researches the problem of how a strong informal education system supports weak formal education system without a paper trail. It has become an affordable alternative to private schools for many parents. The reach of education in rural areas and urban slum remains poor, government interventions notwithstanding. The government schools are not the first choice of any parent. My research is based on ASER(Annual Status of Education Report) reports of last four years and DISE(District Information System For Education) reports that strengthen this idea of increasing demand of tuition, that has become a supplement to improve education performance. Parent send their child to schools but with a sense of disbelief in formal education that specifically government schools provide. This paper suggests the ways in which how may the government can regain trust. A little initiative despite economic, social, and policy constraint is needed. I consider this as a " hidden problem as well as a hidden solution ". The paper seeks to highlight the relevance of private tutoring and analyze its placement in the formal education system.
Drafts by SONALI SINGH
In recent years, private tuition has emerged as a major force as results of both demand and marke... more In recent years, private tuition has emerged as a major force as results of both demand and market mechanisms. In terms of its nature, extent, and importance, it is in fact, comparable to the formal system. It is like a shadow of the formal system (Bray, 1999). I believe private tuition, which is running parallel to the main education system undoubtedly is playing an important yet unnoticed role, thus impacting the education market immensely. The essence of private tuition(PT) lies in helping a child who is lagging behind in the class by providing support in terms of more attention and additional hours. However, teachers are using it as an additional source of income even if it violates the rule of RTE. Drawing from a nationally representative data of ASER 2007 in addition to a qualitative field-based study in Bangalore, I have attempted to document the possible effects of private tuitions in High literacy and Low literacy states. Private tuitions in Low literacy states have a greater significant positive impact on learning outcomes of a child than in High literacy states. This study aims to propose a policy framework which will enable all the students who are lagging behind irrespective of their socio- economic status to access additional quality support. The paper also suggests a way to recruit more trained teachers in the education system in order to enhance students’ learning outcomes.
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Conference Presentations by SONALI SINGH
Drafts by SONALI SINGH